not going to legislate Presidential style. If he wants to see the Director, all he does is push a button and the Director appears. If he doesn't want to see him, there is no way the Director can get in there. So there is no point in setting up this kind of competition. The President has got to run his own show. Our Constitution, in my opinion-and I recognize I am no lawyer, but at least I can read-means that we have got to have a strong President. He has got to run the executive branch and if he doesn't run the executive branch, you have chaos and infighting and all kinds of nonsense. So why set up a Director of National Intelligence on top of all the other things you have? It is more bureaucracy. Now that I am a private citizen I can say clearly what we need in this country is less bureaucracy. Senator GARN. Well, let me say that I agree with you and I am pleased that almost without exception former Directors take the same point of view. I think there is great validity in keeping the joint position, certainly in day-to-day operations, have a deputy handle the daily ins and outs, and I think it is important that the CIA director maintain that position as well. Thank you very much. I have no further questions. Senator GOLDWATER. Mr. Miller, the Chief of Staff? Earl? Mr. Ambassador, on behalf of the committee, I want to thank you for appearing here. Your testimony is most valuable. As you might well expect, we have, in our opinion, a good 2 years ahead of us before these charters become intelligible or are charters that we feel the country can operate with. There is no big hurry. I will say again what I have said before, and I know the chairman has said, we welcome criticism or suggestions from any area, any academic or former member of the intelligence corps. We are neophytes in this business, and to write legislation which frankly, I am very happy to say, we are going to need help. So thank you for coming here, and unless there are further comments, the meeting will be adjourned. Mr. HELMS. Thank you, Senator Goldwater. [Whereupon, at 11:19 a.m., the committee recessed subject to the call of the Chair.] THURSDAY, JUNE 15, 1978 U.S. SENATE, SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE, Washington, D.C. The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:13 a.m., in Room 1318, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Senator Birch Bayh (chairman of the committee) presiding. Present: Senators Bayh (presiding), Huddleston, Biden and Goldwater. Also present: William G. Miller, staff director; Earl Eisenhower, minority staff director; David Bushong, minority counsel; and Audrey Hatry, clerk of the committee. The CHAIRMAN. We will come to order. This morning we will try to fulfill the multifaceted challenge given us by the Senate, and one of the things we have been engaged in is an intensive effort to formulate the best possible charters legislation for the intelligence community. My colleague from Kentucky has been leading the way on that, and we have had a number of outstanding witnesses who have had significant expertise in this area. We have General Stilwell and John Warner. John, what title do we use for you here? Mr. WARNER. I am the legal adviser to AFIO at this stage, sir. The CHAIRMAN. Fine. And Dr. Morton Halperin, three people who have extensive experience in the operation of the intelligence community and its impact on society generally. I would ask, if I could, for our reporter and our committee staff to see that appropriate biographical data of all three of these gentlemen are placed in the record at this time. [The information referred to follows:] GENERAL RICHARD GILES STILWELL February 24, 1917-Born Buffalo, N.Y. 1933-34-Student at Brown University. 1938-Graduated U.S. Military Academy, B.S. 2d lieutenant, U.S. Army. 1942-43-Commander 315th Combat Engineer Battalion. 1943-45-G-3, 90th Infantry Division. 1945-XXII Army Corps, 15th Army. 1946-47-Assigned to Paris. 1947-48-Assigned to Trieste. 1948-49-Assigned to Rome. 1952-53-Commander, 15th Infantry Regiment Korea. 1953-Senior Adviser, I Republic Korea Army Corps. 1953-56-Faculty of Army War College. 