83. Elocution or vocal delivery, relates Proverbs. 1. He who sows brambles, must to the propriety of utterance, and is exhib- not go barefoot. 2. It is better to do well, than ited by a proper enunciation, inflection and to say well. 3. Look before you leap. 4. Nothemphasis; and signifies-the manner of de-ing is so bad as not to be good for some-thing. 5. livery. It is divided into two parts; the cor- One fool in a house is enough. 6. Put off your rect, which respects the meaning of what is armor, and then show your courage. 7. A right read or spoken; that is, such a clear and ac- choice is half the battle. 8. The fox-is very curate pronunciation of the words, as will cunning; but he is more cunning, that catches render them perfectly intelligible; and the him. 9. When a person is in fear, he is in no rhetorical, which supposes feeling; whose state for enjoyment. 10. When rogues fall out, object is fully to convey, and enforce, the honest men get their due. 11. Reward—is certair entire sense, with all the variety, strength, to the faithful. 12. Deceit-shows a little mind. and beauty, that taste and emotion demand. 84. The fourth sound of C is SH; after the accent, followed by ea, ia, ie, eo, eou, and iou ; O-CEAN; ju-di-cious Pho-ci-on, te-na-cious of his lus-cious spe-cies, ap-preci-ates his con-sci-en-tious as-so- [C in CIA.] ci-ate, who e-nun-ci-ates his sap-o-na-cious pre-science: a Gre-cian pro-fi-cient, with ca-pa-cious su-per-fi-cies and hal-cy-on pronun-ci-a-tion, de-pre-ci-ates the fe-ro-cious gla-ciers, and ra-pa-cious pro-vin-cial-isms of Cap-a-do-cia. 85. The business of training youth in Elocution, should begin in childhood, before the contraction of bad habits, and while the character is in the rapid process of formation. The first school is the NURSERY: here, at least, may be formed a clear and distinct articulation; which is the first requisite for good reading, speaking and singing: nor can ease and grace, in eloquence and music, be separated from ease and grace in private life, and in the social circle. 86. Irregulars. S, t, and ch, in many words, are thus pronounced: the lus-cious no-tion of Cham-pagne and prec-ious sugar, in re-ver-sion for pa-tients, is suf-ficient for the ex-pul-sion of tran-sient ir-ration-al-i-ty from the ju-di-cial chev-a-liers of Mich-i-gan, in Chi-ca-go; (She-caw-go,) the nau-se-a-ting ra-ci-oc-i-na-tions of sensu-al char-la-tans to pro-pi-ti-ate the passion-ate mar-chion-ess of Che-mung, are mi-nu-ti-a for ra-tion-al fis-ures to make E-gyp-tian op-ti-cians of. Notes. 1. This aspirate diphthongal sound may be made, by prolonging the letters sh, in a whisper, show. See engraving. 2. Beware of prolonging this sound too much. 3. Exercise all the from the dorsal region; i. e. the small of the back; thus girding up the loins of the mind 4. If you do not feel refreshed and invigorated by these exercises, after an hour's practice, rest assured you are not in nature's path: if you meet with difficulty, be particular to in muscular, or fleshy parts of the body, and let your efforts be made form your teacher, who will point out the cause and the remedy. 5. C is silent in Czar, indict, Cne-us, Ctes-i-phon, science, muscle, scene, sceptre, &c.: S, do. in isle, vis-count, island, &c.: Ch, in schism, yacht, (yot,) drachm. True love's the gift, which God has given It is the secret sympathy, The silver chord, the silken tie, Pleasant the sun, tened attentively to a long, diffuse and highAnecdote. A gentleman, who had lisly ornamented prayer, was asked, by one of the members, "if he did not think their minister was very gifted in prayer." 'Yes;" he replied, "I think it as good a prayer as was ever offered to a congrega tion." Our Persons. If our knowledge of the outlines, proportions, and symmetry of the human form, and of natural attitudes and appropriate gestures were as general as it ought to be, our exercises would be deterand purity of mind; the subject of clothing mined by considerations of health, grace would be studied in reference to its true out, and a tasteful adornment of the person; purposes-protection against what is withfashion, nor the approved costumes of the decency would no longer be determined by day be at variance with personal comfort and ease of carriage; and in the place of fantastic figures, called fashionably dressed persons, moving in a constrained and artifi cial manner, we would be arrayed in vestments adapted to our size, shape, and undulating outline of form, and with drapery flowing in graceful folds, adding to the elasticity of our steps, and to the varied movements of the whole body. Varieties. 