Understanding Early Civilizations: A Comparative StudyCambridge University Press, 5 maj 2003 This book offers the first detailed comparative study of the seven best-documented early civilizations: ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, Shang China, the Aztecs and adjacent peoples in the Valley of Mexico, the Classic Maya, the Inka, and the Yoruba. Unlike previous studies, equal attention is paid to similarities and differences in their sociopolitical organization, economic systems, religion, and culture. Many of this study's findings are surprising and provocative. Agricultural systems, technologies, and economic behaviour turn out to have been far more diverse than was expected. These findings and many others challenge not only current understandings of early civilizations but also the theoretical foundations of modern archaeology and anthropology. The key to understanding early civilizations lies not in their historical connections but in what they can tell us about similarities and differences in human behaviour. |
Från bokens innehåll
Resultat 1-5 av 72
Sida 6
... living under analogous conditions will respond in much the same way to similar problems. Bronislaw Malinowski (1939) ... living in small social groups, which involved intragroup status competition as well as the need for cooperation to ...
... living under analogous conditions will respond in much the same way to similar problems. Bronislaw Malinowski (1939) ... living in small social groups, which involved intragroup status competition as well as the need for cooperation to ...
Sida 18
... living cultures that could be used to infer behaviour from material culture in the archaeological record (Binford 1962; 1972; 1978). An example of this approach is Binford s (1971) systematic correlation of mortuary practices with ...
... living cultures that could be used to infer behaviour from material culture in the archaeological record (Binford 1962; 1972; 1978). An example of this approach is Binford s (1971) systematic correlation of mortuary practices with ...
Sida 47
... living in kinship-based communities or small chiefdoms held together by rulers who regularly used force to maintain their authority. The core of such an early state (or complex chiefdom) was an ethnic group, tribe, or rulers kindred to ...
... living in kinship-based communities or small chiefdoms held together by rulers who regularly used force to maintain their authority. The core of such an early state (or complex chiefdom) was an ethnic group, tribe, or rulers kindred to ...
Sida 58
... living in Mexico City and their Nahuatl informants' skill in communicating knowledge. Specialists have produced fairly comprehensive, although less even, knowledge concerning the Yoruba and less comprehensive information about the ...
... living in Mexico City and their Nahuatl informants' skill in communicating knowledge. Specialists have produced fairly comprehensive, although less even, knowledge concerning the Yoruba and less comprehensive information about the ...
Sida 64
... living individual. Analyses of this sort supply information about the specific ways in which people living in particular early civilizations perceived themselves, their society, and the universe. Not all emic studies are so productive ...
... living individual. Analyses of this sort supply information about the specific ways in which people living in particular early civilizations perceived themselves, their society, and the universe. Not all emic studies are so productive ...
Innehåll
3 | |
15 | |
40 | |
53 | |
66 | |
Kingship | 71 |
City and Territorial | 92 |
Urbanism | 120 |
Appropriation of Wealth | 375 |
Economic Constants and Variables | 395 |
Cognitive and Symbolic Aspects | 407 |
Conceptions of the Supernatural | 409 |
Cosmology and Cosmogony | 444 |
Cult | 472 |
Priests Festivals and the Politics of the Supernatural | 495 |
The Individual and the Universe | 522 |
Class Systems and Social Mobility | 142 |
Family Organization and Gender Roles | 167 |
Administration | 195 |
Law | 221 |
Military Organization | 240 |
Sociopolitical Constants and Variables | 264 |
Economy | 277 |
Food Production | 279 |
Land Ownership | 315 |
Trade and Craft Specialization | 338 |
Elite Art and Architecture | 541 |
Literacy and Specialized Knowledge | 584 |
Values and Personal Aspirations | 626 |
Cultural Constants and Variables | 638 |
Discussion | 651 |
Culture and Reason | 653 |
Conclusion | 684 |
References | 689 |
Index | 733 |
Andra upplagor - Visa alla
Understanding Early Civilizations: A Comparative Study Bruce G. Trigger Begränsad förhandsgranskning - 2003 |
Understanding Early Civilizations: A Comparative Study Bruce G. Trigger Ingen förhandsgranskning - 2007 |
Vanliga ord och fraser
agricultural ancestors ancient Egypt animals appear associated ayllu Aztec Bascom believed Benin calpolli central China Chinese city-state systems city-states Classic Maya commoners complex corvee corvee labour cosmic order craft workers crops cross-cultural cult cultural Cuzco dead deities divine early civilizations Early Dynastic earth ecological economic Egypt Egyptian elaborate elite extended families farmers full-time gods groups hereditary highland human behaviour important individuals Inka kilometres king kingship land large numbers leaders lineages living logograms major male Mesoamerica Mesopotamia Middle Kingdom military natural nobility nobles officials Old Kingdom Olorun Ometeotl organization palace period pochteca political population density Postgate priests produced realm region relations religious rituals role royal sacrifices Shang slaves social societies soldiers specific square kilometres status stone supernatural power symbolic taxes temples Tenochtitlan territorial Texcoco tions trade underworld upper classes urban centres Valley of Mexico wealth women Yoruba Zhou