"Astoria" describes the grand attempt by Mr. John Jacob Astor to organize the fur-trade from the Lakes to the Pacific, making a central depot at the mouth of the Columbia River, Oregon, and the failure of the enterprise through the capture of Astoria.

[Bonneville.] The Adventures of Captain Bonneville, U.S.A., in the Rocky Mountains and the Far West, digested from his Journal and illustrated from various other sources. (Vol. X.) (1837.)

... Captain Benjamin L. E. Bonneville (circa 1815-1878) was an Officer of the United States Army and Traveller. He served in the Mexican War, 1846–48. The Adventures related by Irving from Notes and vivâ voce accounts given by Captain Bonneville himself comprise the Captain's Journeys, 1832-1835. Bracebridge Hall; or, The Humorists. A Medley by Geoffrey Crayon, Gentn. (Vol. VI.) (1822.)

... For this MS. Irving received 1000 guineas.

[Columbus.] Life, The, and Voyages of Christopher Columbus, to which are added those of his Companions. (Vols. III.-V.) (1828.) Index, 2 col. last Vol. pp. 471-492.

.. The value of this work has been established by the criticisms of W. H. Prescott, A. H. Everett, and a host of reviewers. Murray paid 3000 guineas for the MS.

It is noticed in Moore's Diary, under date of May 27, 1828, that when Rogers was talking of this book he said in his "dry, significant way, ‘It's rather long,' "when Cooper turned round on him and said sharply, 'That's a short criticism.""

A Chart of the West Indies with the adjacent coast of South America, "show"ing the tracks of Don Christopher Columbus," is given at the beginning of the second volume, and a Chart showing the tracks across the North Atlantic Ocean at the beginning of the last volume.

Crayon Miscellany, The. (Vol. IX.) (1835.)

This comprises Irving's "Tour on the Prairies," "Abbotsford," and "New"stead Abbey."

The Tour "is neither a book of travels, nor a novel, nor a romance," but an enjoyable gathering of various "kinds of writing beautifully and gaily blended "into a production almost sui generis." It recounts an extended journey through portions of the Great West and gives the fruits of his researches among the Indians.

"Abbotsford" describes his visit to Sir Walter Scott in 1817: and

“Newstead Abbey” consists of sketches taken during a three weeks' sojourn in 1832 at the ancestral mansion of Lord Byron.

Goldsmith, Oliver. A Biography. (Vol. XI.) (1849.)

... In this Revised Edition Irving very much increased his biographical sketch, which had been "written hastily as an Introduction to a Selection from Gold"smith's writings." Irving's sketch appeared some years before Forster's Biography of Goldsmith, and Irving makes his acknowledgments to that Biography in his enlarged Edition.

[Granada.] Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada, From the MSS. of Fray Antonio Agapida. (Vol. XIV.) (1829.)

... In the original Introduction many particulars of the Chronicle of Agapida are given with a statement of the “manuscript fragments carefully preserved in "the Library of the Escurial." Chronicle and Chronicler were alike fictitious and used only as an agreeable way of bringing out the points on which the Author desired to dwell. Murray gave Irving £2000 for the MS. The work was very highly praised by W. H. Prescott, and, to deserve that “generous encomium," Irving in the Revised Edition brought his narrative more strictly within "historical bounds," and corrected and enlarged it in various particulars.

66

History, A, of New-York from the beginning of the World to the end of the Dutch Dynasty, containing among many surprising and curious matters, the unutterable ponderings of Walter the Doubter, the disastrous projects of William the Testy, and the chivalric achievements of Peter the Headstrong-the three Dutch Governors of New Amsterdam: Being the only authentic History of the Times that ever hath been or ever will be published. By Diedrich Knickerbocker. (Vol. I.) (1809.)

·.· The Author was assisted in this work by his brother Peter (1771-1838), and it was first published in New York in two volumes 16mo., December, 1809. Irving entirely revised and partly rewrote it in 1848. It was to this work that Irving owed his introduction to Sir Walter Scott. Scott had read the work with great pleasure, and Campbell the Poet gave Irving a letter of introduction to the Author of Waverley. Lockhart has given very pleasant descriptions of the meeting between these two great writers and the services in finding a publisher which Sir Walter was able to render to Irving after the latter lost all his fortune in 1817. Mahomet and his Successors. (Vols. XII. and XIII.) (1850.)

... This arrived at publication tardily. When in Spain, in 1828, Irving prepared to issue "a series of writings" illustrative of the domination of the Arabs in Spain to be introduced by a Life of Mahomet. For this he translated various manuscripts, etc., and then the whole was laid aside. In 1831 he revised and enlarged it for the "Family Library" of Mr. John Murray, but it was again "thrown aside for "years." During a second visit to Spain (1848–49) the Author revised the manuscript, availing himself of all the then newer authorities. The eighth chapter of the first Volume is an excellent "popular" outline of the Mahommedan Faith and gives a short account of some twenty "jarring sects of Oriental Christians," from whom "Mahomet had to acquire his notions of the Christian Faith: all of "which [sects] have been pronounced heretical or schismatic."