1. The true statesman will never flatter the people; he will leave that for those, who mean to betray them. 2. Will dying for principles—prove any thing more than the sincerity of the martyr? 3. Which is the stronger passion, love, or anger? 4. Public speakers-ought to live longer, and enjoy better health, than others; and they will, if they speak right. 5. Mere imitation-is always fruitless; what we get from others, must be inborn in us, to produce the designed effects. 6. Times of general calamity, and revolution, have ever been productive of the greatest minds. 7. All mere external worship, in which the senses hear, and the mouth speaks, but in which the life-is unconcerned, perfectly dead, and profiteth nothing, Habitual evils-change not on a sudden; 87. Good reading and speaking is music; and he who can sit unmoved by their charms, is a stranger to correct taste, and lost in insensibility. A single exhibition of natural eloquence, may kindle a love of the art, in the bosom of an aspiring youth, which, in after life, will impel and animate him through a long career of usefulness. Self-made men are the glory of the world. 90. As practicing on the gutterals very much improves the voice, by giving it depth of tone, and imparting to it smoothness and strength, I will repeat the following, with force and energy, and at the same time convert all the breath into sound: the dis-carded hands dread-ed the sounds of the muffled drums, that broke on the sad-den'd dream-er's ears, mad-dened by des-pair; the blood ebb'd and flow'd from their double dy'd shields, and worlds on worlds, and friends on friends by thousands roll'd. 88. D has two sounds; first, its name sound; DAME; dart, dawn, dab; deed, dead; die, did; dole, Proverbs. 1. An irritable and passionate do, dog; duke, duck, druid; man-is a downright drunkard. 2. Better go to doit, doubt; a dan-dy de-fraudheaven in rags, than to hell, in embroidery. 3. ed his dad-dy of his sec-ondCommon sense-is the growth of all countries, hand-ed sad-dle, and dubbed the [D in DO. ] but very rare. 4. Death has nothing terrible in had-dok a la-dy-bird; the doub-le head-ed it, but what life has made so. 5. Every vice pad-dy, nod-ding at noon-day, de-ter-mined fights against nature. 6. Folly-is never long to rid-dle ted-ded hay in the fields till dooms- pleased with itself. 7. Guilt—is always jealous. day; the dog-ged dry-ads ad-dict-ed to dep-8. He that shows his passion, tells his enemy re-da-tions, robbed the day-dawn of its dread-ed di-a-dem, and erred and strayed a good deal the down-ward road to ad-en dum. caus where to hit him. 9. It is pride, not nature, that craves much. 10. Keep out of broils, and you will neither be a principal nor a witness. 11. One dog barking, another soon joins him. 12. Changes. We see that all material objects around us are changing; their colors change just as the particles are disturbed in their relations. This result is not owing to any natural cause, but to the Divine Power. And are there not higher influences more potent, tho' invisible, acting on man's moral nature, pervading the deepest abysses of his affection, and the darkest recesses of his 89. I must give all the sounds, particularly | the final ones, with great care, and never run the words together, making one, out of three. And-is pronounced six different ways; only one of which is right. Some call it an, or en; others, un, nd, or n; and a few-and; thus good-an-bad en-effect; loaves-en-fishes, hills-un groves; pen-un-ink, you-nd I, or youn-I; an-desaid; hooks-en-eyes, wor-sen-worse, pleasure-un-pain; cakes-n-beer, to-un-the; round'n-round, ol-d'n-young, voice-n-ear; bread-thoughts; to purify the one, and enlighten en-butter; vir-tu-n-vice; Jame-zen-John: solem-un-sub-lime, up-'n-down, pies'-ncakes. I will avoid such glaring faults, and give to each letter its appropriate sound. Notes. 