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themselves. Hence there is great oppo-fantastic shape, and then down by the sition to their being baptised, or allowed side of frightful ravines, where 400 or the rights of a christian burial. To call 500 feet below us was a murmuring a slave a Christian, is in their eyes streamlet seeming like silver, as the light synonymous with making him a white from above shone upon it. Having man; for the term has that meaning in reached the foot we put up for the night this country. The missionary has anoth- at the toll-house. er hindrance. The slaves are so con- 10. This morning after starting we stantly occupied that the missionary can- met seventeen ox wagons, each having not visit them. To notice them in this eight or ten yoke of oxen. From a high way would be horrible in the eyes of ground we descried the sea, twenty their masters. Notwithstanding these miles distant, foaming upon the shore. difficulties, still the concerns of Mr. El- || Saw many of the animal creation. At liot's station are in a flourishing condi- about four, P. M., we had ascended some tion. He has three schools, in which are|| high land, and what should burst upon about 300 scholars. It is very interest- our view but Genadendal in the vale being to see in them pupils of every age; low, with its pretty church, and cottages an old woman with spectacles in a class stretching along both sides of its stream of eight or ten who might seem to be her of water, and its green gardens interchildren, reading easy lessons; a man of spersed in every direction;-Genadendal forty or fifty, perhaps, in a class reading rendered what it is by Hottentots, dewords of two letters. Now that a pros- scribed by some writers to be but the pect of freedom is held out, many are connecting link between man and brute. anxious to learn. The slaves seem to be On entering the village, Mr. Halbeck, very grateful for the efforts made in their the superintendent, soon appeared and behalf. We sat down one Sabbath with received us very cordially, showing us at the little church of twenty or thirty at the once to the house provided for the retable of the Lord. It was truly sweet, ception of strangers. This we entered in these ends of the earth, to commune and blessed God for having preserved us for the first time, with those gathered out from the dangers of the rivers and mounfrom among the heathen. Mr. E. has tains, and brought us in safety to this four or five preaching places in the vicin- vale of grace, (Genade, grace-dal, vality, one fifteen miles distant, besides his || ley,) the spot where Schmit labored and chapel in the village. He is literally prayed, the first missionary sent by proabundant in labors; and though opposed testants to the aborigines of Africa. and persecuted, his work is not in vain in the Lord. When we left the Paarl we had several tokens of regard from the poor slaves, and many a hearty wish of

success.

Genadendal-Moravian Mission.

April 9. We were now to cross the range of mountains before alluded to, on our way to Genadendal. From the valley we could see the road stretching obliquely along the mountain's side for as much as two miles. We were one hour and a quarter in ascending. In many places had a wagon met us, we should have been in a sad predicament. Cases have been known where unruly bullocks have thrown themselves and all belonging to them down the steep. At last we reached the top, with much beating and hallooing, and resting on the part of our drivers. The sun had gone down and the stars were coming forth. Here began the sublime. But it is in vain for me to attempt to apply words to it. We commenced descending. The road wound up among the hills, where the rocks presented themselves in every

We found we could not expect to see the place under so good advantages as at some other seasons. The fine fruits had just appeared, and 120 of the nerve of the population were engaged in the war in Caffreland.-One of the first things of which Mr. Halbeck spoke, was his infant school. We were very much pleased with his mode of managing it. It contained 114 pupils. All were regular. Parents and children are all very much attached to it. He stated that sometimes the mothers would come to bring an excuse for a sick child, and the child would leave home instantly, and by another street reach the school-room before its mother, and take its place among the scholars. The parents would often bring their children in their arms, if they could not come. He has accustomed the little things to think for themselves. Once he put the question, What is there in the world that God did not make? One instantly answered, "sin."

Schmit's pear-tree was one of the first objects which we desired to see. I felt a peculiar sensation of awe coming over me as I stood under what was once a wide-spreading tree. I thought of

Schmit's school and congregation that once was collected under its shade; of the prayers of that holy man on this very ground of his trials; of his detention in Europe when he would have returned; his death in his closet while pleading for the Hottentots at the appointed hour; and now all that then existed had vanished, save the pear-tree and two testaments found in the possession of two Hottentots when the mission was re-established in 1792. But Schmit's prayers and labors had not been in vain. See this village of 1,400 inhabitants, and this church of five or six hundred members, in answer to his prayers! Lord, may I never be faithless, but go forth bearing the seed, assured that at last the sheaves will be gathered in. The pear-tree cannot live long. However it is yet fruitful, having borne the last season twenty-four bushels of fine large fruit. The 14th of February, 1836, will complete one hundred years since the first establishment of this station. This evening I attended the exercise in the church, where there is one each evening in the week. The harmonious voices of the Hottentots combined with the solemn tones of the organ, as they resounded through the spacious building, were truly delightful. As I looked upon my yellow-faced brethren and sisters, and recollected that were it not for Genadendal they would be dispersed over the country the victims of intemperance, and subject to the most cruel oppression, I could not but bless God for putting it in the hearts of his people to send missionaries to the hea

then.

