village, "Bugsill, Hastings rape, on the W. side of Rotherbridge," which is N. of Battle. As Clarendon Park is in Wilts, 3 miles on the E. side of Salisbury, it seems likely that Sir Alan was Bailiff of Buckholt in Hants, rather than of Buckhole, Sussex.

There is one Graveley in Co. Cambridge, near Papworth and Huntingdon; and another near Stevenage, Co. Herts.

As Sir Alan was also keeper of the King's lodge in Waltham Forest, Essex, his duties evidently took him far afield, and there seems just a possibility that Buxhall, near Stowmarket, Suffolk, may have some association with one or other branches of the family. HENRY CURTIS.

LETTERS OF GEORGE HAMMOND, FIRST BRITISH MINISTER TO THE UNITED STATES (12 S. xi. 410).-As I have seen no reply to MR. J. F. JAMESON'S query concerning these letters, I would recommend him to apply to the Honble. Miss Hammond, daughter of the late Lord Hammond (who died in 1890), and grand-daughter of George Hammond; as she possibly may be able to give him the information he is seeking. A lady with whom I am acquainted has a fine portrait (kit-cat) of George Hammond, in bobbed powdered wig, red coat, and laced cuffs and neck-kerchief, which might be by Gainsborough or Romney.

CROSS CROSSLET.

1918, was " endowed " with a caul, and that the nurse appropriated it. Thirty or forty years ago, weekly newspapers circulating in the East end of London contained advertisements of cauls for disposal. H. PROSSER CHANTER.

Whetstone, Middlesex.

THE MONKEY-TREE (12 S. xi. 412, 474).tree called the monkey-puzzler, and this is the Until quite recently I always heard this form used by Kipling in his short story, 'The Puzzler' (Actions and Reactions'). Is "monkey-puzzle " a more recent form? A cousin tells me that he has not heard it except from a young friend in the early twenties, and I have heard it only from onestill younger. G. H. WHITE.

23. Weighton Road, Anerley.

"HUNGER" IN PLACE-NAMES 511; xii. 18).--The majority of (12 S. xi. Hunger Hills " are no doubt O.E. for hangra, the hanger, or hanging hill-the wood or field on the slope of the hill. But where local circumstances suit the literal meaning of Hungry hill, the hill which produces starvation crops, this must not be excluded. This brings the name into the class of fieldnames, such as Hungry bottom, Starveacre, "Starveacrow or "Starvelarkfield," etc.

There

UVEDALE LAMBERT.

the lady above-mentioned for a letter to be forwarded.]

a

JULIAN HIBBERT (12 S. xi. 512).-Some note on Julian Hibbert's career, with brief reference to the contents of his will, appeared at 12 S. i. 327, 410.

R. S. P. FOLK-LORE: CAULS (12 S. xii. 9).-During the war there were frequent advertisements of cauls in provincial newspapers and the Star reproduced them. In one instance £5 was the price stipulated. I have been informed by Mr. Charles Cutler of the Press Association that his child, born in April,

side

They consist of a series of hills with. steep declivities and formerly wooded. The immediate neighbourhood is known as "" The Coppice," and there is a Coppice Road, so that Canon Bannister's translation of Hangra as a wood on a steep hillwould be here a suitable description. There are numerous references to the Hunger Hills in Nottingham Borough Records, under various spellings; in 1306 as and other Hongerhill; 1435 Vngerhill; are_Hungurhill, Hungerhyll and Hungray Hills. The Editor of the Records,' in a note, refers to the Hangra," a meadow or grass plot usually by the side of a road;" also to Grimm, "Anger,' a plot of land probably cultivated," neither of which seems strictly applicable to the Nottingham Hunger Hills.

forms

There appears nothing here to suggest that the name refers to a road or track. The Coppice road which cuts through, the hills is comparatively new.

There is Hungerton in the Vale of Belvoir, but I am not conversant with its situation. It appears dangerous to assume the meaning of a name from its present form.

