grateful testimonies of regard which the citizens of Bristol annually pay to the memory of the late eminent and charitable Edward Colston, Esq., are as honourable to themselves, as they are respectful to that exalted character; and time seems not in the least to abate their veneration for him. On Thursday, Nov. 20th, the anniversary of his birthday, the bells of the different parishes, were rung throughout the day, and the societies instituted for the commemoration of it, and for imitating his exemplary munificence, met as usual, and liberally contributed towards the relief of their necessitous fellowcreatures, by raising among them £694 for that benevolent purpose.

YORKSHIRE.

Water in Sheep.--It has been often remarked how little the disorders incident to sheep, are ever known in sheep countries. The common shepherds keep pace with the common farriers, and only observe that the animals have always died, and they cannot help it. A farmer near Kilham in Yorkshire, turned his flock of sheep into a field of turnips he had hired, which were remarkably strong and good. In a short time he lost 20 of them by the disorder called the water. He grew so alarmed, that he removed his sheep, and would not permit them to eat any more turnips. On this, the owner of the land remonstrated and insisted on the turnips being eaten on the ground, After some little time and altercation, the farmer brought back his flock, and six more of them died. On this he took his final leave of the

turnips and said “ they killed sheep, and he would have nothing more to do with them."

The owner of the land had them publickly cried, but the turnips had got so bad a name, that with no little difficulty they were let at half price.

The next farmer sent in his sheep, and in a short time lost about eight or ten. On this second disaster the reputation of the turnips was gone entirely, and a farmer had the offer of them for nothing, provided he would eat them up, to which he agreed.

He sent there 630 sheep, so that the exThe periment was a very full and fair one. method he pursued he heard of in Northumberland. As soon as the sheep had filled

themselves with the turnips, he made his shepherd go among them and move them about. They voided in consequence a good. deal of water. He did this for some days, at stated intervals, and sometimes made his shepherd go among them in the middle of the night. By this method they were never suffered to lie long, and swell with what they had eaten. The consequence of this proceeding was, that after eating up the whole of these faulty turnips, he removed his 630 sheep, all in good condition; without the loss of a single sheep.

Two circumstances may be deduced from the above experiments: the complaint of the water which so frequently kills sheep when put out to turnips, arises from their gorging themselves with this watery food, and then continuing without exercise to carry off the beginning of the complaint; the second, that this method may tend to prevent the disorder, at the small expense of a little trouble to the shepherd. Should this method prove on trial, as successful as the experiment gives hope, the farmer will have many reapublic will be obliged by the communication. sons to thank the man who tried it, and the

WALES.

New species of Cotton.-A manufactory of a new species of cotton, the invention of an Irish gentleman is about to be established in the neighbourhood of Llanelly.

IRELAND.

Bedford Asylum. November 28, his Grace the Duke of Bedford visited the house of industry in Dublin, and laid the first stone of a building for the reception of 1000 poor children of every religious denomination. His Grace was pleased to permit it to be called the Bedford Asylum. We are gratified in reflecting, that by the increase of these establishments for the education of youth, in honest, active industry, and by the extirpation of religious prejudices, those distinctions which have been hitherto a wall of separation, dividing man from man, will in time be done away and give place to a more enlightened policy, and more enlarged benevolence, under the protecting patronage of our revered viceroy.

Irish language in Down.-Mr. Harris in his History of the County of Down, says "the Irish tongue is in a manner banished from among the common people, and what little of it is spoken, can be heard only among the inferior ranks of Catholics; and even that little diminishes every day, by the great desire the poor natives have, that their children should be taught to read and write the English tongue, in the charter or other protestant schools, to which they willingly send them." Compare Mr. Carr's opinion, Panorama, p. 698.

Lord Valentia's Return from his Scientific Voyage to India, the Red Sea, &c. and Mr. Salt from Abyssinia.

Lord Viscount Valentia has recently arrived in London on his return from India, by the way of Suez, with his secretary Mr. Salt, after nearly five years absence from England in various parts of India.

His Lordship made some months stay on the coast of the Red Sea, and parts adjacent, and has made some valuable charts of those different places. His Lordship had by order of the government of India the Panther, Company's cruiser, captain Court, to assist him. Mr. Salt made an excursion into Abyssinia with Major Arundel of the Honourable Company's service, as far as the capital, Gondar. Lord Valentia's state of health at that period, would not permit him to accompany Mr. Salt. The Public will be gratified by much valuable information collected by his lordship during this long, laborious, and laudable research.

A young Abyssinian prince is in his lordship's suite, who is a near relation of Negade Ras Mahomet, one of the principal officers of state, so often mentioned by Mr. Bruce in his travels, as being his friend. This young prince appears to be possessed of great natural endowments, and is anxious to become acquainted with the manners and customs of Great Britain.

Calorifere, Properties of a Good Stove. Many attempts have been made, with alternate success and disappointment, to improve the means of varying the temperature of the atmosphere in our houses; and it is well known, that the rousing English fire is the common topic of ridicule and contempt among our northern neighbours, who prefer the stove to the broad chimney, and glowing combustibles, so indicative of British hospitality. It must be confessed that our partial adherence to ancient custom, in preference to modern ingenuity, is not always justifiable. The Swedes were the first who discovered (in 1766) the method of animating the flame by concealed tubes, which gave also the additional advantage of conveying away the noxious vapour with which all materials for domestic burning are impregnated. But whatever may be the objections to which that contrivance is liable, they have been all obviated by the discovery of a person of the name of Oliver, whose invention has been laid before the national institute of Paris by Mr. Guyton.

