A rt. 8. Certificates of condemnation and bill of sale sufficient passport for six months, page 492
9. Provisions furnished at market price-In case of repair, cargoes may be landed
without duty; but no compulsion to land cargoes
10. Vessels cast ashore, assistance given to crews and protection to property
11. Vessels within gunshot of forts to be defended, &c.
12. Commerce, etc., on the most favored footing
13. Consuls of the United States, not responsible for debts of citizens, unless, &c.
14. Salutes, &c. on the most favored footing-Christian captives taking refuge, &c.
15. Pretext arising from religious opinions, not to interrupt harmony-Liberty to cele-
brate religious rights-Consuls may travel in the territories, &c
16. In case of disputes arising from a violation of this treaty, 3 months allowed for an ad-
justment of differences-In case of war, consuls &c., to embark &c.
17. Prisoners of war not to be made slaves, but exchanged in twelve months
18. Powers at war with the United States, not to sell prizes at Algiers, but the vessels of
war of the United States may sell their prizes at Algiers
19. Consul of the United States to decide disputes between American citizens-Other
disputes settled by the consuls or agents of which the parties belong-Disputes
between Americans and Algerines settled by the Dey in person
20. In case of killing or wounding the law of the country to prevail &c.
21. Consul of the United States not to pay duties on domestic articles
22. Citizens of the United States dying within the regency of Algiers, their property to
be under the direction of the consul, unless otherwise disposed of by will, &c.
Dey not to hinder the execution of a will...
Article additional &c.-Part of the 18th article of the foregoing treaty annulled
Extinction of the government of Algiers by conquest, by the arms of France
Convention for the delivery of the forts and city of Algiers
1. Treaty of commerce and navigation between the United States of America, and
his majesty the Emperor of Austria, concluded at Washington, on the 27th
day of August, 1829, by M. Van Buren, on the part of the United States, and
L. Baron de Lederer, on the part of Austria. Ratified at Washington, on the
10th day of February, 1831.
Art. 1. Entire freedom of navigation-Negotiators-Reciprocal liberty of commerce
2. Tonnage duties &c. the same as the national vessels of both parties
3. Duties &c. on the merchandize of each, to be the same
4. Duties fully applicable to both parties. 5. Import duties, to be imposed &c.
6. Exports same to both-Exact reciprocity-Bounties and drawbacks same to each
7. Coastwise navigation excepted. 8. Preference not to be given
9. Particular favors to be con:mon to both parties. 10. Liberty of consuls granted
11. Personal goods may be disposed of by testament or donation, &c., but not to affect
his majesty's laws, relative to emigration. 12. Treaty limited to ten years; &c.
Barbary Powers-See Algiers, Morocco, Tripoli and Tunis.
DENMARK.
1. General Convention of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation, between the
United States of America, and his majesty the King of Denmark; negotiated at
Washington, on the 26th April, 1826, by Henry Clay, on the part of the
of the United States, and Peter Pederson, on the part of Denmark. Conven-
tion to be in force ten years.
448
Art. 1. Engage, mutually, not to grant favors in commerce which shall not be common to both ib
2. Navigation and commerce on the basis of perfect equality, and reciprocity. . . 448
3. Citizens, of either party not to pay higher duties in the ports of the other, on the
produce and manufactures of their own growth, than the most favored
449
Art. 4. Reciprocal duties the basis of this treaty, page
5. Sound, or the Belt, duties, no higher than the most favored nations,
6. Iceland, the Ferroe Islands, and Greenland, possessions excepted in this article
7. Both parties may dispose of their effects, &c. on paying the usual duties
8. Consuls and Vice Consuls received in all ports open to foreign commerce
9. Rights, privileges, and immunities of Consuls and Vice Consuls
10. Consuls, and persons attached to their service, exempt from military duty
11. Convention to be in force for ten years,
12. Convention to be approved of by the President, &c.
Ratification. Addendum.
No. 2.-Convention between the United States of America and his Majesty the
King of Denmark, signed at Copenhagen, the 28th March, 1830.
