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Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &c.

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the physician, is in the hands of Mr. Aitken, and Robert Radcliffe, the first Earl of Sussex, in those of Mr. Robert Dunlop. Dr. Garnett deals with Ann Radcliffe, the novelist, and says that she "cannot be excluded from a place among great romancere." Allan Ramsay, wig-maker and poet, to whom we owe 'The Gentle Shepherd,' is the most valuable of Mr. Baynes's contributions, and John Reeves, the king's printer, the most important of those of Mr. Gordon Goodwin. Mr. W. P. Courtney, Mr. Russell Barker, Mr. P. J. Anderson, Mr. Boase, Mr. Thompson Cooper and Miss Elizabeth Lee are, as usual, responsible for many lives of importance. Mr. Austin Dobson, Dr. Jessopp, and the Rev. William Hunt are contributors. Mr. Charles Kent sends a sympathetic memoir of that strange being Charles Reade, and Mr. H. Davey in troduces us in John Redford to a little-known musician. Among the names of writers that will not be sought for in vain are those of the Rev. W. D. Macray, Dr. Norman Moore, Mr. D'Arcy Power, Mr. Tedder, and Mr. Charles

Welch.

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Dictionary of National Biography. Edited by Sidney Lee. Vol. XLVII. Puckle-Reidfurd. (Smith, Elder & Co) THE most important life in the forty-seventh volume of the Dictionary of National Biography,' that of the Journal of the Ex-Libris Society. "spider of hell," as Sir Walter Ralegh was called by Coke, bears two signatures, those of Prof. Laughton and THIS well-conducted journal maintains its interest and Mr. Sidney Lee. It is easy to believe that, while the value. To the last number Mr. J. Carlton Stitt contristory of adventure has been assigned the professor who butes a list of English Ladies' Armorial Book-plates.' is responsible for the lives of all the sailors, the literary One is scarcely surprised to find that the errors in the verdict is that of the editor. Raleigh's History of the heraldry of ladies' plates are numerous. To the editor, World' is classed among "the noblest of literary enter-r. W. H. K. Wright, we are presumably indebted for prises." The difficulty in the way of identifying Ralegh's the account of the fifth annual exhibition held under poems-the signatures" Sir W. R." and "Ignoto," which the protection of the Society. he occasionally attached to them, not being an infallible guide to authorship-is shown to extend to Ralegh's prose writings, many of which are apparently lost. The sentiment inspired by the greatness of his downfall and the baseness of his persecution are said to have exalted the popular estimate of Ralegh's character, and to have assigned him an importance to which he was not entitled. "Physical courage, patriotism, resourcefulness are to be ungrudgingly ascribed to him. He had, however, "small regard for truth, and reckless daring was the main characteristic of his stirring adventures as politician, soldier, sailor, and traveller." The volume opens with a contribution of the editor, who, writing of Puckle, the author of The Club,' the moral reflection in which Mr. Lee justly decries as tedious, says that "the book's long lease of popularity seems to exceed its literary merits." The Puttenhams, George and Richard, one of whom wrote the 'Arte of English Poesie,' are also in the hands of Mr. Lee, who is, moreover, responsible for the laureate, Pye; Francis Quarles, of Emblems' fame; Randolph, one of the literary offspring of Ben Jonson; Isaac Reed, the Shakspearean editor, and many other men of interest or importance, with whom has, curiously enough, to be classed one highwayman. The solitary contribution of Mr. Leslie Stephen consists of a biography of Thomas Reid, "the philosopher" (metaphysician?), the representative of the school of "common sense. An important life of Pym is by Dr. Samuel Rawson Gardiner. It is a valuable addition to our knowledge of a struggle on which too much light can never be poured. Mr. C. H. Firth is seen to advantage in lives of Sir James Ramsay and Rapin, otherwise Rapin-Thoyras, the historian and soldier, of whose career a stimulating narrative is given. The spirited account of the career of the first Marquess of Dalhousie is from the pen of Sir Alexander J. Arbuthnot; that of Henry Purcell, first of English musicians, is by Mr. FullerMaitland; Mr. Stanley Lane-Poole depicts Sir Henry Rawlinson. Among many careful and erudite lives by Mr. Seccombe, that of Cyrus Redding, the journalist and historian of wines, is the most generally interesting. A striking account of James Radcliffe, third Earl of Derwentwater, is from the same pen. John Radcliffe,