Sketch Book, The, of Geoffrey Crayon, Gentn. (Vol. II.) (1819-20.)

... This originally began to appear piecemeal (1819-20) in America, but hearing that a London pirated Edition was threatened, Irving determined to publish it himself. Murray refused the book at first, and Constable when approached was not eager to undertake it. Irving then determined to publish it himself, but his publisher, John Miller, failed in business a few weeks after the first volume had been issued, and then it was Sir W. Scott interested Murray to reconsider the matter, and Murray gave Irving £200 for the work, republished the first volume with the addition of a new or second volume, and added a second douceur of £200.

Irving's position as a writer was attained. The Stories of Rip van Winkle; An English Christmas Its Eve, The Day and its Dinner; and Sleepy Hollow have rendered this Volume immortal.

Tales of a Traveller, by Geoffrey Crayon, Gentn. (Vol. VII.) (1824.)

Murray gave Irving £1500 for the MS. before seeing it and (says Tom Moore) "he might have had, I think, 2000. The "Tales" were severely handled by the critics.

Isabey, Léon et Leblan.-VILLAS, MAISONS de Ville et de Cam[819] pagne composées sur les motifs des habitations de Paris

Moderne dans les styles des xvio, xviio, xviiio, and xix siècles, et sur un choix des maisons les plus remarquables de l'Étranger. Paris: A. Lévy. 1864. Folio. Boards. ... The work consists of four pages of letter-press, describing and explaining the fifty-five Plates which complete the book.

The Plates are preceded by an illuminated Title-page and themselves consist of a series of coloured and plain Elevations and Details of houses.

64

Jackson, Mrs. Helen Maria (Fiske Hunt).—See H. H.

Jackson, Tatlow.-HABEAS CORPUS. See Pamphlets: (Nos. 6 and 16).

Jacob, Bibliophile. See Lacroix, Paul.

Jacobi, Hermann.—GAINA SUTRAS. See Müller, F. Max (Vol.

XXII.).

Jacolliot, Louis.—Bible, The, in INDIA: Hindoo Origin of Hebrew [820] and Christian Revelation. Translated from "La Bible dans "L'Inde." New York: Carleton. 1878. 12mo. Cloth. ... This is characterized by the violent language of an Encyclopædist in its attacks on the Christian Scriptures. Its full title ran "La Bible dans l'Inde, Vie de Jeseus "Christna." As to its valuelessness, critically, see Max Müller's Lecture on False Analogies in Comparative Theology (Science of Religion: pp. 319-329), where Professor Müller discusses "the panic created by M. Jacolliot's book" and gives quotations from pp. 197-200 and a variety of other parts of the book to show where it abounds with statements which "it is difficult, nay, almost impossible, to criticise or refute;" many of the words quoted as Sanskrit not being Sanskrit at all, and others given as quotations "from the Veda" not being from the Veda, but "belonging to the second "half of the nineteenth century."

Jacquemart, Albert.-CÉRAMIQUE, Histoire de La: Étude descrip[821] tive et Raisonnée des Poteries de tous les Temps et de tous les Peuples: Ouvrage contenant 200 figures sur bois par H. Catenacci et J. Jacquemart: 12 planches gravées à l'eau-forte par Jules Jacquemart: et 1000 marques et monogrammes. Paris: Hachette et Cie. 1873. Large Vellum, ornamented, edges red. Index, 2 col. pp. 691-750. Binding by L. Olivieri, Rome.

8vo.

... The Etchings of Jules Jacquemart are well worth examination.

The Covers bear on the front the Monogram "C. H. C." and on the back the word "Roma," this being a presentation book as "A Memory of Rome: 1873."

James I.-COVNter-Blaste To TOBACCO. See Bibliotheca Curi

osa (Vol. XI.).(d)

James I. SPEECH on the Discovery of the Gunpowder Plot. See Collectanea Adamantæa (Vol. VIII.).(a)

James II.-RYE HOUSE PLOT. See Collectanea Adamantæa (Vol. VIII.).(6)

James, Henry, Junior.-FRENCH POETS and Novelists. London: [822] Macmillan and Co. 1878. 12mo. Half russia, top edges

gilt.

... This is a Series of twelve Essays, seven of which are represented by the Title and five have been added as having "much in common with the subjects of the former." The Poets, Novelists, and Subjects selected are:

Thackeray has a Sketch of this Author in Chapter 7 of his Paris
Sketch Book, "On Some Fashionable French Novels."

Flaubert, Gustave (

).

252

His first "and best" novel (Madame Bovary) was "judicially "impeached and the writer prosecuted for immorality," though acquitted.

With some very interesting notices of Regnier, Got, Sophie
Croizette, etc., à propos of M. Sarcey's "biographies."
Turgénieff, Ivan (1818-1883) .

269

James, Henry, Junior.-HAWTHORNE, NATHANIEL. See English Men of Letters.

James, William.-DICTIONARY of the English and German Lan[823] guages for general use, compiled with especial regard to the elucidation of modern Literature: the pronunciation and accentuation after the principles of Walker and Heinsius. Eighteenth stereotype Edition. New York: Leypoldt and Holt. 1868. Small 8vo., three columns. Morocco back.