I see (Isaac Taylor's Words and Places') that Hungerford in the South of England was anciently Ingleford," or the ford of the Angles; and Inglefield in the same neigh

bourhood seems to confirm this.

West Bridgford.

F. R. J.

WEB (WEBB) FAMILY (12 S. xi. 371, 496). Can any reader explain why Webb of Reading is shewn in Burke's Landed Gentry as descended from Webb of Salisbury? Sir William Webb of Salisbury (ob. (ob. 1523) left William his son executor (12 Bodfelde). There is no reference to a son Hugh (who is shewn in the above quoted pedigree as issue by wife Joane (Stone) and father of John Webb of Wokingham. Whence is this derived. What proof is there that John Webb of Wokingham was father of Sir William Webb of Reading and London (62 Kidd)?

In a

Robert and Walter Long were sons of Edith, wife of Sir Wm. Webb of Salisbury, by a former marriage with Robert Long (4 Blamyr-1501). Chancery suit, c. 1504, regarding the estate of the above Robert Long, reference is made to Margaret Webb, sole executrix of Robert Long. Her husband, William Webb, is joined in the suit. Who were they?

As to the Rev. Hugh Webb of Bromham being related to either family, his family were residing in Bromham 300 years before

his time.

W. A. WEBB. WILLIAM HENRY HARVEY, BOTANIST (12 S. xi. 452). From inquiries made, I gather that the tombstone over the grave of Harvey in the Torquay cemetery lies in a recumbent position, and that the inscription is partly obliterated. So much as can be deciphered reads: William Henry Harvey, M.D., F.R.S., Professor of Botany in the University, Dublin. Son of the Joseph Massey Harvey Limerick. Born 5th February, 1811; died 15th May, 1866.

"

"THE Gold-headed Cane was first published by John Murray in 1827. A second edition was published in 1828. In 1884 Longmans brought out a third, under the editorship of William Munk, and with a continuation of the narrative to 1858. The text and illustrations of the New York in 1915, and the present edition, second edition were re-printed by Hoeber of the fifth, gives us the second edition yet again, with the original footnotes and illustrations, as well as many new notes by the Editor and six good photogravure portraits of the six physicians to whom in turn the Cane was passed. The author of the book, which first came out anonymously, was Dr. William Macmichael (1784-1839), a writer on medical subjects rather than a practising physician, who was paid a hundred guineas for the work by the publisher. It is perhaps curious that the autobiography of a Cane a rather stiff and childish conceit-carried out in a somewhat long-winded style and containing what purport to be reports of somewhat tedious conversations between the learned, should have attained to renown, if not to popularity, so is, at any rate, widely known by name. This far as has 'The Gold-headed Cane '-for it is to be accounted for partly by the abundance of pleasant anecdotes and out of the way information embedded in it; partly by the not unskilful portraits of the owners of the Cane (these begin with Radcliffe, the benefactor of Oxford), and again by a certain humorousness and broad, kindly humanity which pervade it as a whole. Our correspondent, Dr. Peachey, editor of this new edition, has much enhanced its merits. His Introduction discusses the arms engraved upon the Cane and gives a importance to medicine of the owners, tonew sketch of the lives, work, and general gether with an account of memorials to them. The footnotes are excellent, elucidating biographical points, recording where portraits and other interesting objects are now to be found, and adding many a good, illustrative Askew were great bibliophiles and collectors anecdote or stroke of comedy. Mead and and give frequent occasion to interesting remarks on prints, book-plates (though neither possessed one) and kindred subjects. Most readers know that English learning owes a considerable debt to the physician of the

6

eighteenth century. It would be difficult to find a more enjoyable way of confirming and rounding out this general notion with historical fact than by a perusal of The Goldheaded Cane.' The volume is a quarto of xxvii + 195 pages, well-printed and most satisfactory both to eye and hand.

Eight Chapters on English Medieval Art. By E. S. Prior. (Cambridge University Press. 6s. net).

