27. Articulation is the cutting out and Anecdote. Accommodating. A Physishaping, in a perfectly distinct and appro- cian-advertised, that at the request of his priate manner, with the organs of speech, friends, he had moved near the church-yard; all the simple and compound sounds which and trusted that his removal would accomour twenty-six letters represent. It is to modate many of his patients. No doubt of it. the ear what a fair hand-writing is to the eye, and relates, of course, to the sounds, not to the names, of both vowels and consonants. It depends on the exact positions and correct operations, of the vocal powers, and on the ability to vary them with rapidity, precision and effect: thus, articulation is purely an intellectual act, and belongs not to any of the brute creation.

Proverbs. 1. A thousand probabilities will not make one truth. 2. A hand-saw is a good thing, but not to shave with. 3. Gentility, without ability, is worse than beggary. 4. A man may talk like a wise man, and yet act like a fool. 5. If we would succeed in any thing, we must use the proper means. 6. A liar should have a good memory. 7. Charity begins at home, but does

28. The second sound of I is short: not end there. 8. An ounce of mother wit is

[I in ILL.]

ILL; inn, imp; the ser-vile
spir-it of a rep-tile lib-er-tine is
hos-tile to fem-i-nine fi-del-i-
ty; the pu-er-ile dis-ci-pline
of mer-can-tile chi-cane-ry, is
the ar-tif-i-cer of mil-i-ta-ry
des-po-tism; the fer-tile eg-
lan-tine is des-tin'd for a ju-ve-nile gift; the
gen-u-ine pro-file of Cap-tain White-field is
the an-tip-o-des of in-di-vi-si-bil-i-ty; the
wind, in the vi-cin-i-ty of mount Lib-a-nus,
is a me-di-ci-nal for the con-spir-a-cy of the
brig-and; the pris-tine foun-tains of the
ad-a-man-tine spring is sul-lied with the
guil-ty guil-o-tine; man is an ex-quis-ite
e-pit-o-me of the in-fi-nite Di-vin-i-ty, and
should be stud-ied as def-i-nite-ly as pos-

si-ble.

29. Two grand objects are, to correct bad habits, and form good ones; which may be done by the practice of analysis and synthesis: that is, taking compound sounds, syllables, words, and sentences into pieces; or, resolving them into their component parts, and then recombining, or putting them together again. Error must be eradicated, or truth cannot be received; we must cease to do evil, and learn to do well: what is true can be received only in proportion as its opposite false is removed.

worth a pound of learning. 9. Short reckonings make long friends. 10. Custom is the plague of wise men, and the idol of fools. 11. Every one knows best where his own shoe pinches. A faint heart never won a fair lady.

Freedom. When freedom is spoken of, every one has an idea of what is meant ; for every one has known what it is to live in freedom, and also what it is to live, and act under restraint. But then it is obvious that different persons feel in freedom, according to circumstances; things which restrain and infringe upon the freedom of some, have no such effect upon others. So that in the same situation in which one in bondage. Hence, it is evident that tho’ would feel free, another would feel himself all have a general idea of what freedom is, yet all have not the same idea of it. For the same circumstances, it follows, that freeas different persons would not all be free in dom itself is not the same thing to all. Of and various as the kinds of love are by which course, the kinds of freedom are as many we are all governed: and our freedom is genuine or not genuine, according as our ruling love is good or evil.

Varieties. 1. Did you ever consider how many millions of people-live, and die, igno30. Irregulars. A, E, O, U, and Y, in a rant of themselves and the world? 2. Stinfew words, have this sound: as-the hom-age giness soon becomes a confirmed habit, and giv-en to pret-ty wom-en has been the rich-est increases with our years. 3. The man, who bus-'ness of pet-ty tyr-an-ny, since the English is just, and firm in his purpose, cannot be proph-e-cy of Py-thag-o-rus; the styg-i-an fur-shaken in his determined mind, either by nace of bus-y Wal-lace, in Hon-ey al-ley, is a med-ley of pyr-i-tes, and the treb-le cyn-o-sure of cyg-nets, hys-sop, and syn-o-nyms.

Notes. 1. Beware of Mr. Walker's error, in giving the sound of long E to the final unaccented I and Y of syllables and words, which is always short: as,-as-per-ee-tee, for as-per-i-ty, mee-nor-ee-tee, for mi-nor-i-ty; char-ee-tee for char-i-ty; pos-seea-l-ee-tee, for pos-si-bil-i-ty, &c. 2. Some give the short sound of I to A in the unaccented syllables of-ad-age, cab-bage, pos-tage, bon-dage, u-sage, &c., which is agreeable to the authorities, and to give the a as in at, savors of affectation. 3. I is silent in evil, devil, cousin, basin, &c. 4. I, in final unaccented syllables, not ending a word, is generally short; si-mil-i-tude, fi-del-i-ty, minor-i-ty.

