were burnt for impenitence. To per-|| sermon of one Jacob, who had been fect the plan, Philip created a swim-an Augustine monk, at Augsburgh, ming tribunal for the ocean, to exe- that he determined to enter into an cute heretics who might have taken argument with him. The conserefuge on that element. For this quence was, that he was enlightened purpose, a special commissioner of as to the true sense of the gospel, of spies was appointed, which employ- which, he now became a devoted ed all manner of tricks and circum- follower. He wrote various booksventions to compass their ends. All demanded of Charles V. perfect libships, and all bales of merchandise, erty of conscience for the protestants were strictly examined. When the in Spain ;-he was at last, taken by General Inspector came on board, treachery and burnt. he was received with the thunder of cannons and entertained in the most splendid manner. In a word, all Spain, and the countries depending on it, was converted into one vast torture room-one great Golgotha, in which every thing that fraud or violence could accomplish, was employed to remove every trace of the reformation. A third victim of fanaticism, and in some respects, the most interesting, was John Iliaz, a divine, equally venerable for his scientific acquirements, as for his quiet, simple piety. He was a native of Cuerca, and had studied in Spain. He went first to Paris, thence to Geneva, to Calvin, afterwards to Basle, and finally, to Strassburg, where he settled himself in 1546, and was on friendly terms with the reformer Martin Bucer. At Regensburg, he had a dispute with the Spanish priest: took a young nobleman of Savoy, Senarcle by name, to himself, as Jarmulus, and retired to Newburg, in the Palitinate, where he occupied himself in theological labors. Among the chief martyrs to the evangelical doctrine in Spain, must be reckoned the two brothers Francis and John Engiras, commonly called Dryanders, who were born at Burgos, in 1515. Both had studied in France and Germany. The latter, was the intimate friend of Melanchthon. John was burnt alive at Rome, and Francis vanished, with- Meanwhile, his brother Alphonso, out any one's knowing what was be-a most fanatical papist, and a judge come of him. of the tribunal of Rota at Rome, had Francis de San Rowans, was like-formed the resolution, either to gain wise a native of Burgos, and had him back to the Catholic religion, or been brought up in all the prejudices to put him to death. He, therefore, and superstition of his age and coun- undertook a journey to Germany, actry. He had devoted himself to companied by a bandit, who had pretrade, and in the course of his affairs, viously been an executioner. They visited Antwerp and Bremen. In arrived at Augsburgh, from whence,. the latter place, he accidentally came Alphonso went on to Newburg. All into a Lutheran church, and though his exhortations to shake his brothnot very perfect in the German lan-er's faith, proved vain. Apparently guage, he was so struck with the affected by his firmness, he sought to Roman Catholics in the U. States. 59 persuade him to go with him either]] and also had spread considerably in to Spain or Italy. John had partly Pennsylvania. After the peace of concluded to accompany Alphonso to 1783, Catholics from various parts of Italy, but was dissuaded by the strong the world resorted to the U. States representations of his friends. The in considerable numbers. Under other now sent for his companion- these circumstances, the Catholic gave him a sharp axe, and bid him clergy thought it expedient to make kill his brother with it-which took application to the Pope, for the erecplace in the morning of March 21st, tion of an episcopal see and the ap1546; the wretch, standing at the pointment of a Bishop. The choice foot of the stairs as centinel, while of the clergy fell on the Rev. Dr. this execrable fratricide was perpe- John Caroll, who was consecrated trated. Bishop in the year 1790. A brief sketch of the rise, progress, Taken from the Quarterly Register and Jour- In Maryland. By emigrations from Europe, the Roman Catholic population increased in Maryland, to such a degree, that Pope Pius VII. judged it expedient in 1808, to erect Baltimore into an Archiepiscopal see, and to establish four new suffragan dioceses in the U. States, viz.: Boston, New-York, Philadelphia, and Bardstown in Kentucky, King Charles I. granted in the year 1632, a large tract of land on the Chesapeake, to Lord Baltimore, There are now from fifteen to a Catholic nobleman, whose brother twenty Priests in Baltimore, incluColvert came here from England in ding those who are attached to their 1633, with about 200 emigrants, public institutions. They have one chiefly Catholics. They were from splendid cathedral, and five chapels, time to time, re-enforced by emi- in the city, and one large church is grants of the same religion, who fled located at Fells Point. The Cathofrom England, or from the other lic journals, estimate the Catholic American colonies on account of their population in Baltimore to amount to religious opinions. During the times 11,000 persons. In the District of of the commonwealth, the Roman Columbia, they have six churches.