1. Here the delicate ear may perceive the aspirate after the vocal part of d, as after b, and some other letters. The vocal is made, (see engraving,) by pressing the tongue against the gums of the upper fore-teeth, (the incisors,) and the roof of the mouth, beginning to say d, without the e sound; and the aspirated part, by removing the tongue, and the organs taking their natural positions; but avoid giving the aspirate of the vocal consonants, any vocality. 2. By whispering the vocal consonants, the aspirate only is heard. 3. D is silent in hand-sel, hand-saw, hand and in Dnie-per, ( Nee-per,) and Dnies-ter, (Nees-ter). 4. Do not some, hand-ker-chief, and the first d in Wednes-day, stadt-holder, give the sound of j to d in any word; as-grand-eur, sold-ier, verd-ure, ed-u-cate, ob-du-rate, cred-u-lous, mod-u-late, &c.; but speak them as though written grand-yur, sold-yur, &c. ; the same analogy prevails in na-ture, fort-une, &c. 5. The following parti cipials and adjectives, should be pronounced without abridgment; a bless-ed man gives unfeign-ed thanks to his learn-ed friend, and belov-ed lady; some wing-ed animals are curs-ed things; you say he curs❜d and bless'd him, for he feign'd that he had learn'd his lessson. 6. Pronounce words in the Bible, the same as in other books. the other, and from the chaos of both-to educe order, beauty and happiness? And why is it not changed? Shall we deny to his moral nature, the powers and capacities which we assign to stocks and stones? Or, is the Almighty less inclined to bring the most highly endowed of his creatures into the harmony and blessedness of his own Divine Order? To affirm either would be the grossest reflection op the character of God, and the nature of his works. If man, then, be not changed, so as to reflect the likeness and image of his Creator and Redeemer, it must be in consequence of his own depraved will, and blinded understanding. Varieties. 1. Why is the letter D like a sailor? because it follows the C. 2. Books, (says Lord Bacon,) should have no patrons, but truth and reason. 3. Who follows not virtue in youth, cannot fly vice in old age. 4. Never buy what you do not Anecdote. Blushing. A certain fash: article to you in the end. 5. Those-bear want, because it is cheap; it will be a dear ionable and dissipated youth, more famed disappointments the best, who have been for his red nose, than for his wit, on ap- most used to them. 6. Confidence produces proaching a female, who was highly rouged, more conversation than either wit or talent. said; "Miss; you blush from modesty." 7. Attend well to all that is said; for noth"Pardon me Sir," she replied, "I blushing exists in vain, either in outward crefrom reflection." ation, in the mind, in the speech, or in the Kindness-in woman, not their beauteous looks actions. Authors, before they write, should read. 91. Do not hurry your enunciation of words, precipitating syllable over syllable, and word over word; nor melt them together into a mass of confusion, in pronouncing them; do not abridge or prolong them too much, nor swallow nor force them; but deliver them from your vocal and articulating organs, as golden coins from the mint, accurately impressed, perfectly finished, neatly and elegantly struck, distinct, in due succession, and of full weight. Proverbs. 1. None of you know where the shoe pinches. 2. One may live and learn. 3. Remember the reckoning. 4. Such as the tree is, such is the fruit. 5. The biggest horses are not the best travelers. 6. What cannot be cured, must be endured. 7. You cannot catch old birds with chaff. 8. Argument-seldom convinces any one, contrary to his inclinations. 9. A horse-is neither better, nor worse, for his trappings. 10. Content is the philosopher's stone, that turns all it touches into gold. 11. Never sport, with the 92. The second sound of D, is that opinions of others. 12. Be prompt in every thing. of T; when at the end of words, 93. To read and speak with ease, accuracy, and effect, are great accomplishments; as elegant and dignified as they are useful, and important. Many covet the art, but few are willing to make the necessary application: and this makes good readers and speakers, so very rare. Success depends, principally, on the student's own exertions, uniting correct theory with faithful practice. 