A bark, at midnight, sent alone

To drift upon a moonless sea,—
A lute, whose leading chord-is gone,
A wounded bird, that has but one
Imperfect wing-to soar upon,-

Is like what I am-wi hout thee.

threats or promises. 4. By continually scol ding children and domestics, for small faults, they finally become accustomed to it, and despise the reproof. 5. Good books-are not only a nourishment to the mind, but they enlighten and expand it. 6. Why do we turn from those living in this world, to those who have left it, for the evidences of genuine love? 7. All principles love their nearest relatives, and seek fellowship and conjunction with

them.

|

Natural Philosophy-ncludes all substances that affect our five senses,—hearing, seeing, tasting, smelling and feeling; which substances are called matter, and exist in three states, or conditions,-solid, when the

31. The organs of speech are, the dorsal and abdominal muscles, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, the thorax or chest, the lungs, the trachea or wind-pipe, the larynx, (composed of five elastic cartilages, the upper one being the epiglottis,) the glot-particles cohere together, so as not to be easily tis, palate, tongue, teeth, lips and nose: but, in all efforts, we must use the whole body. All vowel sounds are made in the Larynx, or vocal box, and all the consonant sounds above this organ.

separated; as rocks, wood, trees, &c.: liquid, when they cohere slightly, and separate freely; as water: and gaseous, or aeriform state, when they not only separate freely, but tend to recede from each other, as far as

32. O has three regular sounds: first, the space they occupy, or their pressure will

its NAME sound, or long: OLD;
the sloth-ful doge copes with the
flo-rist before Pha-raoh, and
Sows on-ly yel-low oats and o-
sier; the home-ly por-trait of the
a-tro-cious gold-smith is the yeo-
man-ry's pil-low; Job won't go [0 in OLD.]
to Rome and pour tal-low o-ver the broach
of the pre-co-cious wid-ow Gross; the
whole corps of for-gers tore the tro-phy
from the fel-low's nose, and told him to
store it under the po-ten-tate's so-fa, where
the de-co-rus pa-trol pour'd the hoa-ry min-

nows.

permit,-as air, &c.

Educators, and Education. We all must serve an apprenticeship to the five senses; and, at every step, we need assistance in learning our trade: gentleness, patience, and love are almost every thing in education: they constitute a mild and blessed atmosphere, which enters into a child's soul, like sunshine into the rosebud, slowly, but surely expanding it into vigor and beauty. Parents and Teachers must govern their own feelings, and keep their hearts and consciences pure, following principle, 33. A correct and pure articulation, is instead of impulse. The cultivation of the indispensable to the public speaker, and es- affections and the development of the body's sential in private conversation: every one, senses, begin together. The first effort of therefore, should make himself master of it. intellect is to associate the names of objects All, who are resolved to acquire such an with the sight of them; hence, the necesarticulation, and faithfully use the means, sity of early habits of observation-of pay(which are here furnished in abundance,) ing attention to surrounding things and will most certainly succeed, though opposed events; and enquiring the whys and whereby slight organic defects; for the mind may fores of every thing; this will lead to the qualobtain supreme control over the whole body. ities, shapes, and states of inanimate sub34. Irregulars. Au, Eau, and Ew, have stances; such as hard, soft, round, square, hot, cold, swift, slow, &c.; then of vegeta this sound in a few words: The beau Ros-bles, afterwards of animals; and finally, of seau, with mourn-ful hau-feur, stole the haut-men, angels, and God. In forming the boy, bu-reau, cha-teau and flam-beaux, and human character, we must not proceed as poked them into his port-manteau, before the the sculptor does, in the formation of a stabelle sowed his toe to the har-row, for strew-tue, working sometimes on one part, then ing the shew-bread on the plat-eau. on another; but as nature does in forming Anecdote. A Narrow Escape. A pedan-a flower, or any other production; throwing tic English traveler, boasting that he had been out altogether the whole system of being, so fortunate, as to escape Mr. Jefferson's ce- and all the rudiments of every part. lebrated non-importation law, was told by a

Yankee lady, “he was a very lucky man: for

she understood that the non-importation law prohibited the importing of goods, of which brass-was the chief composition."

Proverbs. 1. Affairs, like salt-fish, should be a long time soaking. 2. A fool's tongue, like a monkey's tail, designates the animal. 3. All are not thieves that dogs bark at.