This Calorifere (such is the name it has re. ceived) possesses the following recommendati

Polyantography. Impressions from stone.

Among the patents lately obtained is one for a very important art called Polyantography, or the art of taking impressions from drawings made on a stone, without any engraving. It appears from the specification, that the drawings may be made with a pen and a particular kind of ink, and with chalk prepared for the purpose, with the same facility and freedom as on paper. By a simple chemical process the drawing is rendered capable of yielding a greater number of impressions than any copper-plate; and these impressions must necessarily be fac-similes of the original drawings. A specimen of the engravings has appeared and several artists in London are employed in continuing the work.

Artemisia Absinthium used as Hops.

In some parts of the kingdom, where the artemisia absinthium grows in abundance, it is used instead of hops, having the peculiar quality of destroying acescency in beer grown hard for want of them.-The leaves of the same plant, steeped in boiling water and repeatedly applied to a recent bruize, removes the pain, and prevents the discolouration of the part.

Effects of Sea Salt as Manure.

Mr. Arthur Young, the father of the agris cultural science in England, after many experiments and observations on the subject, affirms, that sea-salt acts as a very powerful manure, especially when added to dung. He says also, that very considerable benefit has been found from the application of sea-water to vegetables; and that when mixed with dung, or compost dunghills, it possesses a septic power that promotes putrefaction.

We see

POLITICAL PERISCOPE. MANY and dissimilar are the emotions of mind, which occupy a calm and dispassionate temper, when reflecting on the state of public affairs, as they concern our own country, or the world, at large. We see on one hand our enemy prospered in his undertakings hiherto, after a manner entirely unprecedented: yet we see ourselves, the chief object of his rancour, no less wonderfully preserved from the consequences of his fury. powers, formerly thought of the first magnitude, and whose very note of preparation," was dreaded by their neighbours, annihilated, as it were, in a moment; yet Britain after a long period of combat, becomes rather inured to war, and this island, to which her opponents with reluctance ascribe the dignity of a power of the second rank, maintains the conflict against that colossal augmentation of strength, which subjugates Europe. We see the comforts of life, snatched from the lips of many thousands of subjects to states not long since independent and powerful; yet no sense of want has prevailed in this country, though long acknowleded to be unable to supply her own necessities. We see our enemy panting after the acquisition of SHIPS, COLONIES, and COMMERCE, led by every acquisition further off from obtaining them, directing all his efforts to quarters where those objects are not to be procured; while Britain is almost glutted with distant possessions, and her very acquisitions are beheld with sentiments not absolutely the offspring of complacency. If we consider the different employments of the population, appertaining to the contending powers, one is drawn off for military services, to contract habits of life utterly unprofitable to the nation, in future years, even if permitted to return in safety home: the other is either following its customary occupation on land, or, employed in marine adventures, is acquiring that knowledge which will render the individual useful, and be the means of his maintenance after his immediate engagements are expired. What will Buonaparté do with his soldiers after he has accomplished his perposes by their means? Disband them. Will their military hnowledge become their future support? No. They will be the worse husbandmen, artisans, artists, mechanics; they have every atom of such professions to learn, and not a single rudiment of either, can have been taught them. Will the sailors of Beitain be at a loss for employment when peace permits them to be discharged from their ships? No: they will only change their employers, and after a short interval, will navigate merchant vessels, instead of men of war. They will still man our ships, still trade to our colonies, still convey our commerce; and thus VOL. I. [Lit. Pan, Jan. 1807]

popu

the essential strength of this nation, its lation, will be preserved to it, unbroken, and almost undiminished, till the course of nature removes our gallant seamen, as it removes all mankind, to the land of perpetual repose.

But, without presuming to anticipate the ter mination of the contest, our attention is sufficiently attracted by the occurrences of the moment. If we divide these into foreign, and domestic, we shall find in either division sufficient matter for serious reflection.

Buonaparte tells the world, that he has annihilated the power of Prussia: there is no relying on French representations; but, supposing it to be so, how far does the fact affect Great Britain? In a political view; not far. Because, 1. Prussia, from its situation, never was a power on which we placed a principal reliance. 2. It has of late years been a power on which we placed no reliance. 3. It was at the time of commencing its war with France, in a state of enmity against us: of course reliance of any kind for services was out of the question." If we had not influence enough on her councils to preserve her amity; if we harboured well founded distrust rather than confidence; if her promises, her conventions, her treaties, her engagements, could not hold her, what injury do we sustain in her loss? However destructive to herself, however calamitous to Europe, her present

fate

may be, the event was long anticipated by those among us who could combine effects with their causes. What we actually be hold, hardly reaches the full extent of what many a mind had confidently expected. There is another consideration distinct, yet connected with this subject. The suddenness of the Prussian overthrow is of the utmost advantage to Britain. It has suffered us to entertain no false hopes; we have not been amused by alternate success and defeat; we have not been induced to send men, or money, to form subsi-liary treaties, to linger out our expectations. We are so far, whole and unbroken; our army is not diminished by a single batallion; our treasury is not drained of a single guinea. The enemy follows ins course eastward, and even his growls are heard at still further and further distances. The voice of this Providence cannot be mistaken, Britain look to yourself: depend on yourself: employ your own means: advert to your own experience: exercise your own sa gacity: and build no trust on assistance procurable from others. Banish fear, falsehood, and faction. Rouse every energy; improve the interval allotted you; while you hope the best, prepare for the worst: and having long boasted of your freedon, and vauntedof what freemen can do, justify those boasts by your readiness and alacrity; meet events with promptitude, and sustain them with

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constancy."

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