Understanding Early Civilizations: A Comparative StudyCambridge University Press, 5 maj 2003 This book offers the first detailed comparative study of the seven best-documented early civilizations: ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, Shang China, the Aztecs and adjacent peoples in the Valley of Mexico, the Classic Maya, the Inka, and the Yoruba. Unlike previous studies, equal attention is paid to similarities and differences in their sociopolitical organization, economic systems, religion, and culture. Many of this study's findings are surprising and provocative. Agricultural systems, technologies, and economic behaviour turn out to have been far more diverse than was expected. These findings and many others challenge not only current understandings of early civilizations but also the theoretical foundations of modern archaeology and anthropology. The key to understanding early civilizations lies not in their historical connections but in what they can tell us about similarities and differences in human behaviour. |
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Sida 25
... Central Mexico (Coe 1977; Flannery 20oo). Finally, there is evidence of the spectacular growth of Maya culture in the tropical lowlands during the late first millennium B.C., at the same time that complex societies were developing in ...
... Central Mexico (Coe 1977; Flannery 20oo). Finally, there is evidence of the spectacular growth of Maya culture in the tropical lowlands during the late first millennium B.C., at the same time that complex societies were developing in ...
Sida 26
... Central Mexico. Adams found these two civilizations, which had developed totally independently of one another, to be structurally very similar and attributed these similarities to functional limitations on what is possible in social and ...
... Central Mexico. Adams found these two civilizations, which had developed totally independently of one another, to be structurally very similar and attributed these similarities to functional limitations on what is possible in social and ...
Sida 47
... Central governments possessed ultimate control over justice and the use offoree. The ruling class was able to exert various forms of coercion, but demands for the production of surpluses, corvee labour, and mandatory military service ...
... Central governments possessed ultimate control over justice and the use offoree. The ruling class was able to exert various forms of coercion, but demands for the production of surpluses, corvee labour, and mandatory military service ...
Sida 58
... Central Andean heartland of Inka civilization. Much less is known archaeologically about highland Peru than about the Valley of Mexico as well. Despite the vast resources poured into the study of ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt, knowledge ...
... Central Andean heartland of Inka civilization. Much less is known archaeologically about highland Peru than about the Valley of Mexico as well. Despite the vast resources poured into the study of ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt, knowledge ...
Sida 61
... Central Andean world and make any comparison of Inka culture with non-Andean societies highly deceptive (Zuidema 1964; D'Altroy 1987a: 5). These studies are oriented very differently from Thomas Pattersons (1991) investigation of Inka ...
... Central Andean world and make any comparison of Inka culture with non-Andean societies highly deceptive (Zuidema 1964; D'Altroy 1987a: 5). These studies are oriented very differently from Thomas Pattersons (1991) investigation of Inka ...
Innehåll
3 | |
15 | |
40 | |
53 | |
66 | |
Kingship | 71 |
City and Territorial | 92 |
Urbanism | 120 |
Appropriation of Wealth | 375 |
Economic Constants and Variables | 395 |
Cognitive and Symbolic Aspects | 407 |
Conceptions of the Supernatural | 409 |
Cosmology and Cosmogony | 444 |
Cult | 472 |
Priests Festivals and the Politics of the Supernatural | 495 |
The Individual and the Universe | 522 |
Class Systems and Social Mobility | 142 |
Family Organization and Gender Roles | 167 |
Administration | 195 |
Law | 221 |
Military Organization | 240 |
Sociopolitical Constants and Variables | 264 |
Economy | 277 |
Food Production | 279 |
Land Ownership | 315 |
Trade and Craft Specialization | 338 |
Elite Art and Architecture | 541 |
Literacy and Specialized Knowledge | 584 |
Values and Personal Aspirations | 626 |
Cultural Constants and Variables | 638 |
Discussion | 651 |
Culture and Reason | 653 |
Conclusion | 684 |
References | 689 |
Index | 733 |
Andra upplagor - Visa alla
Understanding Early Civilizations: A Comparative Study Bruce G. Trigger Begränsad förhandsgranskning - 2003 |
Understanding Early Civilizations: A Comparative Study Bruce G. Trigger Ingen förhandsgranskning - 2007 |
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agricultural ancestors ancient Egypt animals appear associated ayllu Aztec Bascom believed Benin calpolli central China Chinese city-state systems city-states Classic Maya commoners complex corvee corvee labour cosmic order craft workers crops cross-cultural cult cultural Cuzco dead deities divine early civilizations Early Dynastic earth ecological economic Egypt Egyptian elaborate elite extended families farmers full-time gods groups hereditary highland human behaviour important individuals Inka kilometres king kingship land large numbers leaders lineages living logograms major male Mesoamerica Mesopotamia Middle Kingdom military natural nobility nobles officials Old Kingdom Olorun Ometeotl organization palace period pochteca political population density Postgate priests produced realm region relations religious rituals role royal sacrifices Shang slaves social societies soldiers specific square kilometres status stone supernatural power symbolic taxes temples Tenochtitlan territorial Texcoco tions trade underworld upper classes urban centres Valley of Mexico wealth women Yoruba Zhou