-Catholics were put down, and par- In the whole diocese, including the liamentary commissioners governed District of Columbia, there are 40 the colony until the year 1660, when churches and chapels, 3 convents, 2 the royal government was re-estab-colleges, 2 theological seminaries, 5 lished, and in general, the prevailing other seminaries of learning and acadparty in England, became also pre-emies, the number of scholars in dominant in the colony. The Catholic religion made but little progress from that time in Maryland, until the peace of 1783, tho' it had been introduced in Virginia, which, amounts to eleven or 12,000. The number of nuns in the 3 convents, amounts to at least 200. Bishopric of Boston. This diocese comprehends the six in 1808, and the Rt. Rev. Dr. Dubois is the present bishop. The number of Catholics in the city alone, amounts now to about 30,000; they have a spacious cathedral, and 5 oth New-England States. The early number amounted then to about 300 settlers in those States, took every persons. The diocese was organized possible precaution, to exclude Roman Catholics from their country.In the year 1783, the Rev. John Thayer, a native of Boston, abjured Protestantism and embraced the Roman faith. He went to Italy-re-er places of worship. In this dioceived priests orders, and after his re- cese, there are 12 churches and chapturn, labored as Missionary. But els, 5 Sunday schools, attended by previous to his return, emigrants had many [about 1000] scholars; an orarrived from Europe, and had form- phan asylum, and another charity ed a small congregation. Mass was school in New-York; the former is performed for the first time in New- under the direction of the sisters of England, in November, 1788. In charity, a branch of the institution at 1808, when Pius VII. erected the Emmetsburgh. In Albany, some bishopric of Boston, Dr. Cheverus nuns from Canada have opened a fewas appointed bishop, and consccra- male school, which is attended by ted in 1810. But after the restora- about 150 children. tion of the Bourbon family in France, Dr. Cheverus returned to that counThis diocese includes Pennsylvatry, and the Rt. Rev. Benedict Fen- nia, Delaware, and the southern part wick, of Maryland, a member of the of New-Jersey. The Catholic relisociety of Jesuits, is the present bish-gion was introduced in Pennsylvania op. The number of Catholics in N. as early as 1720. In Philadelphia, England, appears to be about 10,000. they constitute about one fifth of the They have 12 or 13 churches and whole population. There are about chapels, 1 convent, of the order of 25 or 30 churches in this diocese, the Ursuline, near Charlestown, on and one convent of young ladies near Mount St. Benedict; the number of Pittsburgh. The present bishop is nuns is 8, and a lady abbess. The the Rt. Rev. Dr. Conwell, but it is nuns keep a boarding-school, attend- administered by a vicar apostolic. ed by about 30 pupils. Besides this school in the convent, there are two seminaries of learning, in New-England, and a considerable number of Sunday schools, of which, one in Boston, is attended by 600 children. Bishopric of New-York. Bishopric of Philadelphia. Bishopric of Richmond. This diocese comprises the whole State of Virginia. It was separated from the diocese of Baltimore, in the year 1820. There is at present, no bishop in this diocese. The number of Roman Catholics is not great.This bishopric includes the State They have, however, churches in the of New-York, and the northern part principal towns or cities in Virginia. of New-Jersey. The first Catholic Bishopric of Charleston. church in this diocese was erected at The States of North-Carolina, New-York in 1800, for the accom-South-Carolina and Georgia, are commodation of that denomination, whose prehended in this diocese. The Rt. Roman Catholics in the U. States. 61 Rev. John England is the present|| The Rt. Rev. Dr. David, bishop of bishop, and vicar general of East- Mansicastro is coadjutor to the bishFlorida. There are about 7 church- op of Bardstown, the Rt. Rev. Dr. es in the diocese. The bishop and the priests residing at Charleston, style themselves the clergy of the city of Charleston. Bishopric of Mobile. It comprehends Alabama and West Florida was erected by the present Pope, and the Rt. Rev. Michael Porties was appointed bishop. At Mobile, about two thirds of the inhabitants are Roman Catholics. They have here a splendid cathedral, and a church at Pensacola. The Pope has granted 20,000 dollars to the bishop, to assist him in propagating the Roman faith. Bishopric of New-Orleans. Benedict Flaget. The see comprehends the states of Kentucky, Tennessee, Indiana, and Illinois. At Bardstown, there is an ecclesiastical seminary, and a college of 200 students. Near Springfield in the same state, is another flourishing