11. The Moravians are early risers. Six is the hour for rising at this season, when all the missionaries and their wives assemble in their commons for a cup of coffee, and to learn the verse of Scripture for the day. This is the mode practised at all their stations. They all eat at the same table, though they live in separate houses. At present there are here six missionaries and assistant missionaries, with their wives, and an aged matron, sister Korkammer, now seventy-eight years old, who had been in Labrador and the West Indies, and came out hither soon after the establishment of the mission to superintend domestic affairs. Much love seemed to prevail among them all, as they sat down to partake of their frugal meals. After the cup of coffee there is often some meeting in the chapel. The missionaries unite in their family devotions; in an hour breakfast is ready; then the concerns of the station go on till noon. After dinner one half

hour is allowed for sleep. Then a cup of coffee is taken, and the work goes on. Supper at six, and soon after an hour's service in chapel, after which all is perfectly still at Genadendal. The brethren say grace by singing a hymn.

This morning Mr. H. called the men together, as he had received an order, not officially, from a magistrate, requiring fifty more men for the war. He complained of it as oppressive, since the farmers in the vicinity who were dependent on them as laborers would rise up as a man against the measure, and their services were needed also at home. Howbeit, he laid the letter before the people, and asked for an answer. It was affecting to see the women with the children standing behind their husbands and fathers that they expected would be called away to fight, perhaps to fall, some with tears in their eyes. The men at last said in great simplicity, that they would answer the letter by sending the

men.

The supply of water, a desideratum for the want of which mission stations in Africa have suffered extremely, is abundant. There are three fountains in the vicinity. Far up in the Kloof of Baboons, the principal stream has been turned from its channel, and directed along the mountain's side for the distance of a mile. It first is led out to irrigate the mission premises, and then flows over the gardens of the Hottentots in the valley below. The stream is sufficient to turn the wheel of a grist-mill, which is superintended by one of the brethren, and to which the farmers around come for their meal. There is also a tannery conducted by a Hottentot, on which the country around depend for leather for trowsers and for other purposes. There is a smithy superintended by one of the brethren, from which we saw some kinds of cutlery very neatly finished. There is also a carpenter's shop; one of the brethren is a watch-maker;-in short, a missionary in this country must be accustomed to all kinds of work. Several of the Hottentots are masons and blacksmiths, and have amassed by their labors a little fortune.

In short, Genadendal has the means of subsistence so much now within itself, that for several years it has been no expense to the society at home. Still we cannot but think, while we look over the whole of Genadendal, and rejoice heartily at what has been done, that perhaps a different principle from the one here acted on would present the village in a far more lovely aspect. The glory of the

place is now the mission houses and premises. The Hottentots are used as servants of the mission. The Hottentot may have his thatched cottage, his garden, and his pig, and that is all; he is not led to think that he can be any thing, or accomplish any thing. There are exceptions, but the principle leads to this, and hence the Hottentot rises not in the scale of existence, and the mission seems to be raising itself into notice, rather than holding forth motives to the people to exert themselves.

The garden of the brethren is in the vicinity of the church. A path, hedged with roses in full bloom, stretches from one end to the other. Schmit's peartree is in the middle of this path. We here regaled ourselves with some ripe strawberries, a luxury which they enjoy for several months in the year. They have a great variety of delicious fruits, grapes, figs, oranges, lemons, excellent apples, etc. The path continued leads into the grave-yard, through a gate, on whose arches are inscribed, on one side, "Sown in weakness;" and on the other, "Raised in power."

But three or four of the members of the mission were lying there. There are no stones. Each grave is numbered, and the number and name are preserved in the church register. On the next week, on the morning of the Sabbath, at sunrise, it being easter, they expect to have their usual service in the church-yard commemorative of Christ's resurrection. The supper is celebrated on that day, when all the communicants sit down dressed in white. In the Dutch churches they are dressed in black. Our path led us on along the mountain's side, winding its way through a very refreshing shade, for at least half a mile. Here an interesting process is going on under the hand of Mr. Halbeck-a whole forest of oaks, firs, silver-trees, etc., rising up where they have never been. Wood is very scarce in this country. When Mr. H. first attempted to transplant these trees to the sides of this sandy hill, he was ridiculed beyond measure, but now the people marvel. Beyond the forest were the fine vineyards of the brethren.