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MAKING its appearance in its enlarged shape, and at its old price of a shilling, the Cornhill takes, for once, precedence of all competitors. It is announced as No. 1 of a new series. It is difficult to imagine an opening number of more varied interest. Mrs. Richmond Ritchie leads off with an account of the original first number of the Cornhill, with extracts from the letters received by her father (Thackeray) from Monckton Milnes (Lord Houghton), Carlyle, Macaulay, Mrs. Barrett Browning, and other celebrities. Some of her father's discomforts as an editor are also narrated. Prof. Goldwin Smith supplies an anniversary study of Burke.' A very curious article is supplied in the Memoirs of a Soudanese Soldier,' translated by Capt. Percy Machell. Mr. Grant Duff gives several stories from the Ménagiana.' One is somewhat surprised to see this collection once more laid under contribution, and wonders if other of the French ana are to follow. 'Animal Helpers and Servers" is happy and new. 'Black Ghosts' is an attractive study in folk-lore. Pages from a Private Diary' is very well written. We fancy, however, the revelations are pastiches, and that no such diary has, in fact, been kept.-In the Fortnightly Mr. Traill writes with characteristic spirit and brightness upon the Analytical Humourist.' Himself a humourist of the first water, he supplies the best definitions of the relative provinces of wit and humour that we have yet read. Prof. Max Müller deals, in 'Coincidences,' with the resemblances between Catholic and pagan ceremonial, and passes thence into some philological investigations of keenest interest. Highway Robber,' at whom Ouida preaches, is the motor car, the introduction of which into England she solemnly deprecates. An earnest and an eloquent writer, Ouida, many of whose views we share, often conveys to us the idea of over-proving her case. We agree with her that the long, straight, and not seldom wearisome roads of France and Belgium are immeasurably better suited to that form of engine than the lovely green lanes of England, wandering indolently-and, as it seems, intentionally-by the longest route from hamlet to hamlet. Mr. Claude Phillips discusses The Salons,' and Mr. T. H. 8. Escott The Development of Lord Salisbury.'Special attention is attracted in the Nineteenth Century

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A Triad of Elegies' deals competently with Lycidas,' Thyrais,' and 'Adonais.' Subtle points of difference are dwelt upon by the writer, who scarcely seems so sensible to the magic of Milton as he is to that of Shelley and Arnold. An appreciative estimate of Verlaine is also given.-The Pall Mall, the illustrations in which are a credit to English art, gives 'Notes on some Dickens Places and People,' by Charles Dickens the younger. These notes may be read with abundant interest, and the spots, picturesque or other, that are reproduced are excellent. Mr. H. A. Bryden writes well on Zebras' and their characteristics. Much to be commended is also Sir E. B. Malet's spirited record, Through the Lines.'-The English Illustrated gives a portrait and memoir of Li Hung Chang, a well-illustrated account of The Intermarriages of England and Denmark,' and other noteworthy contents.-Longman's has also a wellassorted variety of contents.-Chapman's, as is its profession, overflows with fiction, much of it stirring.