Art. 1. Renunciation of American claims by Denmark,
And $650,000 to be paid to the citizens of the United States, 2. As follows,
Interest to be added,
1831, March, $216,666 67, September $216,666 67, 1832, September, $216,666 67 ib
3. Board of three Commissioners to decide on claims,
Documents to be delivered up by Denmark,
4. Claims definitively settled, 5. Limited object of this treaty, 6. Ratification,
1. Treaty of amity and commerce, of the 6th of February, 1778, negotiated at Paris,
by C. A. Gerard, on the part of France, and B. Franklin, Silas Deane, and
Arthur Lee, on the part of the United States. Ratified by Congress on the 4th
of May, 1778. Annulled by act of July 7, 1798.....
page 34
Rules relative to correspondence and commerce to be established
Each party at liberty respecting interior regulations, &c. and to admit other nations to a
participation of the same advantages. ...
Art. 1. Firm and inviolable peace, and true and sincere friendship beween both parties
2. Favors of commerce, &c. granted to other nations, to be common to both
3. French subjects to enjoy in U.S. ports the same benefits as the most favored nations..
4. C. States citizens to enjoy in the ports of France, in Europe, the same benefits.......
5. Exemption of 190 sols. p. tun, except, &c-U.S. may establish countervailing duties
6. Vessels belonging to U. S to be protected in French ports, &c. .. .. . .
7. French vessels to be protected by the armed vessels of the United States.......
8. France to employ its good offices with the Barbary powers in behalf of the U.S....
9. Fishing reciprocally prohibited to each par,y, in places occupied by the other..
The fishing exclusion to be governed by indulgences granted to other natious.
10. The rights of France to be respected, by the U. States, with respect to fishing near
Newfoundland, as established by the treaties of Utrecht and Paris....
11. U. S. citizens exempt from escheat, dy ng aliens in France-the like privilege to be
enjoyed by French subjects dying within the U. States...
12. Suspected ships entering ports of an enemy, compelled to exhibit their papers...... 42
13. Mode of proceeding, in relation to vessels having on board contraband goods.
14. Goods belonging to the citizens or subjects of either party, on board enemy ves-
sels liable to confiscation, &c....
15. Mutual guarantee against injuries from the armed vessels of either party
16. Ships and merchandise rescued from pirates to be restored...........
17. Free entrance allowed to prizes made by either party, into each other's ports.
Enemy cruisers against one party not allowed to remain in ports of the other.... ib
18. Relief to be granted, by each party, to the shipwrecked vessels of the other........
19. Citizens & subjects, of either party, obliged,by necessity, to take refuge in others ports ib
Art. 20. Six months allowed after the declaration of war, between the parties, for the sale
and transportation of the property of their citizens or subjects, page...
21. The citizens of each party prohibited from taking commissions from a third party to
cruise against each other.....
22. Foreign privateers, at enmity with one of the parties, not be allowed to fit their ships
or sell prizes in the United States or France...
23. Free trade allowed to one party with the enemy of the other-free ships make free
goods-all persons on board, except soldiers, to be protected...
24. Contraband of war designated-descrimnation as to goods not contraband..
25. In case of war, sea-letters, passports, aud certificates, to be furnished, &c..
26. Optional, with vessels of either party, in the ports of the other, to unload........
27. The visit of an armed ship, of either party, meeting a merchantman of one of the par-
ties at sea, to be made in a boat manned by two or three men only, the armed ves-
sel remaining out of reach of cannon shot......
28. Search of goods to take place before they are put on board...
29. Each party allowed to have consuls in the ports of the other
30. Free ports to be allowed in France to U. States citizens, who may continue to trade
to the free ports in the West Indies.....
31. Ratifications to be exchanged in six months
2. Of alliance, of the 6th of February, 1778, negotiated at Paris by C. A. Gerard,
on the part of France, and B. Franklin, Silas Deane, and Arthur Lee. Ratified
by Congress on the 4th May, 1778. Annulled by act of July 7, 1798.... page 60
Made to cement the mutual interests, and to guard against British hostility towards
France, either in commerce or navigation, in a manner contrary to the rights of na-
tions-union of efforts and councils...
Art. 1. In case of war between France and Great Britain, the cause to be common........
2. The main object of the alliance declared to be to maintain the absolute independence
of the United States of America ...