94. Irregulars. T—generally has this sound; the lit-tle tat-ler tit-tered at the taste-ful tea-pot, and caught a tempt-ing tar-tar by his sa-ti-e-ty; the stout Ti-tan took a tell-tale ter-ma-gant and thrust her against the tot-ter-ing tow-ers, for twist-ing the frit-ters; Ti-tus takes the pet-u-lent out-casts, and tos-ses them into na-ture's pas-tures with the tur-tles; the guests of the hosts at-tract a great deal of at-ten-tion, and sub-sti-tute their pre-texts for tempests; the cov-et-ous part-ner, des-ti-tute of fort-une, states that when the steed is stolen, he shuts the sta-ble door, lest the gravi-ty of his ro-tun-di-ty tip his tac-tics into non-en-ti-ty. When a twister, a twisting, will twist him a twist, Notes. 1. This dento-lingual sound may be made by whispering the imaginary word tuh, (short u) the tongue being pressed against the upper front teeth, and then suddenly removed, as indicated by the engraving. 2. 7 is silent when preceded by s, and followed by the abbreviated terminations en, le. Apostle, glisten, fasten, epistle, often, castle, pestle, soften, whistle, chasten, bustle, christen; in eclat, bil-let-doux, debut, haut-boy, currants, de-pot, hostler, mortgage, Christmas, Tmolus, and the first t, in chest-nut and mis-tle-toe. 3. The adjectives, blessed, cursed, &c. Self-alone, in nature rooted fast, Anecdote. President Harrison, in his last out-door exercise, was assisting the gardner in adjusting some grape-vines. The gardner remarked, that there would be but little use in trailing the vines, so far as any fruit was concerned; for the boys would come on Sunday, while the family was at church, and steal all the grapes; and suggested to the general, as a guard against such a loss, that he should purchase an active watch-dog. Said the general, "Better employ an active Sabbath-school teacher; a dog may take care teacher will take care of the grapes and the of the grapes, but a good Sabbath-school boys too." Home. Wherever we roam, in whatever climate or land we are cast, by the accidents of human life, beyond the mountains or beyond the ocean, in the legislative halls of the Capitol, or in the retreats and shades of private life, our hearts turn, with an irresistible instinct, to the cherished spot, which ushered us into existence. And we dwell, with delightful associations, on the recollection of the streams, in which, during our boyish days, we bathed, the fountains at which we drank, the piney fields, the hills and the val leys where we sported, and the friends, who shared these enjoyments with us. Varieties. 1. If we do well, shall we not be accepted? 2. A guilty conscience-paralyzes the energies of the boldest mind, and enfeebles the stoutest heart. 3. Persons in love, generally resolve—first, and reason afterward. 4. All contingencies have a Providence in them. 5. If these principles of Elocution be correct, practicing them as here taught, will not make one formal and artificial, but natural and effectuous. 6. Be above the opinion of the world, and act from your own sense of right and wrong. 7. All christians believe the soul of man to be immortal: if, then, the souls of all, who have departed out of the body from this world, are in the spiritual world, what millions of inhabitants must exist therein ! The man, who consecrates his powers, peace. 95. Let the position be erect, and the body | balanced on the foot upon which you stand: banish all care and anxiety from the mind; let the forehead be perfectly smooth, the lungs entirely quiescent, and make every effort from the abdominal region. To expand the thorax and become straight, strike the PALMS of the hands together before, and the backs of them behind, turning the thumbs upward: do all with a united action of the body and mind, the center of exertion being in the small of the back; be in earnest, but husband your breath and strength; breathe often, and be perfectly free, easy, independent, and natural. Proverbs. 1. Hope-is a good breakfast, but a bad supper. 2. It is right to put every thing to its proper use. 3. Open confession-is good for the soul. 4. Pride-must have a fall. 5. The lower mill-stone-grinds as well as the upper one. 6. Venture not all in one vessel. 7. What one ardently desires, he easily believes. 