4. An ant may

Varieties. 1. The just man will flourish in spite of envy. 2. Disappointment and suffering, are the school of wisdom. 3. Is corporeal punishment necessary in the school, army and navy? 4. Every thing within the scope of human power, can be accomplished by well-directed efforts. 5. WOMAN-the morning-star of our youth, the day-star of our manhood, and the evening-star of our age. 6. When Newton was asked-by what means he made his discoveries in science, he replied, "by thinking." 7. Infinity-can never be received fully-by any recipient, either in

work its heart out, but it can never make honey.
5. Better go around, than fall into the ditch. 6.
Church work generally goes on slowly. 7. Those,
whom guilt contaminates, it renders equal. 8.
Force, without forecast, is little worth. 9. Gen-heaven, or on earth.
tility, without ability, is worse than plain beg-The silver eel, in shining volumes roll'd,
gary. 10. Invite, rather than avoid labor.
He'll go to law, at the wagging of a straw.
Hobson's choice,—that, or none.

'Tis not, indeed, my talent-to engage In lofty trifles; or, to swell my pageWith wind, and noise.

11.

12.

The yellow carp, in scales bedropp'd with gold;
Round broken columns, clasping ivy twin'd,
And o'er the ruins—stalk'd the stately hind.
O cursed thirst of gold ! when, for thy sake,
The fool-throws up his interest in both worlds;
| First, starv'd in this, then, damn'd-in that to come

35. Attend to the quantity and quality of the sounds, which you and others make; that is, the volume and purity of voice, the time occupied, and the manner of enunciating letters, words, and sentences: also, learn their differences and distinctions, and make your voice produce, and your ear observe them. Get clear and distinct ideas and conceptions of things and principles, both as respects spirit, and matter; or you will grope in darkness.

#36. The second sound of O is close:
OOZE; do stoop, and choose
to ac-cou-tre the gour-mand
and trou-ba-dour, with boots!
and shoes; the soot-y cou-ri-er'
broods a youth-ful boor to gam-
boge the goose for a dou-ceur;
Brougham, (Broom,) proves the
uncouth dra-goon to be a wound-ed tou-rist
by his droop-ing sur-tout; it be-hoves the
boo-by to shoot his bou-sy noo-dle soon,
lest, buo-yant with soup, the fool moor his
poor ca-noe to the roof of the moon.

[O in OOZE.]

37. The difference between expulsion and explosion is, that the latter calls into use, principally, the lungs, or thorax: i. e. the effort is made too much above the diaphragm the former requires the combined action of the muscles below the midriff; this is favorable to voice and health; that is deleterious, generally, to both: many a one has injured his voice, by this unnatural process, and others have exploded their health, and some their life; beware of it.

Notes. 1. Au, in some French words, have this sound; 8-chef-d'eau-vre, (she-doovr, a master stroke ;) also, Eu; as-maneu-vre; coup-d'œil, (coo-dale, first, or slight view ;) coup-demain, (a sudden attack ;) and coup-de-grace, (coo-de-gras, the finishing stroke). 2. Beware of Walker's erroneous notation in pro

nouncing oo in book, cook, took, look, &c., like the second sound of o, as in boon, pool, tooth, &c. In these first examples, the oo is like u in pull; and in the latter the o is close. In the word to, in the following,

when it constitutes a part of the verb, the o is close: as-"in the

examples alluded to;" "attend t' the exceptions." 3. In concert practice, many will let out their voices, who would read so low as not to be heard, if reading individually.

11.

Proverbs. 1. A fog-cannot be dispelled with a fan. 2. A good tale—is often marr'd in telling. 3. Diligence-makes all things appear easy. 4. A good name—is better than riches. 5. A man may even say his prayers out of time. 6. A-pel-les-was not a painter in a day. 7. A plaster is a small amends for a broken head. 8. All are not saints that go to church. 9. A man may live upon little, but he cannot live upon nothing at all. 10. A rolling stone gathers no moss. Patience is a bitter seed; but it yields sweet fruit. 12. The longest life must have an end. There is a pleasure-in the pathless woods, There is a rapture-on the lonely shore, There is society, where none intrudes, By the deep Sea, and music-in its roar : I love not Man-the less, but Nature-more, From these our interviews, in which I steal From all I may be, or have been before, To mingle-with the Universe, and feelWhat I can ne'er express, yet cannot all conceal.

