255. The exclamation Point (!) indicates Proverbs. 1. Great designs, and small about the same length of silence, as the In-means-have been the ruin of many. 2. He, is terrogation: but the slide of the voice, is gen- a slave to the greatest slave, who serves none but erally downward, from the 6th or 8th note, himself. 3. Correct the errors of others, when you because there is a kind of an outflowing, and can, and inspire them with the love of goodness then an indrawing of the mind,—an inflow- and truth. 4. It is the act of a base mind, to deing of the affections, that give rise to this man-ceive, by telling a lie. 5. Liberality-consists less ifestation. 1. What a beautiful Lake! 2. How The head and feet cool; the rest will take little harm in giving profusely, than in giving judiciously. 6. delightful the music is! 3. What a splendid 7. We know well, only what has cost us trouble to piece of workmanship! 4. How charming learn. 8. "Haste not, rest not ;" was the motto on is the prospect! 5. What a majestic scene! Goethe's ring. 9. Keep your thoughts-close, and 6. How inimitable those strains are! 7. your coun- tenace-open, and you may go safely What a piece of work is man! 8. How glo- through the world. 10. With the humble, there is rious are all the works of God! 9. What perpetual peace. 11. Long is the arm of the needy. splendid views of heaven! 10. How majes- 12. Poverty is an evil counsellor. 13. Delay-often tically-the Sun-wheels his mighty round! makes one wise. 256. Examples of Exclamation. 1. Fathers! Senators of Rome! the arbiters of nations! to you I fly for refuge! 2. Eternity! thou pleasing, dreadful thought! 3. Behold the daughter of innocence! what a look! what beauty! what sweetness! 4. Behold -a great, a good man! what majesty! how graceful! how commanding! 5. O, venerable shade! O, illustrious hero! 6. Farewell! a long farewell-to all my greatness! 7. It stands solid and entire! but it stands alone-and it stands amidst ruins! 8. I am stripped of all my honor! I lie prostrate on the earth! 9. Leave me! oh! leave me to-never to force. 2. Is not the science of repose! 10. Hear me, O Lord! for thy lov- human nature, very comprehensive, as well ing kindness is great! as complicated and profound? 3. How can the mere knowledge of historical eventsavail to the salvation of the soul? 4. What

War and Truth. A wise minister would rather preserve peace, than gain a victory; because he knows that even the most successful war leaves a nation poor, and always more profligate, than before it. There are real evils that cannot be brought into a list of indemnities, and the demoralizing influence of war is not among the least of them. The triumphs of truth are the more glorious, chiefly, because they are the most bloodless of all victories, deriving their highest lustre from the saved, not from the slain.

Varieties. 1. It is the nature of truth,

257. Natural Theology. From the external and internal evidences afforded us, from creation, and the modes of existence, we as-is meant by the martyr Stephen, seeing the sume, that man-is naturally a religious being: the stamp of the Deity is upon him even before his birth; and in every subsequent stage of his existence, no matter what may be his social, moral or civil condition, that stamp-remains with him. It is not to be found on the Jew and Christian only, but on all men, in all ages, climes, and conditions

of life.

Anecdote. A Lawyer and Physician,
having a dispute about precedence, referred
the case to Di-og-e-nes, the old philosopher;
who gave judgment in favor of the Lawyer,
in these words: "Let the thief go before, and
let the executioner follow after."
The rill-is tuneless-to his ear, who feels
No harmony within; the south wind-steals
As silent-as unseen-among the leaves.
Who has no inward beauty, none perceives,
Though all around is beautiful. Nay, more-
In nature's calmest hour-he hears the roar
Of winds, and flinging waves-put out the light,
When high-and angry passions meet in fight;
And, his own spirit into tumult hurled,
He makes a turmoil-of a quiet world :
The fiends of his own bosom-people air
With kindred fiends, that hunt him-to despair.

Not rural sights alone-but rural sounds
Exhilarate the spirits.