to a translation of a letter from the Emperor of China undertakes the defence of a writer who has never to King George III. One wonders whether an epistle appealed, and will not appeal, to the majority of Eng80 condescending in its patronage ever, in its integrity, lish readers. 'An Italian Adventurer' deals with the reached the hands to which it was addressed. One romantic and unhappy career of Leonardo Trissino. cannot easily fancy George 111. accepting with perfect Very startling is the information conveyed in 'How equanimity the assurance that he lived in an obscure [English] History is written in America.-Mr. E. A. spot across the oceans." A profoundly important and Petherick sends to the Gentleman's an account of 'Munstimulating paper, to which it is not necessary to direct dus Alter et Idem,' an anonymous romance of the the attention of our readers, is that of Prof. Tylor on time of James I., from which it is supposed Swift bor'The Matriarchal Family System.' What is said about rowed the idea of 'Gulliver's Travels." In the erudite, the pretence of wife capture still prevailing in some but not always impeccable Lowndes the work is ascribed countries, on purchase of wives, and on other similar sub- to Bishop Hall, the author of 'Virgidemiarium.' It is jects, is of highest interest. Mr. Walter Alison Phillips known to have been humorously translated by John draws attention to Walter von der Vogelweide, some of Healey as 'The Discovery of a New World.' This John whose lyrics he translates. The adventurous career of Healey Mr. Petherick identifies with a recusant of the Alvar Nuñez is told by Mr. R. B. Cunninghame Graham. name, concerning whom many curious particulars are Mr. Rowland E. Prothero gives stimulating excerpts unearthed. As a bibliographical study the article has from New Letters of Edmund Gibbon.' Mrs. Bertrand much value. Mr. Adams writes pleasantly on Burton and Russell contemplates woman in Germany from the the Anatomy of Melancholy.-A sympathetic paper on Social Democratic point of view. Mr. Frederic Wed-Henriette Renan' appears in Temple Bar, in which more opens his mind on the subject of 'The Music Halls,' and Lord Meath thinks that 'Manners in Great Britain' are on the decline. If his lament is justified, the fault is probably found in the almost total absence of disci. pline as applied to youth. The same complaint is, however, as old as the hills.-The author, in the New Review, of Talks with Tennyson' has been admitted into close intimacy with the poet. His revelations are all interesting, and possibly escape the charge of indiscretion. The alterations made by Tennyson in answer to implied, even if unspoken, criticism, are unmistakable improvements. 'The Stream's Secret,' by Mr. Maxwell Gray, shows close sense of poetry and insight into it. Some of the views expressed win our concurrence. In dealing with poetry concerning the sea we are surprised, while reading "More than any poet Tennyson has brought the sea into poetry," to find no mention of Mr. Swinburne. In a paper by Mr. Gladstone on Man Making and Verse Making it is curious to find that veteran scholar passing over two misquotations from Horace. Sir Herbert Stephen writes thoughtfully and sagely on Criminals' Confessions.'-The Century leads off with an account, by Mr. F. Marion Crawford, of St. Peter's, Rome. This gives a good idea of the dimensions of that noble pile, and is well illustrated by M. A. Castaigne. Glimpses of Venezuela and Guiana' has more than temporary interest. Mr. Sloane's stirring 'Life of Napoleon Bonaparte' deals with the retreat from Moscow, and concludes with the last imperial victory. Very striking are the pictures of Russian and Austrian delays and tergiversations. What might almost be a continuation of the same valuable history is furnished in A Family Record of Ney's Execution,' from an unpublished memory of the Genet family. As an illustration, Gérard's fine portrait of "The bravest of the brave" is reproduced. 'An Arctic Studio' repays attention. Scribner's opens with a well-written and no less well-illustrated account of Coney Island. It has a pleasant holiday flavour. Mr. Brander Matthews writes on 'The Beauty of Place-Names,' and supports Irving's suggestion that New York City should be Manhattan ; the state, Ontario; the Hudson, the Mohegan; and the United States, Appalachia. Sir Martin Conway's 'A Thousand Miles through the Alps' gives a stimulating account of ascents, beginning at the Col de Tenda and ending in the Austrian and Bavarian Tyrol. 'Some Portraits of Turner' is very curious.-The English Settlement of Canada,' which appears in Macmillan's, deals with historical events concerning which, recent as they are, very little knowledge exists in England. 'A Modern Sindbad' records recent adventures of a sufficiently surprising kind. 'Some Thoughts on Racine'

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CASSELL'S Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland, Part XXXIV., extends from Liddington Warren to Llanfihangel, and deals largely with Welsh names, such as Llandudno. Lincoln, the fine cathedral of which furnishes an illustration, is the place of most importance in the part.

Fotices to Correspondents.

We must call special attention to the following notices: ON all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith.

WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately.

To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rule. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate." A. V. GOUGH ("Lunar Calendar").-Has been forwarded to MR. NEILSON.

J. H. ("Rhedarium ").-Consult a Latin dictionary.

NOTICE.

Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries ""-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher"-at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C.

We beg leave to state that we decline to return com. munications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception.

LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 18, 1896.

CONTENT S.-N. 238.

NOTES:-Burns Bibliography, 41-Burns in Dumfries

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In the Third Series, 4 Jan., 1862, to 28 Dec., 1867, are:

