314

from this country, we can have no affy lum under the fun; and that, over the whole wide world, every door will be shut against us.

To you, the Sovereign People, we have, with great humility, expofed our pitiable cafe from you only can we hope for redrefs.-Deign, moft puiffant, to caft a look of benignity toward your humble fupplicants; and to ufe fuch speedy and efficacious meafures as your fovereig wifdom fhall fuggeft, for preventing our indelible difgrace and eternal exile, and for reftoring us to the refpectable rank which we had formerly the honour of holding and we, your petitioners &c. (Signed) LIBERTY. PATRIOTISM. REPUBLICANISM.

THE PLOUGHMAN.

FOR THE BALANCE.

Mrs. EDITORS,

OF

F the tillers of the ground, by far the greatest number have been much deceived by the promifes and profeffions This is not of the leading democrats.* extraordinary. We farmers have but lit. tle leifure; and this little, but few of us

not been deceived, the reins of govern
ment would never have fallen into the
hands of the anti-federal or democratic par-
ty; and, if that had never happened, the
petty tyrants of this day, might have been
handed down to pofterity, as patriots, re-
publicans, honefl men, friends of the pe
ple, the virtuous few, &c. &c. But, as
if one more leffon was wanting to learn
the people wildom, the impofture fuc-
ceeded-democracy prevailed-and the
people have indeed bought wildom;-
out, as Dott. Franklin fays, "
they have
paid very dear for their whiffle."

If any thing could be wanting at this
ime, to complete the degradation of de-
nocracy, the wretched attempts of its ad-
vocates, to prop and bolfter it up, would
In-
be fure to give it a blow at the root.
leed, it is my candid opinion, that the
federalifts could by no means whatsoever,
lo eff&tually promote their caufe, as by
iftributing, in every place where their
wn papers circulate, an equal number
of democratic papers. Such paltry eva-
fion, fuch contemptible quibbling, fuch
bold and impudent mifreprefentation, as
moft of the laft-mentioned prints exhibit,
would be fure to difguft every man who
has independence enough to exercife his
own judgment. I do not recollect an in-
fance, fince the reign of Mr. Jefferfon, in

which the democratic editors have under

taken, openly and fairly, to controvert a fingle point which the federalifts have raif. ed. Charges have been made, time after are willing to devote to political study.time, against Mr. Jefferfon. They have Indeed, I think we are in general much too indifferent about the affairs of ftate. We are too apt to rely implicitly on every idle tale that is told us by demagogues, without troubling ourselves to fearch atter the truth. We are too much inclined to believe that every man who fays he is an honeft patriot, is really fo, without ev er enquiring into his conduct and character; and, as the greateft tyrants always inake the loudest pretenfions to republicanifm, it is by no means frange that we fhould often be deceived.

modeftly giving me the lie half a dozen
times. He fays I am not a Ploughman,
and that I was not a whig in the time of
the revolution. And how does the curi
ous reader think he proves this? Why,
truly, by declaring that he is "a farmer,
who is covered with fears received while
fighting for the independence of his coun-
try." He forgot to inform the public
why he ought to be believed any more than
the Ploughman. He alfo forgot to men
tion what kind of cars he received-or
whether they were on his back or breaft.
-As I am incapable of holding a contro
verfy with a writer who makes ufe of fuch
home-thrust arguments, I now declare,
once for all, that I fhall never mention
him again. I muft alfo beg leave to de
cline noticing any sharp things which
may fall from the hired blackguard,
whofe name ftands at the head of the Bre,
We farmers know too well the conditions
on which his prefs was fet up, to place a
ny confidence in his publications, unfup.
ported by proof. It is not poffible that
a printer who begins bufinefs in fuch a
manner can be independent. The almoft
innumerable falfhoods, in which you have
detected him, are fcored down against him;
and until they are wiped away by a long
feries of good behaviour, he will be held
in contempt by

A PLOUGH MAN,
At his Def.

BALANCE QUERIST,

To the Editors of the Balance,

W

not been promulgated in myflerious hints,
or dark infinuations; but they have been
made in plain and unequivocal language
They have been advanced in fuch a fhape.
that they were open for public difcuffion;
ISHING to throw my t
and, if falfe, might have been refuted.into your icales, I would, now and then,
The federalifts have repeatedly challenged (if agreeable to you,) propofe and anfwer
a queftion on fome curious or interefling
fubject. My anfwers will always be fu
fhort that they will occupy but little room;
and, tho' it is not prefumed that they will
inftru&t the learned, they may fomeumes
give ufeful information to common read-
You may denominate me the Bal
ance Querift," and will give place to th
following, if you think it worthy of publie
cation.