HEAVENS OPENED; and, John's being in the
spirit, on the Lord's day? 5. To see spirit-
ual existences, must not the eyes of the un-
derstanding be opened? 6. There is but
one law in being, which the Lord fulfilled,
and went through, in the world: He passed
through the whole circle-of both spiritual
and natural order, and assumed all states,
possible for man to be in, when in progression
from the state of nature,—to that of perfect
grace; and by virtue thereof, can touch us—
in all states of trial, we can possibly be in.
'Tis the quiet hour-of feeling,

Now the busy day is past,
And the twilight shadows-stealing,
O'er the world-their mantle cast;
Now, the spirit, worn and saddened,
Which the cares of day had bowed,
By its gentle influence-gladdened,
Forth emerges from the cloud;
While, on Memory's magic pages,
Rise our long lost joys to light,
Like shadowy forms of other ages,
From the oblivious breast of night;
And the loved-and lost-revisit
Our fond hearts, their place of yore,
Till we long with them to inherit

Realms above-to part-no more.
The patient mind, by yielding, overcomes.

do not know, because they have never deceived us.

258. The Parenthesis (—) shows, that the Proverbs. 1. Discord-reduces strength-to words included within it, must be read, or weakness. 2. No sweet, without some sweat: no spoken, on a lower pitch, and with a quicker pains, without some gains. 3. Whatever you do, movement, than the other parts of the sen- do it to some purpose; whether conquering, or tence; as though anxious to get through with conquered. 4. We are inclined to believe those we the explanation, or illustrative matter-contained in it; and the parenthetical clause, generally, has the same slide, or inflexion of voice, as the last word of the sentence, immediately preceding it. 1. An honest man, (says Mr. Pope,) is the noblest work of God. 2. Pride, (as the Scripture saith,) was not made for man. 3. The Tyrians were the first, (if we are to believe-what is told us by writers of the highest authority,) who learned the art of navigation. 4. Know ye not, brethren, (for I speak to them that know the law,) how that the law-hath dominion over a man-as long as he liveth?

5. Gentleness-often disarms the fierce, and melts the stubborn. 6. Stake even life, if necessary, in the support of truth. 7. Listen to the voice of experimental truth, and confide-in her opinion. 8. A good appetite-gives relish to the most humble fare. 9. There is no secret in the heart, that our actions do not disclose. 10. Where there is a will, there is a way. 11. True valor-is fire; boasting—is smoke.

The Telescope. A spectacle-maker's boy, amusing himself in his father's shop, by holding two glasses between his finger and thumb, and varying the distance, the weathercock of the church spire, (opposite them,) seemed to be much longer than ordinary, and apparently much nearer, and turned upside down. This excited the wonder of the father, and led him to additional experiments; and thence

escope, as invented by Gal-i-le-o, and perfected by Herschell. This is only one instance, among thousands, that show great effects may result from small causes.

259. That strong, hyperbolical manner, which we have long been accustomed to call the Oriental style of poetry, (because some of the earliest poetical productions-came to us from the East,) is, in truth, no more Ori-resulted that astonishing instrument, the telental, than Oc-ci-den-tal; it is characteristic of an age, rather than of a country, and belongs, in some manner, to all nations, at that period, which gave rise to music and song. 260. MINERALOGY-treats of minerals; Varieties. 1. Is not prejudice-invetetheir properties, composition, classification, rate, in proportion to its irrationality? 2. and uses. A mineral-is an organic natural | The most delicate, and the most sensible, of substance, either gaseous, as air; liquid, as all pleasures consists in promoting the hapwater; or solid, as earth and stones: it is in-piness of others. 3..Wit-sparkles as a meseparably connected with GEOLOGY, which treats of the structure of the earth, and the masses that compose it; also, of the changes it has undergone, and to which it is still exposed; while its practical importance is recognized in Agriculture, Mining, and Engineering, it ranks with Botany and Chemistry in its recondite developments, and with Astronomy-in the sublimity of its themes and results, as one of the most profound and interesting of the sciences.

