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ANALYSIS OF SENTENCES

BY THE CHART.

EXERCISES ON THE CHART

The following exercises will exhibit the proper method of using the Chart in Etymological parsing.

If the large Chart is used, the attention of the whole class should be directed to it-one of the students using a "pointer" as he repeats the construction of each word, according to the formulæ given below.

It is well for beginners in Etymological parsing to have the sentence to be parsed, first placed in Diagram on the black-board.

In the following exercises, the words or parts of words which are printed in CAPITALS, may be found on the Chart.

1. Animals run.

Animals... Part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-SUBJECT-WORD -NOUN-COM. (common)—MAS. (masculine) Gender-THIRD Person-PLUR. (plural) Number-NOMINATIVE Case.

Run

....... Part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-PREDICATE-VERE -INDICATIVE Mode-PRESENT Tense.

Mary........ Part of the

Is reading

2. Mary is reading.

NCE-PRINCIPAL PART-SUBJECT-WORD
-NOUN-PROR-FEN. (feminine) Gender---THIRD Per-
son-SING. (singular) Number-NOMINATIVE Case.
.Part of the SENTENCE PRINCIPAL PART-PREDICATE-
VERB and PART. (participle)—Verb is in the INDICATIVE
Mode-PRESENT Tense.

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Reading...... Part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-used in PREDICAT. (predication) with "is."

3. He might have been respected.

.. Part of the SENTENCE PRINCIPAL PART-SUBJECT –
WORD -
PRON. (pronoun) — PERS. (personal) — MAS.
(masculine) Gender-THIRD Person-SING. (singular)
Number-NOMINATIVE Case.

Might have

been respected

His.... Palsied.

Hand

Part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-FREDICATE— (two VERBS and two PART. (participles)—Verb is in the POTENTIAL. Mode-PRIOR PAST Tense.

4. His palsied hand waxed strong.

Part of the SENTENCE-ADJUNCT-PRIMARY-WORD-AD-
JECTIVE-SPEC. (specifying)-POSSES. (possessive.)
Part of the SENTENCE-ADJUNCT-PRIMARY-WORD-AD-
JECTIVE-VERBAL-INTRAN. (intransitive.)

Part of the SENTENCE

PRINCIPAL PART-SUBJECT – WORD-NOUN-COM. (common)-NEUT. (neuter) Gender-THIRD Person-SING. (singular) Number-NOMINATIVE Case.

Waxed strong.. Part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-PREDICATE— ERB and ADJ. (adjective)-VERB is in the INdicative Mode-PAST Tense.

Strong.....

Part of the SENTENCE-ADJ. (adjective)-used in PRE-
DICAT. (predication) with "waxed."

5. That good men sometimes commit faults cannot be denied.

That good men

sometimes

commit faults

is a part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-SUBJECT SENTENCE

(transitive.)

SUBSTANTIVE-SIMPLE-TRANS.

Cannot be denied...is a part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-PREDICATE (two VERBS and a PART. (participle)—Verb is in the POTENTIAL Mode-PRESENT Ter se.

Not....

He

......

.is a part of the SENTENCE - Adjunct -PRIMARY -WORD-ADVERB of Negation.

6. He hears the thunder ere the tempest lowers.

Hears.......

The......

Thunder

Ere the

......

.is a part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-SUBJECT
-WORD-PRON. (pronoun)-PERS. (personal)-MAS.
(masculine) Gender-THIRD Person-SING. (singular)
Number-NOMINATIVE Case.

is a part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-PREDI-
CATE VERB-INDICATIVE Mode-PRESENT Tense.
is a part of the SENTENCE-ADJUNCT-PRIMARY-WORD
—ADJ. (adjective)—SPEC. (specifying)—PURE.

is a part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-OBJECT
-WORD--NOUN-COM. (common)-NEUT. (neuter) Gen-
der-THIRD Person-SING. (singular) Number-OBJECT-
IVE Case.

is a part of the SENTENCE-ADJUNCT-PRIMARY-SENtempest lowers TENCE-ADV. (adverbial) — SIMP. (simple) — INTRANS (intransitive.)

7. Too low they build who build beneath the stars. Too........is a part of the SENTENCE-ADJUNCT-SECONDARY-WORD -ADVERB-of degree.

Low........is a part of the SENTENCE-ADJUNCT-PRIMARY-WORDADVERB of Place.

They........is a part of the SENTENCE

- PRINCIPAL PART-SUBJECTWORD-PRON. (pronoun)-PERS. (personal)-MAS. (masculine) Gender-THIRD Person-PLUR. (plural) NumberNOMINATIVE Case.

Build.......is a part of the SENTENCE. PRINCIPAL PART-PREDICATE -VERB-INDICATIVE Mode-PRESENT Tense.

Who build beneath the

stars Who

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is a part of the SENTENCE-ADJUNCT-PRIMARY-SENTENCE -ADJECT. (adjective)-SIMPLE-INTRANS. (intransitive.)

.is a part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-SUBJECTWORD-PRON. (pronoun)—REL. (relative) — MAS. (mascu line) Gender-THIRD Person-PLUR. (plural) NumberNOMINATIVE Case.

Build..... is a part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-PREDICATEVERB INDICATIVE Mode-PRESENT Tense.

Beneath...is a part of the SENTENCE-ADJUNCT-SECONDARY-PHRASE the stars.. ADv. (adverbial)-PREP. (prepositional)--INTRAN. (intransitive.)