their adverfaries to meet them in the field of fair argument; and, for myfelt, I confefs, I did hope that the challenge would be accepted. I did hope and truft, that Mr. Jefferfon had at least one friend, who had the ability and the courage to ftand If the great body of the people had for-forth, with honorable weapons, in his demerly taken pains to get correct informa- tence. I did believe that the man, who tion if they had not lent an ear to falfe had been reprefented as "the greateft in and flattering pretenders, they would not America," had fome better protection have been deceived. It the people had from the attacks of his opponents, than blackguardifm, abufe, fcurrility, and the Common Law of England! But, I repeat, I was deceived

*I call the anti-federalists, generally, democrats, because it is a name which they have themselves chosen. They are not fond of being reminded of their anti federalism, that is, their opposition to the constitution, probably because some of them, who have obtained offices under the general government, have sworn to support, &c. But they ought to consider, that by advocating pure democracy, they plainly shew their dislike to the constitution of the United States, which is not purely democratic However, I shall not quarrel with them about names; and, since they choose to be termed demo crats, in preference to anti-federalists, I have no objection.

ers.

Question. What means the law-phrafe "Without benefit of Clergy ?"

Anfwer. In ancient time, an act was I had proceeded thus far, when made in England, which, when a felon the Hudfon poft-rider entered, with the was condemned to be hanged, gave hm Gazette, the Balance, and the Bee (for I his life if he could read a verfe in the B take them all,) I laid down my pen, and ble opened at a venture, which was there This law was caft my eye over their columns, when I fore called his neck-verfe. made for the encouragement of literature, obferved that the Bee had noticed me in its cufomary ftyle. A writer who dubs and was declared to be for the benefit of himself an Independent Whig," fairly clergy;" becaufe almoft all the little learn knocks over every thing I have faid, bying that exifted in England, at that time,

"

Agricultural.

clear or even, for fine and coarse wool will not equally receive any colour. Alter wool is forted, it fhould be carefully pulled apart, and all the nobs be taken outwhen it is well picked, one pound of folt fat, or hogs lard to feven of wool fhould be well mixed. After it is rendered foft and pliable by the greafe, it fhould be well broke with good cards-then again pulled apart and well mixed together. Let one perfon fpin the wool, that the yarn may be equal[The following Address to Farmers, which had y wrought the filling fhould be pun formerly been published in a number of papers, with the wheel crofs banded. Let the is so interesting, especially at this day, to the wool be kept clean from dirt or lint while public in general, and to farmers in particular, fpinning; and cleanfe the yarn before it is wove. Avoid old harneffes in weaving, for their lint, &c. eflentially injure the cloth-be careful to beat equally, for if one part of a fink be beat clofer than the other, the cloth will cockle-to avoid this it would be well alfo to weave each fkein by itfelf-make a good felvage and trim as you weave. It all knots are not cut off with fhears before the cloth is fulled, they are picked out with tweazers by the clothier, leaving holes in the cloth which injure

that we are induced to give it a further circula-
tion.
Edit. Bal.]

From Thomas's Massachusetts Spy.

TO FARMERS.

ON THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOLLEN

IT

CLOTII.

it.

When cloth is made in conformity to

thefe directions, there is no danger of its
working bad in the mill; it will not coc-

T is to be lamented, that fo little attention has been paid, in this country, to the Manufacturing of Woollen Cloth; and, likewife, to the raifing of Sheep.-kle but be dreffed neatly. If a number of These animals are undoubtedly more profitable to Farmers than any other; they command the best of pay; and from their wool we may manufacture Cloth, equal in quality to that for which we have depended on European manufactories, and thereby retain more money in our own country.

To make good Cloth, farmers fhould be more attentive to their fheep, and not fell off their best lambs. Sheep fhould never be yarded with cattle; they fhould be kept in good fl fh, that the wool may be lively, and fed in a rack fo conftructed that feed and chaff cannot fall from the hay into the wool, for thefe effentially injure it. After fheep are wafhed, they fhould not be fhorne in lels than fix days, that the animal oil may have time to penetrate the pores of the wool; this oil preferves the wool alive, and keeps it pliable.

In this country fuitable attention has not been paid to the forting of wool.-In European manufactories, the fleece is divided into five or fix forts, from fine to coarfe. The best wool grows from the kidney over the fhoulders to the neck-this fhould be ufed for the fineft of cloth; the remainder thould be divided for the various ufes for which it may be defigned. By thus forting wool, there will be no wafte; but by mixing fine and coarfe in the fame piece, the cloth cannot be dressed handfeme, nor do half the fervice it otherwife would. All coarfe ends fhould be cut off -if they be fpun and wove into the cloth, no colour can be imprefed on it either

hands be employed in fpinning a piece you
may expect the cloth will cockle in the
mill; and fuch can never be dreffed to ap-
pear decently. If wool be not properly
manufactured by the cards, wheel and
loom, it is impoffible for any clothier to
drefs it even decently. All eloth that is
not to be fulled, fhould be fpun from fine
wool, well mixed, or they will not equally

Monitoriai Department.