Causes of Greek Perfection. All Greek Philologists have failed to account satisfactorily, for the form, harmony, power, and superiority of that language. The reason seems to be, that they have sought for a thing where it is not to be found; they have look'd into books, to see what was never written in books; but which alone could be heard. They learned to read by ear, and not by letters; ; and, instead of having manuscripts before them, they memorized their contents, and made the thoughts their own, by actual appropriation. When an author wished to have his work published, he used the living voice of himself, or of a public orator, for the printer and bookseller: and the public speaker, who was the best qualified for the task, would get the most business: the greater effect they produced, the higher their reputation. The human voice, being the grand instrument, highest perfection. Beware of dead book was developed, cultivated, and tuned to the knowledge, and seek for living, moving nature: touch the letter-only to make it alive with the eternal soul.

me."

which is similar to the phrase-catching
Anecdote. I hold a wolf by the ears:
a Tartar; supposed to have arisen from a
trooper, meeting a Tarter in the woods,
and exclaiming, that he had caught one: to
which his companion replied,-"Bring him
along, then;"-he answered, “I can't;"
"Then come yourself;"-"He won't let
The meaning of which is, to repre-
sent a man grappling with such difficulties,
that he knows not how to advance or recede.
Varieties.
such beautiful flowers-should spring from
1. Is it not strange, that
the dust, on which we tread? 2. Patient,
persevering thought-has done more to en-
lighten and improve mankind, than all the
sudden and brilliant efforts of genius. 3. It
is astonishing, how much a little added to a
little, will, in time, amount to. 4. The hap
piest state of man-is-that of doing good,
for its own sake. 5. It is much safer, to
think-what we say, than to say what we
think. 6. In affairs of the heart, the only
trafic is-love for love; and the exchange
all for all. 7. There are as many orders of
truth, as there are of created objects of order
in the world; and as many orders of good-
proper to such truth.

There is a spell-in every flower,
A sweetness-in each spray,
And every simple bird-hath power-
To please me, with its lay.
And there is music-on the breeze,
Th't sports along the glade,
The crystal dew-drops-on the trees,
Are gems-by fancy made.
O, there is joy and happiness-
In every thing I see,

Which bids my soul rise up, and bless
The God, th❜t blesses me.

38. Oratory-in all its refinement, and Analogies. Light-is used in all lannecessary circumstances, belongs to no par-guages, as the representative of truth in its ticular people, to the exclusion of others; power of illustrating the understanding. nor is it the gift of nature alone; but, like Sheep, lambs, doves, &c., are analogous to, other acquirements, it is the reward of ardu- or represent certain principles and affections us efforts, under the guidance of consummate of the mind, which are pure and innocent; and hence, we select them as fit representaskill. Perfection, in this art, as well as in all tives of such affections: while, on the other others, is the work of time and labor, prompt-hand, bears, wolves, serpents, and the like,

ed by true feeling, and guided by correct thought.

[0 in ON.]

39. The third sound of O is short: ON; fore-head, prod-uce; the dol-o-rous coll-ier trode on the bronz'd ob-e-lisk, and his solace was a com-bat for om-lets made of gor-geous cor-als; the vol-a-tile pro-cess of making ros-in glob-ules of trop-i-cal mon-ades is extraor-di-na-ry; the doc-ile George for-got the joc-und copse in his som-bre prog-ress to the moss broth_in_yon-der_trough of knowl-edge; beyond the flor-id frosts of morn-ing are the sop-o-rif-ic prod-ucts of the hol-y-days.

40. Dean Kirwan, a celebrated pulpit orator, was so thoroughly convinced of the importance of manner, as an instrument of doing good, that he carefully studied all his tones and gestures; and his well modulated and commanding voice, his striking attitudes, and his varied emphatic action, greatly aided his wing-ed words, in instructing, melting, inflaming, terrifying and overwhelming his auditors.

are thought to represent their like affections. In painting and sculpture it is the artist's great aim, to represent, by sensible colors, and to embody under material forms, certain ideas, or principles, which belong to the mind, and give form to his conceptions on canvass, or on marble: and, if his execution be equal to his conception, there will be a perfect correspondence, or analogy, between his picture, or statue, and the ideas, which he had endeavored therein to express. The works of the greatest masters in poetry, and those which will live the longest, contain the most of pure correspondences; for genuine poetry is identical with truth; and it is the truth, in such works, which is their living principle, and the source of their power over the mind.

Anecdote. Ready Wit. A boy, having been praised for his quickness of reply, a gentleman observed," When children are so keen in their youth, they are generally stupid when they become advanced in years. What a very sensible boy you must have been, sir,”—replied the lad.

