Understanding Early Civilizations: A Comparative StudyCambridge University Press, 5 maj 2003 This book offers the first detailed comparative study of the seven best-documented early civilizations: ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, Shang China, the Aztecs and adjacent peoples in the Valley of Mexico, the Classic Maya, the Inka, and the Yoruba. Unlike previous studies, equal attention is paid to similarities and differences in their sociopolitical organization, economic systems, religion, and culture. Many of this study's findings are surprising and provocative. Agricultural systems, technologies, and economic behaviour turn out to have been far more diverse than was expected. These findings and many others challenge not only current understandings of early civilizations but also the theoretical foundations of modern archaeology and anthropology. The key to understanding early civilizations lies not in their historical connections but in what they can tell us about similarities and differences in human behaviour. |
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Resultat 1-5 av 47
Sida vii
... Mesoamerica 130 7.3 Urban centres in Egypt and the Inka kingdom 135 7.4 Urban centres in China 138 9. 1 Houses in early civilizations 170 12.1 Inka battle scene 246 12.2 Mesopotamian battle scenes 258 14.1 Mesopotamian irrigation system ...
... Mesoamerica 130 7.3 Urban centres in Egypt and the Inka kingdom 135 7.4 Urban centres in China 138 9. 1 Houses in early civilizations 170 12.1 Inka battle scene 246 12.2 Mesopotamian battle scenes 258 14.1 Mesopotamian irrigation system ...
Sida 25
... Mesoamerica, that of the Olmec, developed in the tropical forest bordering the Gulf of Mexico beginning around 12oo B.C. It also appears that the development of both highland and lowland Maya cultures was influenced more by the Olmec ...
... Mesoamerica, that of the Olmec, developed in the tropical forest bordering the Gulf of Mexico beginning around 12oo B.C. It also appears that the development of both highland and lowland Maya cultures was influenced more by the Olmec ...
Sida 28
... Mesoamerica, of the Inka kingdom in the context of Peru, of the Shang state in relation to all of China, and of southern Mesopotamia in relation to the Middle East. Ancient Egypt and the Classic Maya were the sole early civilizations ...
... Mesoamerica, of the Inka kingdom in the context of Peru, of the Shang state in relation to all of China, and of southern Mesopotamia in relation to the Middle East. Ancient Egypt and the Classic Maya were the sole early civilizations ...
Sida 37
... Mesoamerican way of life based on the cultivation of maize, beans, and squash (Blanton et al. 1981). Yet their very different environmental settings and dissimilar economic, social, and political organizations are reasons for studying ...
... Mesoamerican way of life based on the cultivation of maize, beans, and squash (Blanton et al. 1981). Yet their very different environmental settings and dissimilar economic, social, and political organizations are reasons for studying ...
Sida 38
... Mesoamerica and Peru. At an early period corn, beans, and other tropical crops spread south from Mesoamerica and were incorporated into an indigenous Andean agricultural complex based on highland grains and tubers and the herding of ...
... Mesoamerica and Peru. At an early period corn, beans, and other tropical crops spread south from Mesoamerica and were incorporated into an indigenous Andean agricultural complex based on highland grains and tubers and the herding of ...
Innehåll
3 | |
15 | |
40 | |
53 | |
66 | |
Kingship | 71 |
City and Territorial | 92 |
Urbanism | 120 |
Appropriation of Wealth | 375 |
Economic Constants and Variables | 395 |
Cognitive and Symbolic Aspects | 407 |
Conceptions of the Supernatural | 409 |
Cosmology and Cosmogony | 444 |
Cult | 472 |
Priests Festivals and the Politics of the Supernatural | 495 |
The Individual and the Universe | 522 |
Class Systems and Social Mobility | 142 |
Family Organization and Gender Roles | 167 |
Administration | 195 |
Law | 221 |
Military Organization | 240 |
Sociopolitical Constants and Variables | 264 |
Economy | 277 |
Food Production | 279 |
Land Ownership | 315 |
Trade and Craft Specialization | 338 |
Elite Art and Architecture | 541 |
Literacy and Specialized Knowledge | 584 |
Values and Personal Aspirations | 626 |
Cultural Constants and Variables | 638 |
Discussion | 651 |
Culture and Reason | 653 |
Conclusion | 684 |
References | 689 |
Index | 733 |
Andra upplagor - Visa alla
Understanding Early Civilizations: A Comparative Study Bruce G. Trigger Begränsad förhandsgranskning - 2003 |
Understanding Early Civilizations: A Comparative Study Bruce G. Trigger Ingen förhandsgranskning - 2007 |
Vanliga ord och fraser
agricultural ancestors ancient Egypt animals appear associated ayllu Aztec Bascom believed Benin calpolli central China Chinese city-state systems city-states Classic Maya commoners complex corvee corvee labour cosmic order craft workers crops cross-cultural cult cultural Cuzco dead deities divine early civilizations Early Dynastic earth ecological economic Egypt Egyptian elaborate elite extended families farmers full-time gods groups hereditary highland human behaviour important individuals Inka kilometres king kingship land large numbers leaders lineages living logograms major male Mesoamerica Mesopotamia Middle Kingdom military natural nobility nobles officials Old Kingdom Olorun Ometeotl organization palace period pochteca political population density Postgate priests produced realm region relations religious rituals role royal sacrifices Shang slaves social societies soldiers specific square kilometres status stone supernatural power symbolic taxes temples Tenochtitlan territorial Texcoco tions trade underworld upper classes urban centres Valley of Mexico wealth women Yoruba Zhou