1955-Graduated Army War College. 1956-58-Chief Strategic Studies, SHAPE. 1958-59-Commander, Western Area Germany. 1959-61-Commander, 2d Regiment, USCC U.S. Military Academy. June 1, 1961-Promoted to Brigadier General. 1961-63-Commandant of Cadets, Military Academy. August 1, 1963-Promoted to Major General. 1963-64-Assistant Chief of Staff Operations, U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam. 1964-65-Chief of Staff. 1965-67-Commander of U.S. Military Assistance Command, Thailand. 1967-68-1st Armored Division. August 1, 1968-Promoted to Lieutenant General. 1968-69-XXIV Corps, Vietnam. 1969-72-Deputy Chief of Staff for Military Operations, U.S. Army, Washington. 1972-73-Commander, 6th Army. 1973-Commander-in-Chief, U.Ñ. Command and Commander, 8th Army, Korea. October 1977-President, Association of Former Intelligence Officers. General Stilwell served several tours with the CIA. MORTON HALPERIN ty. June 13, 1938-Born Brooklyn, N.Y. 1958-Graduated Columbia University, A.B. 1959-Yale University M.A. 1960-Authored "Nuclear Weapons and Limited War." 1960-66-Research Associate, Center for International Affairs, Harvard Universi 1961-Yale University Ph. D. in International Relations. Authored "Strategy and Arms Control," and "A Proposal for a Ban on the Use of Nuclear Weapons." 1961-63-Instructor, Harvard University. 1962-Authored "Arms Control and Inadvertent General War." 1963-Authored "Limited War in the Nuclear Age." 1964-66-Assistant Professor of Government, Harvard. 1965-Authored "China and the Bomb." 1966-67-Special Assistant, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense. 1967-Authored "Contemporary Military Strategy." 1967-69-Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense. 1969-Member of senior staff, National Security Council. 1969-Meritorious Civilian Service Award, DOD. 1969-Senior fellow, Brookings Institute. 1971-Authored "Defense Strategies for the Seventies." 1976-Authored "The Lawless State: Crimes of the U.S. Intelligence Agencies." 1977-Authored "Top Secret: National Security and the Right To Know." Member of the Council on Foreign Relations, the Institute of Strategic Studies, the American Political Science Association, the Foreign Policy Association. JOHN S. WARNER February 12, 1919-Born Washington, D.C. 1941-LL.B from Southeastern University and admitted to D.C. Bar. 1942-LL.M from Columbus University. 1942-Enlisted as Aviation Cadet. 1944-Commissioned and received pilot's wings in U.S. Army Air Forces. 1944-Flew B-17 combat tours over Europe. 1945-Detailed to OSS. 1947-Civilian employee of CIA on date of establishment, September 18, 1947. Served in legal, operational, and support assignments. 1956-57-Resident course at National War College. 1957-68-Legislative Counsel, CIA. 1964-M.A. (International Affairs) from George Washington University. 1968-73-Deputy General Counsel, CIA. 1974-76-General Counsel, CIA. Current: Board Member and Legal Adviser, Association of Former Intelligence Officers. USAF reservist as Mobilization Assistant to Director, Legislative Liaison, USAF with rank of Major General. Of Counsel, Bierbower and Rockefeller, Washington, D.C. Mr. Warner's career in the CIA was generally in the area of legal affairs. He served over 10 years as Legislative Counsel for the Agency, and also served as the CIA's General Counsel. The CHAIRMAN. General, why don't you start, since you are in the center there. I am not certain whether it is by accident, whether Mr. Halperin is on your right or your left, depending upon your perspective here. General STILWELL. It's pre-emptive, Mr. Chairman. I don't know whether we have power here or not. The CHAIRMAN. We have a couple working that you can't see. [General laughter.] [The prepared statement of General Richard G. Stilwell follows:] 27-462 0 78 15 STATEMENT OF RICHARD G. STILWELL, Gen. USA (Ret.), President ASSOCIATION OF FORMER INTELLIGENCE OFFICERS BEFORE SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE UNITED STATES SENATE ON S. 2525 The "National Intelligence Reorganization 15 June 1978 Prepared in collaboration with: John S. Warner Lawrence R. Houston John M. Maury |