8. "Scaling yonder peak,

I saw an eagle, wheeling near its brow."

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a PHRASE-ADJECT. (adjective)-PART. (participial)— TRANS. (transitive.)

.is a part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-SUBJECT -WORD-PRON. (pronoun)-PERS. (personal)—MAS. (masculine) Gender -FIRST Person SING. (singular) Number-NOMINATIVE Case.

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.is a part of the SENTENCE PRINCIPAL PART-PREDICATE-VERB-INDICATIVE Mode - PAST Tense.

is a part of the SENTENCE-an ADJUNCT-PRIMARY-
WORD-ADJECTIVE-SPEC. (specifying)—Pure.

is a part of the SENTENCE-PRINCIPAL PART-OBJECT
-WORD-NOUN-COм. (common)-MAS. (masculine)
Gender-THIRD Person-SING. (singular) Number-OB-
JECTIVE Case.

is a part of the SENTENCE-an ADJUNCT-PRimary-
PHRASE-ADJECT. (adjective)-PART. ( participial)—IN-
TRAN. (intransitive.)

PHRASE

Near its brow...is a part of the SENTENCE-an ADJUNCT-SecondaryADV. (adverbial) - PREP. (prepositional) — INTRAN. (intransitive.)

Rem. In the Analysis of a Complex Sentence [see Def. 33] an Auxiliary Sentence is found to perform an individual office, and accordingly it is parsed as one Etymological element of the Principal Sentence. After it has been thus parsed, it may itself be analyzed, and the words

and phrases of which it is composed be parsed according to their respective offices. The same Remark is applicable to Phrases. [See Exercise 7, above, and 2, below.]

In.

The

ANALYSIS OF PHRASES BY THE CHART.

Exercises.

1. In the beginning [a Prepositional Phrase].

is a part of the PHRASE-PRINCIPAL PART-the LEADER-a PREP. (preposition.)

is a part of the PHRASE-an ADJUNCT--WORD--ADJ. (adjective.) Beginning..is a part of the PHRASE-PRINCIPAL PART-the SUBSEQUENT -a WORD-NOUN-OBJECT.

2. "Scaling yonder peak" [a Participial Phrase].

Scaling..is a part of the PHRASE-PRINCIPAL PART-the LEADER-a PART. (participle)-TRANS. (transitive.)

Yonder...is a part of the PHRASE-an ADJUNCT-WORD-ADJ. (adjective.) Peak..... is a part of the PHRASE-PRINCIPAL PART-the SUBSEQUENT a WORD-NOUN-OBJECT.

3. "The time having arrived" [an Independent Phrase].

The....
Time.....

.is a part of the PHRASE-an ADJUNCT-WORD-ADJ. (adjective.)

is a part of the PHRASE-PRINCIPAL PART-the LEADER -a NOUN-INDEPENDENT Case.

Having arrived..is a part of the PHRASE-PRINCIPAL PART-the SUBSEQUENT―a PART. (participle)—INTRAN. (intransitive.)

4. To bestow many favors [an Infinitive Phrase].

To......is a part of the PHRASE-PRINCIPAL PART-the LEADER-a PREP. (preposition.)

Bestow..is a part of the PHRASE-PRINCIPAL PART-a part of the SUBSE-
QUENT-a VERB-INFIN. (infinitive) Mode-TRANS. (transitive.)
Many...is a part of the PHRASE-an ADJUNCT-ADJ. (adjective.)
Favors.. is a part of the PHRASE-PRINCIPAL PART-a part of the SUBSE-
QUENT OBJECT-WORD-NOUN.

Rem.-Exercises like the above are well calculated to prepare the student for Exercises in Syntax; and when he shall have learned the Rules of Syntax, he should combine the above Exercises with the application of those Rules.

THE SUBJECT OF A SENTENCE.

Rule 1. The Subject of a Sentence must be in the Nominative Case.

SUBJECT

OBS. 1.-The Subject of a Sentence may be a Noun, Pronoun, Phrase, or Sentence.

EXAMPLES-1. A Noun..... Virtue secures happiness.

2. A Pronoun.."He plants his footsteps in the sea."

3. A Phrase.. ..."To be able to read well, is a valuable ac

complishment."

4. A Sentence.. That good men sometimes commit faults, cannot be denied.

OBS. 2. The subject of an imperative verb is commonly understood.

EXAMPLE "[ ] Take each man's censure, but [ ] reserve thy judg 22 ment.

OBS. 3. It is often expressed.

EXAMPLE "GO ye into all the world."

OBS. 4.-It is sometimes accompanied by an explanatory word. EXAMPLE" Ye rapid FLOODs, give way." [See "Independent Case."] POSITION OF THE NOMINATIVE.

NOTE I. In position, the nominative commonly precedes the verb.

EXAMPLES-Animals run. Resources are developed.

OBS. 1.—In Interrogative Sentences, it is placed after the verb, when the verb constitutes a complete predicate.

EXAMPLE "Heeds HE not the bursting anguish ?"

OBS. 2.-When the predicate consists of two verbs, or a verb and participle, adjective, noun, &c., the Nominative is placed after the first word of the predicate.

EXAMPLES IS HE injured? IS SHE kind? IS HE a scholar? Must I leave thee?

OBS. 3.-The Interrogatives who, which, and what, used as Subjects, precede their verbs.

EXAMPLES" WHO will show us any good?

"WHAT can compensate for loss of character."
"WHICH shall be taken first ?"

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