Burns (Robert), and Andrew Horner, i. 147, 256; Burns in Fife-Burns's Love of Books, 42-Burns at the poetical Epistle to him, iii, 348, 413; and George IV. Plough-Linkumdoddie-Burns's Lass Burns Reliciv. 69; the drinking bout of The Whistle,' vi. 123 "A Daimen-icker," 43-Massinger T. Fuller, 44- poem, The Jolly Beggars,' viii. 355; supposed acquaint"Trouble"-Bunyan, 45-"It's a very good world," &c.- ance with old plays, 390, 485; and Nicholas Rowe, ix. M.P.s, 46-" Pony of Beef"-J. B. Taylor-Hair Folk-lore 25; 'Bibliotheca Burnsiana,' x. 7; The Caledonian -Steel Pens-Coleridge and Lytton, 47-Mary Stuart- Hunt's Delight,' xi. 158, 321; autograph of 'Bruce's "Clem "-St. Cornély, 48. QUERIES:-Drawn Battle-Scotch "Legend"-Berriman Address to his Troops at Bannockburn,' xii. 105, -Gray-Astrological Signatures, 49-Norman Charters'Gulliver's Travels'-"Marcella "-Inscription-"Irpe" Aerolites J. Payne-" Pushful "-Gordons, 50-Arms of Ipswich School-Armorial-John Norman-QuotationScrimshaw-'The Mill'-"Billingsgate," 51-Plague Stones-"Bombellieas," 52.

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The Fourth Series, 4 Jan., 1868, to 27 Dec., 1873, furnishes :

32; xii. 385; his watch, viii. 398; copy of Shakspeare and Blind Harry's 'Wallace,' ix. 236, 371, 392; and Nathaniel Hawthorne, x. 273, 359; and Highland Mary, lines in the 'American Spiritualist,' xi. 92, 143; his biographers, 215; snuff-boxes, xii. 7, 56, 96, 154.

Burns (Robert), inedited letter, i. 218; noticed, 552, 553; and the Thomson family, 283, 355, 429; anecdotes REPLIES:-Oxford in Early Times, 52-Umbriel-Fourth of him, ii. 483; iii. 117; v. 375; x. 409; portraits, iv. Earl Ferrers-G. Borrow-University-Grace Darling, 53 274, 318, 392, 395, 543; and Polly Stewart, v. 55; at Chinese Collection- Southwell MSS. Prebendary, Brownhill Inn, vi. 150; relics and letters, vii. 449; viii. Victoria-Victor Hugo-Lloyd-Knighthood, 54-" Bosch New Help to Discourse" Jemmy," 55-Spanish Motto-Boak, 56-Perris-Princess Leonora ChristinaThe Rover's Bride'-Thames or Isis, 57-Gainsborough -Florence-Osbaldeston - Church Brief-Changes in Country Life, 58-Wedding Ceremony-" Findy"-Play on Words-Haddow, 59-Chapel of Fulham Palace-Picture of Waterloo Dinner-American Universities-Tannachie-Flying Dutchman-Book of Common PrayerTom Paine, 60-Dog Stories-Spanish Armada-Burns Descendants-N. Stone - Maid Marian's Tomb, 61"Populist"-Foolscap-Drury Lane Theatre-Banishment of Earl of Somerset-Angelica Catalani, 62-Arresting a Body-Hugo's Désintéressement'-"Dead Men's Fingers"-Rough Lee Hall-Straps, 63-Steam CarriageGovernor-French Prisoners of War-Alderman CornishAuthors Wanted, 64.

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NOTES ON BOOKS:-Shilleto's Burton's Anatomy of
Melancholy'-Waugh's 'Johnson's Lives of the Poets,'
Vols. II., III., and IV.-Maurice's 'Bohemia'-Holmes's
'London Burial Grounds'-'Gentleman's Magazine
Library-English Topography'-Lane - Poole's
and Medals.'

Fotes.

Coins

A CONTRIBUTION TO BURNS BIBLIOGRAPHY. Now that we are commemorating the Burns centenary, a reference to the communications concerning the poet, many of them of pregnant interest, that have appeared in N. & Q.' may be acceptable to readers.

The First Series, 3 Nov., 1849, to 29 Dec., 1855, supplies the following:

Burns (Robert), and Propertius, iv. 54; lines by him, i, 300; x. 521; relics, iv. 434, 486; supposed plagiary in the Vision,' iii. 206.

The Second Series, 5 Jan., 1856, to 28 Dec., 1861, gives :

Burns (Robert), inedited poetry, ii, 506; punch-bowl, iv. 454; his centenary, vi. 496; vii. 146; death of his mother, vi. 529; grace after meat, 324; and Dr. Moor, vii. 453; first copy of his poems, 146; fugitive lines, 414; song, "A man's a man for a' that," 146, 184, 226, 266; Rev. John Dan's opinion of him, viii. 23; birthplace of Highland Mary, 380; MS. poems, ix. 24, 88; similarity of sentiment between him and others, x. 305, 397; The Jingler' attributed to him, 43, 158, 459 The Whistle,' date of the contest, x. 423; xi. 232, 337 unpublished lines, x 510; "Willie brewed a peck maut," xi. 807, 356, 377.