Anecdote. Fashion's Sake. Lord Mansfield, being willing to save a man, who had stolen a watch, directed the jury-to bring it in value-ten pence. "Ten pence, my Lord!" said the prosecutor; "why, the very fashion of it cost fifty shillings." His lordship replied, "Perhaps so; but we cannot hang a man for fashion's sake."

I venerate-the pilgrim's cause,

Yet, for the red man-dare to plead :
We-bow to Heaven's recorded laws,
He-turn'd to Nature-for a creed;
Beneath the pillar'd dome,

We-seek our God in prayer ;
Through boundless woods-he loved to roam,
And the Great Spirit-worshiped there.
But one, one fellow-throb with us he felt;
To one Divinity-with us he knelt-
Freedom! the self-same freedom-we adore,
Bade him-defend his violated shore.

like

teor, and like it, is transient; but genius-
shines like a splendid luminary, marking
its course in traces that are immortal.
4. Men can have no principles, unless they
are revealed to them by Deity. 5. Is there
anything that melts-and conquers
love? 6. Confessing a folly, or crime, is
an act of judgment: a compliment-we
rarely pass on ourselves. 7. Spiritual truth,
is the light of heaven: the good-proper to it,
is the heat, or love thereof; to be filled with
both, is the perfection of life, and true salva-
tion; conferable, only, by the Lord Jesus
Christ, the giver of eternal life, and our Re-
deemer and Savior.

1

Besides,school-friendships are not always to be found
Though fair in promise, permanent and sound;
The most disint'rested and virtuous minds,
In early years connected, time unbinds:
New situations-give a diff'rent cast
Of habit, inclination, temper, taste;
And he, that seein❜d our counterpart at first,
Soon shows the strong similitude revers'd.
Young heads are giddy, and young hearts are warm,
And make mistakes-for manhood to reform.
Boys are at best, but pretty buds unblown, [known;
Whose scent and hues-are rather guess'd than
Each-dreams that each-is just what he appears,
But learns his error-in maturer years,
When disposition, like a sail unfurl'd,
Shows all its rents and patches to the world.

is an honor. 3 The censure-of some persons— is praise; and their praise, is condemnation-in the eyes of the world. 4. It is a base thing—to lie ; truth-alone, becomes the ingenuous mind. 5. Riches-either serve or rule, every one who possesses them; and thus, they are either blessings, or lean to the side of mercy. 7. Poets-are born such ; curses. 6. In cases where doubt exists, always

261. The Rhetorical Pause-is dictated | Proverbs. 1. Pride-is the offspring of folly, by the thought and feeling, and is usually and the plague of fools. 2. A bad man's dislike, addressed only to the ear; it is here indicated generally, by a dash (,) and its length must be determined by the subject, and occasion; it is usually, however, about the length of a Semicolon, or Colon: and one thing must be distinctly observed, that the reader and speaker-is always to inhale breath-at every Rhetorical Pause, and generally, at each Grammatical Pause; if the system be relaxed, inhalation will be almost sure to take place. Indeed, one of the great secrets of reading, speaking and singing-for hours in succession, with effect, and without injurious exhaustion, consists in the proper management of the breath: not that there should be Anecdote. When the painter, Leo-naranything stiff and mechanical in the act; fordi da Vinci, lay upon his death-bed, the king all must be the result of the perfect freedom of nature.

orators-are made such. 8. Malice-is a mean, and deceitful engine of mischief. 9. Nature-is superior to Art: have faith in her, and success is yours. 10. All rules and principles, to be of use, must be understood, and practiced. 11. The offender-rarely pardons. 12. Might too often makes right. 13. Truth has a good basis.

came to see him; and out of respect, he raised himself from the pillow; but the effort being too great, he fell back; when the king caught him, and he expired in his arms. The king was much affected with the event, and left the chamber in tears; when his nobles-endeavored to soothe him, saying,— 'Consider, he was only a painter." "Yes, yes," replied the monarch, "I do; and though I could make a thousand--such as you, yet God alone can make such a painter, as Leo

nardi."