8. Yielding-is sometimes the best way of succeeding. 9. A man that breaks his word, bids others be false to him. 10. Amendment—is repentance. 11. 12. The hand of the diligent-maketh rich. There is nothing useless to a person of sense. Patience and Perseverance. Let any one consider, with attention, the structure of a common engine to raise water. Let him observe the intricacy of the machinery, 96. F has two sounds: first, name and behold in what vast quantities one of sound: FIFE; off with the scarf 97. If you read and speak slow, and articulate well, you will always be heard with attention; although your delivery, in other respects, may be very faulty: and remember, that it is not necessary to speak very loud, in order to be understood, but very distinctly, and, of course, deliberately. The sweeter, and more musical your voice is, the better, and the farther you may be heard, the more accurate will be your pronunciation, and with the more pleasure and profit will you be listened to. the heaviest elements is forced out of its course; and then let him reflect how many experiments must have been tried in vain, how many obstacles overcome, before a frame of such wonderful variety in its parts, could have been successfully put together: after which consideration let him pursue his enterprise with hope of success, supporting the spirit of industry, by thinking how much may be done by patience and perseverance. Varieties. Was the last war with England-justifiable? 2. In every thing you undertake, have some definite object in mind. 3. Persons of either sex-may captivate, by assuming a feigned character; but when the deception is found out, disgrace and unhappiness will be the consequences of the fraud. 4. All truths-are the forms of heavenly loves; and all falsities-are the forms of infernal loves. 5. While we co-operate with Nature, we cannot labor too much for the development and perfection of body and mind; but when we force or contradict her, 98. Irregulars, Gh and Ph frequently have this sound; Phil-ip Brough, laugh'd so far from mending and improving “the enough at the phantoms of the her-maph-ro-it below the brute. 6. How ridiculous some human form divine," we actually degrade dite phi-los-o-phy, to make the nymph Saphi-ra have a phthis-i-cal hic-cough; the seraph's draught of the proph-e-cy was lith-ograph'd for an eph-a of phos-pho-res-ent naph-tha, and a spher-i-cal trough of tough phys-ic. Notes. 1. To make this dento-labial aspirate, press the under lip against the upper fore teeth, as seen in the engraving, and blow out the first sound of the word fire! 2. Gh, are silent in drought, burrough, nigh, high, brought, dough, flight, etc.; and Ph and h in phthis-i-cal. 3. The difficulty of applying rules, to the pronunciation of our language, may be illustrated by the two following lines, where ough is pronounced in different ways; as o, uff, off, ow, oo, and ock. Though the tough cough and hiccough plough me through, O'er life's dark lough my course I will pursue. Anecdote. Natural Death. An old man, who had been a close observer all his life, when dangerously sick, was urged by his friends, to take advice of a quack; but objected, saying, "I wish to die a natural death." The patient mind, by yielding-overcomes. people make themselves appear, by giving their opinions for or against a thing, with which they are unacquainted! 7. The law Who needs a teacher-to admonish him, [mist? Our early days!-How often-back A monkey, to reform the times, 99. He who attempts to make an inroad on the existing state of things, though evidently for the better, will find a few to encourage and assist him, in effecting a useful reform; and many who will treat his honest exertions with resentment and contempt, and cling to their old errors with a fonder pertinacity, the more vigorous is the effort to tear them from their arms. There is more hope of a fool, than of one wise in his own conceit. Proverbs. 1. A good cause makes a stout heart, and a strong arm. 2. Better ten guilty persons escape, than one innocently suffer. 3. Criminals-are punished, that crime may be prevented. 4. Drunkenness-turns a man out of himself, and leaves a beast in his room. 5. He that goes to church, with an evil intention, goes on the devil's errand. 