WHEN the Norman conquest brought builders and new architectural ideas from the Continent to England it did not break into a virgin, unoccupied field. Saxon building, it is true, was poor; but the national sense for art was a living thing, able to show, at least in sculpture, better achievement than the conquerors themselves. In Saxon sculpture, several traditions of the craft-Byzantine, Irish, Viking -may be seen to meet, and to be transmuted by the national genius. The first generations of English craftsmen, working under the direction and inspiration of foreign Benedictines were held chiefly to constructive work and to painting. Our author has an illuminating comparison of the conditions of abbey building in the twelfth century with those in some savage see where a Bishop may teach his native congregation to build churches.

But if alien science for a while dominated and extended English knowledge and English skill, the genius of the people presently won, and kept, its own way. The stages in the development of English architecture are well known, its excellences and its differentiating qualities well understood, though the greatness of our inheritance has been spoiled and diminished by the dissolution of the monas teries and the ravages of Puritanism. There seems, however, still room for a study which shall unite the ethical, artistic, and economic developments of English Gothic showing their interrelations, and comparing them with like developments abroad. The Abbot built for a monastery, a group of men set apart; the Bishop, later, for his diocese: both for religion. Then came the building of Kingsdevout but appreciative of and instructed somewhat in art for art's sake-and the rise and expression of the ideas of chivalry. To this succeeded the aspirations and spiritual needs of the common well-to-do

man, who

would spend some of his wealth for the good

of his soul and found the centre for this in his parish church. The nameless mason for whom decoration is but an incident in construction, or an economy devised and worked out on the spot, gives place to the craftsman in his workshop, for whom a work of art has an independent value, who has a name and fame for such, and will supply works from his shop to furnish buildings at a distance. Differences in the nature of the materials to hand, and in facilities for transport, made differences in the building and orna

ment, of different parts of the country. What conceptions, again, determined the decision of the main ground plan, the arcading, and the lighting of a building? What the choice of the square rather than the apsidal east end?the disposition of the Lady chapel? the relation between decoration and construction? the roofing? the size of tower and spire? The importance of a groundwork of clear ideas on these questions for an understanding and enjoyment of English architecture cannot be with this intent too heavy with detail and too exaggerated. It would be easy to make a book long-or, on the other hand, too slight and sketchy. Professor Prior has admirably, in his plan, and in the choice of illustrative matter, hit the truly useful mean. Even readers who have already a good knowledge of the subject, will probably find that this book clinches, systematizes, and clarifies that knowledge. There is, however, one criticism we are constrained to make. Professor Prior declines sometimes into the most curious crabbedness of style, which, in a few instances, meaning can be guessed at. we found unintelligible, though in most the We read of abbots who

66

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were seldom enterprised to build quires;" of " weight and mass. the expediencies of the wall;" of the .making tality and morality of buildings; of versionings," windowings and "effifessor Prior is of opinion that the cross-legged This last word reminds us that Progyists.' effigies of knights are merely renderings of an "observed attitude of natural recumbency their meaning thus being simply repose. detail, given in a footnote, filled us with indignant surprise. He tells us that he himself, at Lincoln, saw the old sapphire blue [of stained glass] thrown on the ground and trampled to fragments by the restorer.' this time of day so gross an act of vandalism on the part of any one entrusted with work on a mediæval building is nearly incredible.

66

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Notices to Correspondents.

66

One.

At

EDITORIAL Communications should be addressed to The Editor of Notes and Queries," ments, Business Letters and Corrected Proofs. 22, Essex Street, Strand, W.C.2."-AdvertiseWycombe, Bucks. The Publisher "-at 20, High Street, High

to

re

WHEN sending a letter to be forwarded to another contributor, correspondents are quested to put in the top left-hand corner of the envelope the number of the page of 'N. & Q.' to which the letter refers.