3. Each party to act as it may deem proper to the annoyance of the common enemy.
4. Both parties to act in concert; and a convention to regulate amount of succour ...... ib
5. British possessions in America, or Bermuda, if reduced, to belong to the U. States... 62
6. Renunciation of all claim, by France, to the North American possessions and the Ber-
mudas; which prior to the treaty of 1763, or by that treaty, were acknowledged to
belong to the British crown ......
7. France to possess islands taken in or near the Mexican gulf.
8 Neither party to make peace, without the consent of the other-Arms not to be laid
down, until the independence of the U. States shall have been secured by treaty
that shall terminate the war......
9. No after claims, whatever may be the event of the war
10. Other powers may be invited to make common cause against G. Britain
11. Mutual guarantee of possessions and sovereignty
12 Explanation of the extent of the mutual guarantee of possessions and sovereignty ...
3. Contract concerning the loan and repayment of money, of the 16th of July, 1782,
made at Versailles, by Gravier de Vergennes, on the part of France, and B.
Franklin, on the part of the United States. Ratified by Congress, January 22,
1783. Obsolete.
Motives for making a particular statement of the amount of pecuniary aid furnished by
the French government and the manner of repayment by the U. S of America 66
Art. 1. Amount and items of the various loans, at 5 per cent. interest
2. Loans to be repaid in 12 equal annual instalments.
3. Abatement of interest ...
4. Interest to diminish in proportion to payments, which may be anticipated
5. Loan made by France, in the Netherlands acknowledged to be for the use of the U.S. ib
Art. 6. Engagement of France to repay this loan, acknowledged to have been made upon the
pledge of Congress to repay it into the royal treasury, at Paris, page...
68
7. Agreement, upon the faith of Congress, to repay the loan in Holland, at the French ·
treasury, in 10 annual payments with 4 per cent. interest
8. Interest on the Holland loan, for 5 years preceding the first term of payment of the
principle, to be paid by the U. States into the royal treasury at Paris
4. Convention concerning consuls, and vice consuls, of the 14th of November, 1778;
negotiated at Versailles, by L. C. de Montmorin, on the part of France, and
Thomas Jefferson, on the part of the United States. Annulled by act of July
7, 1798.
Art. 1. Consuls to present commissions, and receive exequatur without cost
2. Exempt from personal service in the community
3. May establish agents where necessary-their consular functions
4. May establish a chancery for the deposite of their official papers
5. Rights, authority, and duties of consuls
6. Consuls shall receive declarations and reports from captains of losses at sea
7. Duties of consuls in cases of shipwreck.....
8. Police to be exercised by consuls, over the vessels of their nation
9. Consuls may arrest deserters from the vessels their nation .....
10. Citizens or subjects amenable for crimes to the laws of the country
11. Offenders may be seized and arrested on board their vessels
12. Differences between citizens of either party to be adjusted by consuls without fees..
13. The benefit of tribunals, for settling disputes in relation to commerce, open to each
14. Alien citizens, or subjects, to be exempt from personal service
15. If consuls of other nations obtain privileges, from either party, they are common to both 82
16. This convention to be in force for 12 years, from the ratifications .
ib
5. Convention for terminating differences, of the 30th of September, 1800; negotia-
ted at Paris, by Oliver Ellsworth, Wm. Richardson Davie, Wm. Vans Mur-
ray, on the part of the United States, and Joseph Bonaparte, Charles P. C.
Fleurieu, and Pierre Louis Rhoderer, on the part of France. Ratified provi-
sionally, on the 18th of February, 1801, and declared to have been finally rati-
fied on the 21st of December, 1801. Expired....
Art. 1. Firm and inviolable peace between both parties......
2. Treaties of Feb. 1778, and convention of Nov. 14, 1778, aunulled....
3. Captured public ships to be restored......
4. Captured property not condemned, to be restored on certain proof
Form of passport-from of proof of captured vessels to be restored
Certificates required as proof in case of cargoes-To take effect from Sept. 1800
5. Debts due to either party to be paid, and may be sued for
6. Free commerce between the two nations...
7. Rights of devise, inheritance, etc. to be enjoyed, mutually, without naturalization
8. In case of war 6 months allowed for the removal of property
9. Debts not to be sequestered in the event of war..
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10. Commercial agents may be reciprocally appointed, but to be officially recognized, &c. ib
11. No higher duties to be paid by either party than those paid by the most favored na-
tions-on the part of France this stipulation is limited to Europe.