6. Most things have handles; and a wise man takes hold of the best. 7. Our flatterers-are our most dangerous enemies; yet they are often in our own bosom. 8. Pover 100. The second sound of F, is that ty-makes a man acquainted with strange bedof V: OF; (never off, nor uv;) there-of here-of, where-of; the only words in our language, in which F, has this sound: a piece of cake, not a piece-ucake, nor a piece-ur-cake. [F in OF. ] fellows. 9. Make yourself all honey, and the flies will be sure to devour you. 10. Many talk like philosophers, and live like fools. 11. A stitch in time-saves nine. 12. The idle man's head, is the devil's workshop. Anecdote. School master and pupil. A school master-asked a boy, one very cold winter morning, what was the Latin-for the word cold: at which the boy hesitated, saying, I have it at my finger's ends. 101. Muscle Breakers. Thou waft'd'st the rickety skiff over the mountain height cliffs, and clearly saw'st the full orb'd moon, in whose silvery and effulgent light, thou reef'd'st the haggled sails of the ship-wrecked vessel, on the rock-bound coast of Kam- Ourselves and Others. That manscat-ka. He was an unamiable, disrespect- deserves the thanks of his country, who conful, incommunicative, disingenuous, formi- nects with his own-the good of others. dable, unmanageable, intolerable and pusi- The philosopher-enlightens the WORLD; lanimous old bachelor. Get the latest the manufacturer-employs the needy; and amended edition of Charles Smith's Thu- the merchant-gratifies the rich, by procucyd-i-des, and study the colonist's best in-ring the varieties of every clime. The miser, altho' he may be no burden on society, terests. 102. Irregulars. V has this vocal aspi- yet, thinking only of himself, affords no one rate; also Phin a few words; my vain neph-else-either profit, or pleasure. As it is not ew, Ste-phen Van-de-ver, be-lieves Ve-nus of any one-to have a very large share of a ves-tal vir-gin, who viv-i-fies his shiv-ered liv-er, and im-proves his vel-vet voice, happiness, that man will, of course, have the so as to speak with viv-id viv-ac-i-ty; the largest portion, who makes himself—a partbrave chev-a-lier be-haves like a vol-a-tile ner in the happiness of others. The BENEVcon-ser-va-tive, and says, he loves white OLENT—are sharers in every one's joys. wine vin-e-gar with veal vict-uals every warm day in the vo-cal vales of Vu-co-var. 103. FAULTS in articulation, early contracted, are suffered to gain strength by habit, and grow so inveterate by time, as to be almost incurable. Hence, parents should assist their children to pronounce correctly, in their first attempts to speak, instead of permitting them to pronounce in a faulty manner: but soine, so far from endeavoring to correct them, encourage them to go on in their baby talk; thus cultivating a vicious mode of articulation. Has wisdom fled from men; or was she driven away? Notes. 1. This diphthongal sound, is made like that of f, Varieties. 1. Ought not the study of our language be made part of our education? 2. He who is slowest in making a promise, is generally the most faithful in performing it. 3. They who are governed by reason, need no other motive than the goodness of a thing, to induce them to practice it. 4. A reading people-will become a thinking people; and then they are capable of becoming a rational and a great people. 5. The happiness of every one-depends more on the state of his own mind, than on any external circumstance; nay, more than all external things put together. 6. There is no one so despica with the addition of a voice sound in the larynx: see engraving. 2ble, but may be able, in some way, and at A modification of this sound, with the upper lip over-lapping the under me, and blowing down on the chin, gives a very good imitation of the humble-bee. 3. Avoid saying gim me some, for give me some; I haint got any, for I have not got any; I don't luff to go; for, I don't love, (like rather,) to go; you'll haff to do it; for you will have to do it. What is a man, If his chief good and market of his time, He, th't made us, with such large discourse, some time, to revenge our impositions. 7. Sure, As, rising o'er the sordid lust of gold, It shows the impress-of a heavenly mould! Whose nature is-so far from doing harm, |