ANEURIN WILLIAMS.-E. Edwards, the painter, was a native of London, son of a chairmaker from Shrewsbury. He died in 1806. He exhibited first at the Free Society of Artists, 1763, then at the Incorporated Society of Artists and at the Royal Academy.

CONTENTS.-No. 250. NOTES:-" Wetting a horse's head," 63-Sussex Harvest Home songs, 64-The Milton-Ovid Script, 65" Titulo dignatus equestri "-Roe of Tuddenham, 66-Preservation of Military Records of the Great War, 67-John Duns Scotus and Dumfries - Eye Leads William Upcott's Sale Catalogue, 68. QUERIES:-Two Stuart Medals-Col. Guy Johnson: Portrait Chess-Byerly Family-Roman House, Wemberham, 69-Philip Brown M.D.-ThropAshworth-" I. F. C.”—Martin-" Plimsolls," 70Battle of Mechen-Saddlers' Customs-Historical Horses-" A few kind of": those sort of "Leslies of Clisson - XIX Century print Unknown Visitor to Egyptian Tomb-Bispham Family Sergeant Thomas Jacob-Impey-Kensington-Kyd-Kidd - Origin wanted - Author wanted, 71.

"

REPLIES.-Boccaccio's 'Decamerone,' 72 - J. Buckoll, 73-Agricultural use of Sea-sandRoyal Badges Bean Club-Italian Actors in

England, XVII Century, 74-Hereditary Use of Surnames and Arms-Folk-lore: Cauls Inquisitions post mortem, 75-French Coinage and the Birmingham Mint-" Whip " (naut.) The MiltonOvid Script Whittington's Knighthood 76 Dickens's Punch-George I Statues, 77-The Stocks-" Famille

owner of the horse, "what do you mean ?" Then the smith explained:

"No-one ever fetches a young hoss here to be shod for the first time without standin' treat at the public an' wettin' its head. I've been here for over forty years an' I never knew of but one case of the owner of a hoss which had shoes putten on for the first time who didn't stand treat, an' it was the same in my father's day. The man who didn't have his hoss's head wet lost it [i.e. it died] in a few weeks, which some of the old men who gathered up said it wad."

So, after this explanation, the smith, his apprentice and the veterans who daily haunt the smithy, adjourned over the way to observe the customary head wetting.' Apparently the landlord expected them, for he greeted the party (which I had been urged to join), with "Noo then, you'll be wettin' t'young hoss's head, Ah lay [guess]. Like a Has he stood middlin' quiet? christian! neea bother i' neeawaay,' replied the knight of the leather apron. Some of the greybeards added their testimony as to the docility of the newly-shod, and, whilst "glasses o' yal" and " drops o' gin were being brought in instances of other horses which had conducted themselves like "wild animals "" (( and nearly riven t'shop were recalled. Then, when the glasses were all in front of the "head wetters," the smith rose-as the main actor in the operation and the presiding geniusand made a little set speech, probably the replica of many others delivered on similar occasions :

names

Notices to Correspondents.

Notes.

"Well! here's wishing good luck to the colt, hopin' it'll never be either sick or sorry an' that it'll do well for you while you have it an' leave a nice profit when you sell it." To this toast we all raised our glasses. The very good health an' prosperity was then drunk, and the ceremony of wetting the colt's head " was at an end.

new purchase is shod) known as wetting its head." Now the youthful owner of the aforementioned colt was not familiar with local usages, and was about to lead the newly-shod animal out of the forge, when the smith said in a tone of voice eloquent of surprise and reproof: Nay, however, you can't take it yam while [till] we've wetten it's head." "Wet its head!" reiterated the

I believe at one time there was some ritual at the forge. A gallon or so of beer was carried thither from the inn, and passed three times over the forge. A pint or so of the liquor added to half a bucket of warm water was then offered to the horse. This part of the custom seems, however, to have become obsolete.

It is quite a regular occurrence in the northern counties for a farmer or dealer who has sold a beast to take the buyer to the nearest inn "to wet it's head for luck," though the obligation does not seem so bind

1