12. The text to-day was, "It is finished." The exercises this week (passion week) have an allusion to the sufferings of Christ, and by the Hottentots are regarded with an unusual interest. They often travel during a Saturday afternoon to reach Genadendal for worship on the Sabbath. There have been of late in the region of Genadendal revivals religion, not unlike those witnessed in

America. Several violent opposers have been converted, and the family altar erected in many houses that once were haunts of iniquity. The last awakening, which has not yet subsided, began with a Hottentot, who was aroused to a sense of eternal things by the bite of a lizard.

13. This morning we rode down through the village on our return. Quince hedges lined our path on either side. The footpaths intersected it now and then. I should judge the village to be at least a mile in length. "Good morning," said every one that we saw. We bade farewell to Genadendal, but we shall ever think of its shady walks, its green gardens, its fountains of water, its cottages adorned with vines, but especially of its humble missionaries, and its church singing in sweet and solemn note the songs of Zion.

Miscellaneous Notices.

25. Returning to the Cape, we were happy to greet a brother missionary from the Bassouts, 150 miles from Dingaan. The people of the latter chief he has seen, and has a high opinion of them and their chief. He is very desirous that we proceed immediately forward. He has been two years among the Bassouts. The missionaries at first settled by a stream of water, with not a soul in their immediate vicinity. Already four or five hundred have gathered around them. At first they were much troubled with their ungodly interpreter. Now, however, they speak a little in the language. The language is the Betjouana.

Scarcely a day passes but intemperance in some of its distressing forms is present to our view. Scenes have occurred before our door, during our short residence here, that might well give us the prophet's emotions, "O! that my head were waters," etc. Jer. ix, 1. For a penny or two a day a man may purchase all this misery for himself and family, and all this grief to those who witness it. And yet this state of things excites to no effort. A temperance society there is in name, but no temperance efforts.

28. I was walking in the streets tonight, and hearing a confused noise of singing, beating of drums, etc., I directed my steps to a one story house whence it proceeded. It was a ceremony of some Mohammedans. I saw through the window twelve or fifteen men seated around a small room, drumming and singing in a state of great excitement, while one of the number half naked was performing a

variety of eccentric movements, throwing ||
himself into every possible position, and
at the same time catching a chain which
he threw into the air. At times the
noise would wax louder and louder, and
the dancer (or priest) would become so
furious in his gestures and features that
I could easily imagine him a demon
incarnate. This religion of the false
prophet is, in the opinion of all, increas-
ing in the number of its votaries in Cape
Town. They are kind to the slaves,
promise them a christian burial, and in
this way win them over to put on the red
handkerchief and conical head-dress, the ||
badges of Mohammed. There is a mis-
sionary here appointed and supported by
a society in town with direct reference
to these people, but he finds access to
them very difficult. The priests, and
they are numerous, have immense power.
Notwithstanding, there are from time to
time conversions among them.

May 4. To-day Doct. A. left in a vessel for Algoa Bay and Graham's town. It was thought that inquiries there respecting points that relate to our mission, would greatly facilitate us in regard to our object. He will see several of the Caffre missionaries, and hopes to obtain an interpreter. Dr. P. has kindly relinquished John Tzatzoe, a Caffre chief and assistant missionary of the London Missionary Society, if he will consent to go with us.

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sions for sleeping or sitting; and into it are turned every night, just like cattle, sixty or seventy of these men with heavy manacles on their feet, which they bear all the time. Some parts of the prison were so dark that I could not see the prisoners. At last, with much ado, they ran off one after another, to their place of worship. This was one of the alcoves of their stony prison. They all sat upon the ground. Never have I seen a more attentive audience. God grant that it may not be in vain.

From our brethren we heard three or four weeks since. They had travelled over half the distance to Griqua town, and Griqua town is about half way to Mosalekatsi. They had been five weeks nearly on the road, had lost some of their cattle, tired out others, turned one of their wagons over, but had met with no serious accident-the above being common incidents in African travelling. The locusts had wasted the country and grass and water were scarce.