Burnsiana.

'Auld Lang Syne,' error in, vii. 386, 501; viii, 55;
xii. 75

"Black's your coat," &c., vii. 451; viii, 32
'Bonnie Jean,' iii, 592

"Clouts," xi. 116, 161, 309, 455

'Gallant Weaver,' v. 117, 261

Horace and Burns, xii. 5

'John Barleycorn,' iv. 274

Lines attributed to him, iii. 171, 254
Motto to his 'Poems,' v. 314, 391

On the death of Sir James Hunter Blair, v. 593
Original pieces, ix. 317

Parallel passages, ix. 158, 285, 329, 475, 523; xi. 460
xii. 5, 25, 66

Poem, unpublished, ii. 339, 899, 476, 477, 537, 614; iii. 37, 117, 516; v. 547

Poems, review of them, iv. 252, 326; motto to, v. 314, 391; edit. of 1821, viii, 165, 234; early editions, x. 387, 456; xi. 26, 106

"'Prentice han'," ix. 91, 170, 229

"Richt gude-willie waucht," vii. 386, 501; viii. 55;
xii. 75

'Rival Rhymes in Honour of Burns,' vi. 196, 265
'Roy's Wife of Aldivalloch,' iii. 281, 396; xi. 25, 185,
225, 226, 263, 349, 489; Latin version, ix. 507; x. 38
Skylark allusions, xi. 323, 348

Songs, six unpublished, xii. 470

Stanza, unpublished, iii. 281, 396; xi, 226, 263, 349, 489
Sterne (Lawrence) and Burns, xii. 66

"Tam o' Shanter,' i. 508, 565, 614; ii. 309; viii, 186
Text of his works, viii, 161

To the Potato,' iv. 371, 464

"Welcome to your gory bed," &c., viii. 424
Works, viii. 409

Wycherley (Wm.) and Burns, ii. 200, 285, 332; xii. 25
"Your pin wad help to mend a mill," viii. 336, 424,
533; ix. 79, 144

In the Fifth Series, 3 Jan., 1874, to 27 Dec., 1879, appear :

Burns (Robert), at Brownhill Inn, i. 235, 359; his autograph, i. 288; ii. 11, 72, 196; as an excise officer, iii. 180; and the Doon Bridges, iv. 126, 253; Carlyle on, v. 8, 372; vi. 177; at the trial of Mr. Miller's steamboat, v. 247, 275, 317; his Edinburgh private journal, ix. 341.

Burnsiana.

'Bard's Epitaph,' MS. of, vi. 460 "Coming thro' the Rye,' v. 87, 116, 150, 191, 309, 350 Glenriddell MSS., iii. 121

Lines ascribed to Burns, ii. 425, 523

"O bonnie lass, it grieves me sair," xii. 307
'Ode on the American War,' i. 242
Parallel passages, ii. 31, 158: xii. 426
Poems, early editions, iii, 136
Songs, unpublished, i. 29

Sterne (Laurence) and Burns, i. 161

The Merry Muses of Caledonia,' i. 29

"The rank is but the guinea's stamp," i. 164, 274;

xii. 426

"The wind blaws cauld o'er Dunnet Head," xii 68 Thomson (George) and Burns, ii. 407

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To Terraughty on his Birthday,' i. 283; ii. 11, 72, 196 "When I think on the happy days," ix. 425; x. 58 The Sixth Series, 3 Jan., 1880, to 26 Dec., 1885, has ::

Burns (Robert), "The rank is but the guinea's stamp," i. 25, 344; authenticity of 'Verses to my Bed,' 55, 146; and Dryden, ii. 205; his punch-bowl, iii. 107, 314; quotation by, iv. 9, 153; a contemporary, 47; original MSS., 86, 135; an undescribed edition, 168, 335; his friend John Murdoch, 365, 437; portrait by Skirving, 425, 475; early appreciation of him, v. 63, 134, 199, 333; letter, vii. 46; and violin music, 304; republished letter, ix. 25, 94; edition dedicated to the Caledonian Hunt, with memoir, x. 49; line in his address 'To a Louse,' 330; his 'Joyful Widower,' x. 409, 502; xi. 74, 174; date of his birth, xii. 387, 473; prose version of Tam o' Shanter,'

486.