262. The Rhetorical Pause always occurs either before or after-the important word, or words, of a sentence: if the significant word or phrase, is at the beginning, this pause is made immediately after it; but if such word or phrase, is at the end of the sentence, the pause occurs before it. The design of the pause is, in the first instance, to produce a retrospection of mind; and in the' second, to excite attention and expectation. Ex. 1. Industry-is the guardian of Justice. How many tedious and ruinous innocence. 2. Imagery-is the garb of poe-law-suits--might have been avoided, had the try. 3. To err-is human; to forgive-DIVINE. 4. Prosperity-gains friends; adversity-tries them. 5. Feelings-generate thoughts; and thoughts--reciprocate feelings. 6. Vanity-is pleased with admiration; Pride-with self-esteem. 7. Dancing -is the poetry of motion. 8. Some-place the bliss in action; some-in ease; Those call it pleasure; and contentment, these. 9. To hope for perfect happiness-is vain. 10. And now-abideth Faith, Hope, Charity; these three; but the greatest of these is Charity.

parties concerned--patiently examined the facts, with coolness and deliberation; instead of giving way to the blindness of interest and to passion, by which mutual hatreds have been generated, or blood spilled,--when a generous search after truth, and a love of justice--would have prevented all the evil.

Varieties. 1. What is requisite--for the right formation of character? 2. The true disciples of nature--are regardless who accompanies them, provided she be the leader : for nature, like truth, is immutable. 3. There is no pride--equal to theirs, who rise from poverty--to riches; for some--have even forgotten their own relations. 4. That form of government is best, which is best adapted to the state of the people, and best administered. 5. Cyrus, when young, being asked--what was the first thing to be learned; replied,--To speak the truth. 6. The orator's field--is the universe of mind

263. Individuals of both sexes, often complain of a very unpleasant sensation at the pit of the stomach; some call it a "death-like feeling" others speak of it as if "the bottom had fallen out:" one of the principal causes is a want of the proper action of the breathing apparatus: the abdominal and dorsal muscles become relaxed, by wrong positions and want of appropriate exercise and food; when--and matter: and his subjects--all that is their contents fall by their own weight, and the diaphragm does not, consequently, act in a healthy manner. The remedy is a return to the laws of life and being, as here exhibited.

Conscience-distasteful truths may tell,
But mark her sacred dictate-well;
Whoever with her-lives at strife,
Loses their better friend-for life.

-and can be known--of God--and man. 7. Every aspiration, desire, and thought-is heard and accepted--in heaven, when we surrender our whole life to the Lord's government and providence.

Gather the rose-buds-while ye may,
Old Time-is still a-flying;
And that same flower, that blooms to-day,
To-morrow, shall be dying.

Proverbs. 1. By deferring our repentancewe accumulate our sorrows. 2. Complaisancerenders a superior-amiable, an equal-agreeable, and an inferior-acceptable. 3. A wound given by a word, is often harder to be cured, than one made by the sword. 4. The human form is the noblest, and most perfect, of which we can con

banishes evil desires. 13. Respect and contempt,

spoil many a one.

264. MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES OF ALL THE PAUSES. The pupil must not rely too much on these external indications of silence; for they are only general rules: hence the necessity of being governed by the promptings and guidance of his own feelings and thoughts, after bringing them in subjection to goodness and truth of which reason-ceive. 5. Intentions, as well as actions, must be always approves. 1. The ostestatious, fee- good, to be acceptable. 6. Every scene in life, is a ble, harsh, or obscure style, is always faulty; picture; of which some part is worthy of attenand perspicuity, strength, neatness, and sim- tion. 7. Receive instruction with gratitude. 8. To plicity are beauties-ever to be aimed at. such as are opposed to truth, it seems harsh and 2. Be wise to-day, 'tis madness to defer; severe. 9. Never reproach another for doing wrong; next day-the fatal precedent will plead. unless you are sure he has done it. 10. Knowledge, Thus on, till wisdom-is pushed out of life. to be a good thing, must be rightly applied. 11. Re3. How noble 'tis, to own a fault; how ge-plies-are not always answers. 12. A chaste eye nerous, and divine-to forgive it! 4. Who can forbear to smile with nature? Can the stormy passions-in the bosom roll, while every gale is peace, and ev'ry grove-is melody? 265. 1. The evidence that TRUTH carries with it, is superior to all argument, and miracles and it wants neither the support, nor dreads the opposition, of the greatest abil ities. 2. True modesty is ashamed to do what is repugnant to reason, and common sense; false modesty-to do what is opposed to the humor of the company; true modesty avoids whatever is criminal; false modesty-whatever is unfashionable. Some-live within their means; some live up to their means and some-live beyond their means. 4. "To what party do you belong?" said a noisy politician, to one whose soul-grasped the interests of his whole counTo what party do I belong?" replied the patriot; "I belong to no party, but my country's party."

try.

Punctuate the following, by reading it correctly.
There is a lady in this land
Has twenty fingers on each hand
Five and twenty on hands and feet
All this is true without deceit.

3.

Refinement. It is a doubt, whether the refinements of modern times have, or have not, been a drawback upon our happiness: for plainness and simplicity of manners have given way to etiquette, formality, and dealmost deserted our land; and what we ap. ceit; whilst the ancient hospitality has now pear to have gained in head, we seem to have lost in heart.

Varieties. 1. What is the difference be tween the internal and external man? between an internal and external state of mind? 2. Love to God and love to man,-is the life and soul, of all sound philosophy; consequently, no one can become a philosopher, who is not a good man. 3. Riches, and would get rid of one, must become divested cares, are generally inseparable; and whoever of the other. 4. The acquirement of useful knowledge, is often difficult and troublesome; but perseverance will reward us for our toil. 5. If we regard our present views -as an infallible test of truth, whatever does not conform to them, we set down as false, and reject it. 6. Ignorance of a fact 266. BOTANY-treats of plants-their-may excuse; but not ignorance of the law structure, growth, classification, description, localities and uses. They are organized bodies, and endowed with life; but they differ from animals, in wanting sensation and voluntary motion: they differ from minerals, in possessing life; and they contain organs, by which they assimilate new matter to increase their substance, and promote their growth. The study of botany is highly interesting and useful; not only on account of the beauty and variety of plants, but of the important purposes to which they may be applied in sustaining life and curing disease: it is necessary to aid in the development of body and mind.

Anecdote. One day, when the moon was under an eclipse, she complained thus to the sun for the discontinuance of his favor; "My dearest friend," said she, "why do you not shine upon me as you used to do ?" 'Do I not shine upon thee?" said the sun; "I am very sure I intend it." "O no," replied the moon: "but now I see the reason; that dirty planet, the earth, has got between

us."

which every one is supposed to be ac-
quainted with. 7. Man's will, and under-
standing,- -are receptacles of life, not life
itself; as is the reception, such is the persua-
sion, faith, wisdom, light, and love.
I care not, Fortune! what you me deny ;
You cannot rob me of free nature's grace;
You cannot shut the windows of the sky,
Thro' which Aurora shows her bright'ning face :
You cannot bar my constant feet—to trace
The wood and lawns, by living stream at eve:
Let health my nerves and finer fibres brace,

And I their toys-to the great children leave:
Of fancy, reason, virtue-nought can me bereave.
Another day-is added to the mass
Of buried ages. Lo! the beauteous moon,
Like a fair shepherdess, now comes abroad,
With her full flock of stars, that roam around
The azure meads of heaven. And O how charmed,
Beneath her loveliness, creation looks!
Far-gleaming hills, and light-inweaving streams,
And sleeping boughs, with dewy lustre clothed,
And green-haired valleys-all in glory dressed,―
Make up the pageantry of night.