college, and a convent of the Dominican order. Near Bardstown, the Sisters of Charity, a branch of the institution at Emmetsburg, have a large female school; they have, likewise, established many other schools in different parts of the state. The sisters of Loretto have an establishment near Bardstown, and four miles from that place, the brokers of St. Benedict have built a convent. In Tennessee are not many Catholics, but in Indiana and Illinois, they are fast in Bishopric of Cincinnati. This diocese comprehends the States of Louisiana and Mississippi. In Louisiana, the greater number of inhabitants are Roman Catholics.creasing in number. In Mississippi, they have but one church at Natchez. They have a flourishing college at New-Orleans, and 6 convents, to which schools are attached. The Rt. Rev. Dr. De Nehirie is bishop. Bishopric of St. Louis. This see was erected a few years since, and comprehends the state of Missouri, and the territory of Arkan sas. The Rt. Rev. Dr. Fenwick commenced his labors in Ohio, about 10 or 12 years ago. There was then, only 1 small unfinished chapel in the state, and Dr. Fenwick's congregation consisted of ten or eleven families, German and Irish, among whom were 5 communicants. In 1827, the number of communicants in Cincinnati alone, amounted to 300. A cathedral was erected and consecrated in 1826, and the present number of Catholics in the state of Ohio, accor The Rt. Rev. Dr. Rosatie, is the present bishop. There is one clerical seminary in Perry county, 4 convents, 1 college, and a number of schools for boys, which are well at-ding to the statement made at the last tended and patronised in the state of Missouri. In St. Louis is their cathedral; 2,000 of its inhabitants profess the Roman faith. Bishopric of Bardstown. This diocese was erected in 1808. great Catholic meeting at Baltimore, amounts to 15,000. The Sisters of Charity have just commenced operations in Cincinnati; they have a school there, attended by about 100 pupils. A nunnery has been estab lished, consisting of converted Pro-Lutheran Magazine. testant ladies. A theological seminary, has likewise been put in opera tion. Bishopric of Detroit. THURSDAY, JULY 1, 1830. Catechisation.-In our church, it is considered the official duty of every minister, to give catechetical instruction to the youth of his congregation, with a view of preparing them for the communion of the church; and this duty we consider so necessary and indispensable, that it should never be neglected, where It comprehends the territory of Michigan, and the North-Western region. The Rt. Rev. Mr. Richards has been appointed bishop. At Detroit, they have a cathedral and a Sunday school of about 150 scholars, in which the use of the Bible is prohibited. They are also zealously en-it can be performed. We are aware gaged in the conversion of the Indi- that several denominations of chrisans, and have a congregation of con- tians differ from us in their views on verts of the Ottowa tribe, at L'Ar- this subject. We know that there breersch, 45 miles from Mackinaw, are many pious and well disposed amounting to 300. Last winter they people, who have adopted a course made application to the United States in the religious education of their offgovernment for part of the $10,000 spring, very different from that which appropriated by congress for chris-is recommended in our church. We tianizing the Indians, and have suc- know, too, that there are individuals ceeded. Summary. who consider it the minister's duty, to receive them into the church without From this view of Catholicism in any previous instruction. If they the United States, we have the fol- have only experienced, what they lowing results:-There exists one call religion-if their minds have onarchiepiscopal see and 12 bishoprics, ly been excited by strong emotions under the inspection of one archbish- and enthusiastic feelings; no matter op, 9 bishops and 1 coadjutor. The how ignorant and inexperienced they number of priests is about 230. They may be in the first principles of chrishave 7 theological seminaries, 10 col- tianity, they consider themselves enleges and collegiate institutions, sev- titled to the privileges of saints, and eral academies for boys, 20 convents consequently, claim the right of befor nuns to which are attached female ing admitted into the church ;-and academies, two or three convents for this claim is but too often sanctionmonks of several orders, and accord-ed by ministers, who are in the habing to the estimate of the late Catho-it of receiving such persons upon the lic council at Baltimore, a population mere pretence of having experienced of 500,000 attached to the Roman religion, without ever having given faith in the United States. any evidence of it. Jahn's "History of the Hebrew Commonwealth," translated by C. E. Stowe, of Andover Seminary, has been republished in England. But whatever views others may entertain on this subject, we, as Lutherans, consider it a matter of great importance, that the young people in |