The Seventh Series, 2 Jan., 1886, to 26 Dec., 1891, gives :

Burns (Robert), his birth, i. 15, 73; Tam o' Shanter in a Derbyshire story. iii. 305, 417; Wordsworth on, iii. 427; iv. 97; unpublished letters, iv. 23, 323; relics in the Burns Museum, Edinburgh, 166; first edition of his Poems, vi. 146, 275; article on, by R. L. S., vii. 308, 355; Concordance, by J. B. Reid, 419; his portrait by Nasmyth, viii. 247, 416, 421, 481; his "Of a' the airts," ix. 46, 494; portrait by Hardie, 53; his Address to the Deil, 149; facsimile of his signature, 405; Italian version of My Heart's in the Highlands,' 443; The Joyful Widower' a plagiarism, ix. 465; x. 36, 56; Down the Burn, Davie, xi. 104, 197; as a character in novels, 148; his sonnets, 228, 352; John Anderson my Jo,' 293, 485; portrait by Miers, xii. 268, 371; other portraits, 280, 373, 487; his seals, 427, 515.

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Since then, in the Eighth Series, have appeared the following:

Burns (Robert), his portraits, i. 58, 190, 404; ii. 428; iii. 29, 95, 151; ix. 304, 376; his seals, i. 77; epigram and song, missing lines, i. 475; ii. 14; first edition of his 'Poems, ii. 168, 199, 210; and Coleridge, 164; bibliography, 174; translations, 327; pictures founded on bis poems, ii. 428, 451, 472; iii. 11, 196; on woman as a work of nature, iv. 486; misquoted as "Mr. Burn," vii. 406; and Robert Semple, viii. 205, 373, 515; ix. 75; his last descendant, ix, 226, 392,

H. T.

BURNS IN DUMFRIES.-About ten years ago I met in Dumfries a venerable lady who told me that her mother had vivid recollections of Burns. As a child she frequently saw him in the evenings at her father's fireside, and heard him entertaining

the social circle with fluent and merry talk. There invariably came a stage in the proceedings at which the matron of the household sent the youthful members of the family "ben the hoose,” for "it wasna' richt," said the narrator, "that they should hear a' Robbie's nonsense." He might be a very clever poet, she gravely admitted, "but he was gey an' weel kent in Dumfries, an' folk had their ain thochts aboot him." Like Principal Shairp, my venerable friend was inclined to think that the exaggerated praise of Burns had gone too far. THOMAS BAYNE. Helensburgh, N.B.

BURNS IN FIFESHIRE.-A very clever anonymous diarist, in the admirable Cornhill for July, has a fling at the Scottish accent. His Scotch governess, he avers, asked him one day if he liked buns, and then explained that she meant "the poet 'Buns.' He then proceeds thus :

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As a Fifer, I strenuously protest against this insinuation. The governess may, of course, hail from Fife, but her pronunciation of the national poet's name certainly does not illustrate Fife practice. We may drawl a little in our mode of speaking, but we do not fail to give value to the r, unless we, unfortunately, wax affected, when there is no limit to absurdity. A worthy Fife farmer recently told me that he had known respectable young tradesmen-masons, joiners, and the likereturn to his neighbourhood after a few months' sojourn in England, and then they addressed him in an unknown tongue. The author of the 'Private Diary' had better consider this in looking for an explanation of the woful corruption that has exercised him. THOMAS BAyne.

Helensburgh, N.B.

BURNS AND HIS LOVE OF BOOKS.-The diffusion of knowledge was a favourite object with Burns. For this he established his reading and debating clubs in the west, and in the same spirit he desired to excite a love of literature among the peasants of Dunscore. He undertook the management of a small parochial library, and wrote out the rules. Mr. Riddell, of Friars-Carse, and other gentlemen, contributed money and books. The library commenced briskly, but soon languished. The poet could not always be present at the meetings; the subscribers lived far apart; disputes and disunion crept in, and it died away like a flower which fades for want of watering. Burns alludes ironically to the scheme in one of his letters. "Wisdom," he averred, "might be gained by the mere handling of books." His letters to the booksellers on the sub

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ject of this subscription library do him much honour; his choice of authors, which business was actually left to his discretion, being in the highest degree judicious.