12. Free trade allowed to an enemy port-notice of blockade before captures
13. Contraband specified-but the vessel not to be affected by such articles
14. Free ships make free goods, although enemy's goods.
15. Goods laden on enemy's ships, after knowledge of war, to be confiscated
16. Merchants vessels to exhibit passports and certificates
17. In time of war, with a third power, passports. &c. required-contraband illegal ib
18. Ships to be visited by two or three men; the armed ship lying out of cannon shot reach 98
Art. 19. Merchantmen under convoy not to be visited-the commander's word sufficient, p. 98
20. Receipts to be given for papers of captured ships-hatches not to be opened at sea ib
21. Captain of a captured ship not to be removed-passengers to be kindly treated.
22. Prizes to be condemned only by established courts-motives to be mentioned......
23. Damages done by ships of war to be made good-offenders personally liable-cap-
tains of cruisers to give bonds in a specified sum for good conduct
24. Armed vessels and their prizes not to pay duty, nor to be examined
25. Privateers of a third power, at enmity with one of the parties, not to refit, ac... ...............
26. Neither pirates, nor their goods piratically taken to be harboured, &e................
27. Neither party to interfere in the fisheries of the other.......
Limitation of this convention to 8 years—provisional ratification by U. States... 106
Ratification by France, according to the amendments of the U. States' Senate.. 107
6. Ceding Louisiana, of the 30th of April, 1803; negotiated at Paris, by R. R. Liv-
ingston, and James Monroe, on the part of the United States, and Barbé Mar-
bois, on the part of France. Ratified on the 21st of October, 1803 ....... 109
Desire of the parties to remove all misunderstanding in relation to the construction of
the treaty of Madrid, of the 27th of October, 1795, &c....
Art. 1. Retrocession of Louisiana by Spain to France-consideration for the same--French
title incontestable--cession from France to the U. States
2. What is included in the cession.....
3. Inhabitants to be admitted into the union on principles of the federal constitution ... ib
4. A French commissary to receive the province from Spain & pass it over to U. States 112
5. Period of surrendering the military posts, etc. to the U. States
6. U. States to fulfil the treaties of Spain with the Indian tribes...
7. French and Spanish vessels, with the productions of their respective countries, enti-
tled to the same privileges, in the ports of Louisiana, as U. States vessels, from
France or Spain entering the same-object of this indulgence
8. After the 12 years, French ships to be on the footing of the most favored nations.... 114
9. A convention for the payment of debts to U. States citizens--and a convention relative
to definitive rule between the parties, to be ratified herewith....
7. Convention for the payment of sixty millions of francs to France, for the cession
of Louisiana, of the 30th of April 1830; negotiated at Paris, by R. R. Living-
ston and James Monroe, on the part of the United States, and Barbé Marbois,
on the part of France. Ratified on the 21st of October, 1803..
Definitive regulations relative to the cession of Louisiana...
Art. 1. U. S. engage to pay 60 mill. francs to France and satisfy certain debts to their citizens 116
2. Stock of $11, 250,000 to be created, at 6 per cent. payable in London or Paris,―prin-
cipal reimbursable at U.S. treasury in annual payments of not less than $3,000,000;
first payment to be made 15 years after ratifications exchanged
Should France sell the stock, it is to be done on the best terms for the U. States 118
3. Value of U. States dollar fixed at 5 livres 8 sous tournois
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No. 8. Convention for the payment of the sum due by France to the United States,
negotiated at Paris, by Barbé Marbois, on the part of France, and Robert R.
Livingston and James Monroe, on the part of the U.S. Ratified Oct.21, 1803 118
Art. 1. Debts due from France prior to Dec. 30, 1800, to be paid, under certain rules...... 120
2. Debts specified which are to be provided for ib.-3. Time and manner of payment. ib
4. Specification of debts comprehended by the preceding articles.....
5. Specification as to what cases the articles are to apply to .....
6. Three commissioners, to act provisionally, to be appointed by U. S. ministers.
7. Commissioners to examine, and to certify claims which ought to be admitted
8. Also, to examine, and certify, such unprepared claims as ought to be admitted
9. Debts, with 6 per cent interest, to be paid at the treasury of the United States
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