PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE:

COMPREHENDING

THE VARIOUS BRANCHES OF SCIENCE,

THE LIBERAL AND FINE ARTS,

AGRICULTURE, MANUFACTURES,

AND

COMMERCE.

BY ALEXANDER TILLOCH,

HONORARY MEMBER OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY, &c. &c. &c.

"Nec arancarum sane textus ideo melior quia ex se fila gignunt, nec noster
vilior quia ex alienis libamus ut apes." JUST. LIPS. Monit. Polit. lib. i. cap. 1.

VOL. XXXI.

For JUNE, JULY, AUGUST and SEPTEMBER, 1808.

LONDON:

PRINTED BY RICHARD TAYLOR AND CO., SHOE LANE:
And sold by RICHARDSON; CADELL and DAVIES; LONGMAN, HURST,
REES, and ORME; SYMONDS; VERNOR, HOOD, and SHARPE;
HARDING; HIGHLEY; London: BELL and BRADFUTE,
Edinburgh: BRASH & REID, and D. NIVEN, Glasgow:
and GILBERT and HODGES, Dublin.

1

1. DESCRIPTION of a new Eudiometer, invented by H.

DAVY, Esq., S. R. S., for the Combustion of Oxygen

and Hydrogen Gases. By R. KNIGHT, Esq.

II. Life of M. LE ROY

3

4

8

III. An Essay on Commerce, as at present carried on by

different Nations; with some Hints, which the Writer

thinks would tend greatly to the Advantage of every

Country. By Mr. JAMES GRAHAM, of Berwick-upon-

Tweed

IV. Analysis of the lately discovered Mineral Waters at

Cheltenham; and also of other Medicinal Springs in its

Neighbourhood. By FREDERICK ACCUM, M. R. I.A.

Operative Chemist, Lecturer on Practical Chemistry and

on Mineralogy and Pharmacy, &c.

14

28

V. Essay upon Machines in General. By M. CARNOT,

Member of the French Institute, &c. &c.

VI. On the Stratification of Matlock in Derbyshire, point-

ing out a Mistake of the late Mr. JOHN WHITEHURST,

relative thereto; and on the Transmutation of Lime to

Silex. By Mr. JOHN FAREY, Mineralogical Surveyor. 36

VII. On Malting. By JOHN CARR, Esq.

41

VIII. Chemical Examination of the Pollen or the fecunda-

ting Dust of the Date Tree of Egypt-Phoenix dacty-

lifera. By A. F. FOURCROY

IX. On Chemical Nomenclature

51

66

X. On the Light emitted by Silver in a State of Combustion 67

XI. On the Union of Gases

68

XII. Report of Surgical Cases in the City and Finsbury

Dispensaries for December 1807. By JOHN TAUN-

TON, Esq.

..

70

XV. Intelligence and Miscellaneous Articles

76

XVI. Analysis of the lately discovered Mineral Waters at

Cheltenham; and also of other Medicinal Springs in its

Neighbourhood. By FREDERICK ACCUM, M. R. I. A.

Operative Chemist, Lecturer on Practical Chemistry and

on Mineralogy and Pharmacy, &c.

81

93

XVII. On Malting. By JOHN CARR, Esq.

XVIII. On Oxalic Acid. By THOMAS THOMSON, M.D.

F.R.S. Ed. Communicated by CHARLES HATCHETT,

Esq., F.R.S.

102

111

120

XIX. Hints respecting Women's and Children's Clothes

catching Fire

XX. On the Chinese Method of propagating Fruit-trees

by Abscission. By Dr. JAMES HowISON, London 114

XXI. Description of a Gauge for measuring Standing

Timber. By Mr. JAMES BROAD, of Downing Street 117

XXII. Description of a Balance Level, useful for laying

out Land for Irrigation, for Roads, and for other Purposes.

By Mr. RICHARD DREW, of Great Ormond Street

XXIII. Description of a new Method of rearing Poultry to

Advantage. By Mrs. HANNAH D'ÖYLEY, of Sion Hill,

near Northallerton

XXIV. On Vision. By Ez. WALKER, Esq., of Lynn,

Norfolk

XXV. On the instantaneous Production of Fire, by the mere

Compression of Atmospheric Air. By FREDERICK AC-

CUM, M.R.I.A., Operative Chemist, Lecturer on Prac-

tical Chemistry and on Mineralogy and Pharmacy, &c. 130

XXVI. Some Hints respecting the proper Mode of inuring

Tender Plants to our Climate. By the Right Hon. Sir

JOSEPH BANKS, Bart. K.B. P.R.S. &c.

121

126

133

136

XXVII. Essay upon Machines in General. By M. CARNOT,

Member of the French Institute, &c. &c.

XXVIII. Report of Surgical Cases in the City and Finsbury

Dispensaries, for January 1808, with some additional

Remarks on a Case of Scirrhous Mamma. By JOHN

TAUNTON, Esq.

XXIX. Notices respecting New Books

XXX. Proceedings of Learned Societies

XXXI. Intelligence and Miscellaneous Articles

145

146

148

151

XXXII. On the Identity of Silex and Oxygen. By Mr.