יי

Varieties. 1. Why is a thinking person like a mirror? because he reflects. 2. Self41. Irregulars. A sometimes has this sufficiency-is a rock, on which thousands Sound: For what was the wad-dling swan perish; while diffidence, with a proper sense quar-rel-ing with the wasp wan-der-ing and of our strength, and worthiness, generally wab-bling in the swamp? it was in a quan- ensures success. 3. Industry-is the law of da-ry for the quan-ti-ty of wars be-tween our being; it is the demand of nature, of reathe squash and wash-tub, I war-rant you. son, and of God. 4. The generality of manNotes. 1. The o in nor is like o in on and or: and the rea-kind-spend the early part of their lives ir. son why it appears to be different, is that the letter r, when smooth, being formed the lowest in the throat of any of the consonants, contributing to render the latter part miserapartakes more of the properties of the vowel than the rest. 2. Oble. 5. When we do wrong, being convincis silent in the final syllables of pris-on, bi-son, dam-son, ma-son, ed of it-is the first step towards amendpar-son, sex-ton, ar-son, bla-zon, glut-ton, par-don, but-ton, rea-son, ment. 6. The style of writing, adopted by mut-ton, ba-con, trea-son, reck-on, sea-son, u-ni-son, ho-ri-zon, san, les-son, per-son, Mil-ton, John-son, Thomp-son, &c.

ΜΠΟΥ,

crim

Proverbs. 1. A man of gladness-seldom falls into madness. 2. A new broom sweeps clean. 3. A whetstone-can't itself cut, yet it makes tools cut. 4. Better go around, than fall into the ditch. 5. Religion-is an excellent ar but a bad cloke. 6. The early bird-catches the worm. 7. Every one's faults are not written in their fore-heads. 8. Fire and water-are excellent servants, but bad masters. 9. Fools and obstinate people, make lawyers rich. 10. Good counsel has no price. 11. Great barkers-are no biters. 12. Regard the interests of others, as well as your own.

'Tis liberty, alone, that gives the flower
Of fleeting life its lustre, and perfume;
And we are weeds without it.

Man's soul-in a perpetual motion flows,
And to no outward cause-that motion owes.

persons of equal education and intelligence,
is the criterion of correct language. 7. To
go against reason and its dictates, when pure,
is to go against God: such reason-is the di-
vine governor of man's life: it is the very
voice of God.

THE EVENING BELLS.
Those evening bells, those evening bells!
How many a tale-their music tells
Of youth, and home, and native clime,
When I last heard their soothing chime.
Those pleasant hours have passed away,
And many a heart, that then was gay,
Within the tomb-now darkly dwells,
And hears no more those evening bells.
And so it will be when I am gone;
That tuneful peal-will still ring on,
When other bards-shall walk these dells,
And sing your praise, sweet evening bells.

42. Yield implicit obedience to all rules Proverbs. 1. Fools and principles, that are founded in nature and science, because, ease, gracefulness, and efficiency, always follow accuracy; but rules may be dispensed with, when you have become divested of bad habits, and have perfected yourself in this useful art. Do not, however, destroy the scaffold, until you have erected the building; and do not raise the super-struct-ure, till you have dug deep, and laid its foundation stones upon a rock.

make fashions, and other people follow them. 2. From nothing, nothing can come. 3. Give but rope enough, and he will hang himself. 4. Punishment-may be tardy, but it is sure to overtake the guilty. 5. He that plants trees, loves others, besides him

self. 6. If a fool have success, it always ruins him. 7. It is more easy to threaten, than to do. self, as well as others. 9 Little strokes íe. ¿eat 8. Learning-makes a man fit company for himoaks. 10. Make the best of a bad bargain. 11.

The more we have, the more we desire. 12. Genteel society-is not always good society.

43. U has three regular sounds: first, NAME sound, or long: MUTE; The Innocent and Guilty. If those, June re-fu-ses as-tute Ju-ly the only, who sow to the wind-reap the whirljuice due to cu-cum-ber; this feuwind, it would be well but the mischief dal con-nois-sieur is a suit-a-ble is that the blindness of bigotry, the madco-ad-ju-tor for the cu-ri-ous ness of ambition, and the miscalculation of man-tua-ma-ker; the a-gue and [U in MUTE.] diplomacy-seek their victims, principally, fe-ver is a sin-gu-lar nui-sance to the a-cu- amongst the innocent and unoffending. men of the mu-lat-to; the cu-rate cal-cu-The cottage is sure to suffer, for every erlates to ed-u-cate this lieu-ten-ant for the tri-ror of the court, the cabinet, or the camp. bu-nal of the Duke's ju-di-cat-ure.