Such institutions are now common, indeed almost universal, in the rural districts of Southern Scotland, but it should never be forgotten that Burns was among the first, if not the very first, to set the example. "He was so good," says Mr. Riddell, "as to take the whole management of this concern; he was treasurer, librarian, and censor, to our little society, which will long have a grateful sense of his public spirit and exertions for its improvement and information" (vide 'The Works of Robert Burns,' p. 98, London, Henry G. Bohn, 1860):

What bird in beauty, flight, or song,
Can with the bard compare,
Who sang as sweet and soar'd as strong
As ever child of air?

Peace to the dead !-In Scotia's choir

Of minstrels great and small,
He sprang from his spontaneous fire
The Phoenix of them all!

Clapham, S.W.

HENRY GERALD HOPE.

BURNS AT THE PLOUGH.-In the elaboration

of his stately lyric 'Resolution and Independence' Wordsworth suddenly lights up his theme with two concrete examples, in lines that now constitute a popular quotation :

I thought of Chatterton, the marvellous boy, The sleepless soul that perished in his pride; Of him who walked in glory and in joy Following his plough, along the mountain-side. A smart critic, whose name at the moment escapes the memory, but whose raids into literature are said to be admired, recently waxed merry over this matter at Wordsworth's expense. Ploughmen, he learnedly observed, do not pursue their avocations on the slopes of mountains. Undoubtedly that may be so, and yet Wordsworth's position may be defensible. Burns was ploughing when he paused before a wild flower, and apostrophized it in an immortal ode, which he entitles 'To a Mountain Daisy.' He must have had a reason for employing the epithet, and his most intelligent readers will understand him. Meanwhile, cheap merriment over Wordsworth, while intrinsically futile, may mislead the unwary, and it should, therefore, be unsparingly proclaimed. Helensburgh, N.B.

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THOMAS BAYNE.

Willie Wastle dwalt on Tweed,

The spot they ca'd it Linkumdoddie.

In an article in one of the Scotch newspapers giving an account of the water-works now in course of construction near Tweedmuir there was a sketch of a gate and two trees, a little below where the Polmood Burn joins the Tweed; this was said to be

the site of Willie Wastle's cottage. I should like to know on what authority this statement rests. H. FISHWICK.

ROBBIE BURNS'S LASS.-A genial and witty Glasgow bailie, who passed away some years ago, made a reputation for himself on the bench as a distinctly original, patient, and laborious policejudge. The sphere of his jurisdiction included the district in which his great predecessor, Bailie Jarvie, was wont to disport himself with so much selfconsciousness and winning unction, and therefore he had some strange cases to consider. One Monday morning a disorderly of the previous Saturday night was called, under the name of Jean Armour, to stand forth and be charged. The panel's name touched the magistrate's imagination at once, and gave him pause. He could not think, he said, to sentence one with the name of Robbie Burns's lass, and therefore he would dismiss the accused with a caution. On retiring the astonished culprit vehemently thanked the judge, and exclaimed, with gay surprise, "My certy, Robbie Burns has done me a gude turn this time."

Helensburgh, N.B.

THOMAS BAYNE.

INTERESTING BURNS RELIC.-The following appeared in the Scotsman of 9 July:

Exhibition at Glasgow a book in the possession of Mrs. "Dr. Alston, of Airdrie, has forwarded to the Burns Kidd, Drumgarland, which belonged to the poet Burns. The book is a volume of Cicero's Select Orations,' and bears the following inscription in the poet's own handwriting on the flyleaf: 'Edinburgh, 23d April 1787. This book, a present from the truly worthy and learned Dr. the gratitude, esteem, and veneration I bear to the donor. Gregory, I shall preserve to my latest hour as a mark of So help me God! ROBERT BURNS,' The Dr. John Gregory referred to was professor of the practice of medicine in the University of Edinburgh from 1766 to 1792." THOMAS BAYNE.

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Helensburgh, N.B.

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'S a sma' request.

On which Mr. Jacks, in his recent work on 'Robert Burns in other Tongues,' remarks, p. 407: "As is known, 'a daimen-icker' is the smaller of two grains in a husk of oats, the larger one being the daimen." For this he gives no authority, and there seems no sufficient distinction in the names of the smaller and the larger grain. Icker, of course, =ear. But it is probable that any one really familiar with the local dialect of Ayrshire rustics might give us the correct interpretation. Dr. Murray and Jamieson and all the glossarists interpret a casual ear," 99 66 an ear now and then." Dr. Murray has only one (subsequent) analogue, from Galt, I think, from recollection, otherwise it

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