15. Have seen a chief of the Griqua nation (Kok) who has come down from the frontier of the colony, a journey of seven weeks, to make a treaty with government. Phillipolis, the mission station, is in his country. It is the object of government to make allies of all the border chiefs, and thus prevent the destructive inroads of the savages behind them. The chief and his train make quite a 5. I have seen to-day a beautiful vil- respectable appearance, far more so than lage, eight miles from Cape Town, behind many white men in Cape Town. We Table Mount. The greater part of our were present at their daily service of way was under an arbor of trees. singing and prayer. The Hottentots are Whole forests of the silver-tree we no- remarkable for their sweet voices. The ticed on the sides of the mountain. We Griquas are a nation upon the northern passed through Rondebush, another neat border of the colony, and are properly village hid among the trees. You see bastard Hottentots. They have among but glimpses of the houses, as you pass them two interesting mission stations, now and then the paths leading to them.|| Griqua Town and Phillipolis. Had an Very many are country seats. Others excellent opportunity from a globe and are residences of gentlemen from India. map to explain to the chief many things There is a Methodist chapel, which is respecting our country with which he quite well attended. It is an out-station was much pleased. Kok spoke with to that in Cape Town-Rev. Messrs. much feeling of his former days of ignorShaw and Giddy missionaries.-Return-ance and his obligations to the gospel. ed and conversed on spiritual themes with a brother in Christ. I believe there are some who long for the salvation of God in this place.

10. Went with the missionary to the battery, where the convicts are kept. These are prisoners convicted of petty crimes, and sentenced to work on the public streets for a certain number of years. Many are Mohammedans, their religion holding out incentives to crime and a very easy absolution. The battery, I believe, has scarcely any provi

Sad, indeed, is it, that such a man, one of more power in his own country, than is even the governor in the colony of the Cape of Good Hope, should be insulted and mocked in the streets of Cape Town because he is a Hottentot! But such is the prejudice here in many minds against the aborigines, who were once proprietors of this very soil.

18. A missionary is laboring in Cape Town for the good of the natives of Madagascar, not an unimportant class. He has audiences of fifty or sixty. He has

interested us often by facts relative to the cause in Madagascar. After the death of the chief Radama, as described by Bennet, a queen came to the throne who is much less favorable to the mission. She immediately passed a decree that all the English should leave the island within ten years from their arrival. This is the cause of Mr. C.'s residence here. He hopes for the revocation of the decree. It is the opinion of Mr. C. that since the kind of union of church and state which subsisted under Radama is dissolved, the mission has actually been more flourishing. Radama chose to encourage education, and offered to promote to high offices those who should first learn to read and write. Instantly thousands were in the schools. Now the Christians are persecuted, but they are zealous. When they go out as soldiers they take with them their Bibles and instruct and exhort their companions. The schools are flourishing, though not so numerously attended. The preaching meets with more success than formerly, and even should the missionaries be obliged to leave the island, we may have hope for Madagascar. Some of the youth know the original languages of the Bible, and there is a prospect of native evangelists. Parts of the Bible and tracts are in circulation.

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harbor by its side. The harbor is quite small, and capable of accommodating not over fifteen or twenty vessels. There were three or four vessels at anchor. Within fifteen minutes walk is another village larger than Cerenea. The governor of the place confirmed the statements which we had heard before, that there is very little fever in Lapithos.

This morning we directed our course to the mountains again. In one hour and fifteen minutes we arrived at the ruins of the convent of Bellapais, on the side of the mountain. It is situated on a rocky eminence, and overlooks a charming country. It is purely gothic, and was built by Hugo, 3d of the Lusignans. The refectory and church, which are on opposite sides of the same court, are in a fine state of preservation. The former is 119 by 44 feet, and the latter 110 by 60. They are noble buildings, and need very little repair to make them valuable. The church is now used as a place of worship by a few Greeks, who reside in the village near. The wine-cellar beneath the refectory is of the same size with the latter, and is as fresh and solid as if it were built only ten years ago. Not a stone is displaced, nor materially injured by time. It is about six hundred and fifty years old.

After toiling one hour up the mountain, over limestone in its various forms, we at length reached the top. A tedious ride of three more hours brought us within a short distance of the convent of St. Chrysostom. The clouds hovered over the peaks of the mountains, and the wind from Caramania endeavored to drive them to the south, over the plain. As often, however, as the clouds appeared, the warmer atmosphere of the plain dissipated them, and they soon vanished. This is a singular fact, and will account for the difference in the appearance of vegetation in the plains of Messarea on the one hand, and of Lapithos and Carpasi on the other. Although the fields on the south side of the mountain were quite green, yet vegetation was somewhat retarded, and the ground dry, while on the north, it was luxuriant and the earth was moist.

Leaving our beasts and attendant to find their way to the convent near, we procured a deacon for a guide and pursued our way to the top of Buffavento, at whose base we had arrived. For about half an hour our ascent, though difficult, was not dangerous. We then arrived at the foot of a precipitous range of rocks, which we ascended by a path hewn out for the convenience of foot

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