To aid the cause of virtue and religion.

From the MONTHLY REGISTER.

ANECDOTE OF LORD KAIMS

THE

HE character of Lord Kaims is not fo generally known, as for many cauf. es it ought to be. He was one of thofe enemies of our religion, who are more dangerous to the inexperienced, as being the more infidious. From the eminent au thority to which I owe the following an ecdote, I do not helitate to ftake my credit upon its veracity; and if called upon, I fhall not be unwilling to ftand forth to fup. port it. It has been omitted in every biography of Hume ;-it is one indeed, which perfons of the clafs of Scotch biog raphers were not very likely either to know, or, when speaking of Scotchmen to relate.-Monboddo, Robertfon, Dr. Berke

ly,

prebendary of Canterbury, and fome other men of eminence, had paffed the pri or part of the day at the house of Lord Kaims, and were preparing to take their leave, when their entertainer was haflily fummoned from the room. He did not return till after fome time, when he entered the apartment with looks of the greatest dif may, followed by his daughter, Mrs.-. This young lady had been married to a Mr.

a gentleman of large eftate; but had fo far forgotten what fhe owed to her fit. ation, that her husband had, at length, difcovered her infidelity, and fent her hometo her father. It was to receive her that the athieft had been fummoned from the room. The young lady, as we have mentioned, entered the apartment with him; and, in prefence of the company, thus addreed him-" Nay, Sir, you have, of all men in the world, the leaft juftice for accufing me; for my errors are only the unhappy fruit of your own. Yes, Sir, I accufe you in the prefence of this company of having been the cause of my crime, and confequent mifery. It was from you I learned that I had nothing to dread from any future ac count. I loved my hufband, but, in his long abfence, becaine momentarily attached to another. The reftraints of religion tion, I had nothing therefore to drea were removed by your care in my educa but the confequences of detection. The abfence of Mr. put me at eafe up a that head he returned unexpectedly Sie!

APHORISM.-Infolence, where there no danger, is defpondence where there 16.

Foreign Politics.

AN ENGLISH

VIEW OF THE WHOLE GROUND."

The following PAPER, has been published by the British Government, and fent by its direction to every parish in the Kingdom. It will inform and admonifh Americans, as well as Englishmen ;and it will well repay the most attentive or repeated perufal. [Boston Cent.]

CIRCULAR.

To the Officiating Minifters of the feveral
Parishes in England and Wales.

IT having been thought neceffary, that, at this momentous crifis, His Majefty's subjects, in every part of the kingdom, and of every rank and degree, fhould be fully apprifed of the danger, with which their property and their lives, their liberties, and their religion are threatened, in order that their energy may be called forth, and that, under God's Providence, the fafety of the realm nay thereby be provided for, and its antient honour maintained: It having been alfo thought, that THE CHURCH is the most fafe, regular, and certain channel of circulation, as well as the best suited to the importance of the fubje&t: It appears advifible to adopt that mode of communication, more especially as, in the execution of this great national purpose, fuch material aid may be expected from the wifdom and zeal of the Clergy. In confequence whereof you will herewith receive certain copies of a printed paper, intitled, "Important Confiderations for the People of this Kingdom." It is requested, that you will be pleafed to cause part of them to be deposited in the pews, & part to be diftributed in the aifles, amongst the poor, on the Sunday following the day on which you fhall receive them. There are alfo inclofed certain copies calculated for poting; one of which is intended to be placed on the church door, and another in fome fuch public part of the parish, as you may deem beft fitted for making it known among the Parishioners.

IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS

FOR THE

PEOPLE OF THIS KINGDOM. At a moment, when we are entering on a fcene deeply interefting, not only to this nation, but to the whole civilized world; at a moment, when we all, without diftinction of rank or degree, are called upon to rally round, and to range ourfelves beneath the banners of that Sove

reign, under whofe long, mild, and fof. I
tering reign, the far greater part of us ca-
pable of bearing arms, have been born
and reared up to manhood; at a moment,
when we are, by his truly royal and pa-
ternal example, incited to make every
facrifice and every exertion in a war, the
event of which is to decide, whether we
are ftill to enjoy, and to bequeath to our
children, the poffeflions, the comforts,
the liberties, and the national honours,
handed down to us from generation to
generation, by our gallant forefathers; or
whether we are, at once, to fall from
this favoured and honourable ftation, and
to become the miferable crouching flaves,
the hewers of wood and the drawers of
water, of thofe very Frenchmen, whom
the valour of our fleets and armies has
hitherto taught us to defpife; at fuch a
moment, it behoves us, calmly and with-
out difmay, to examine our fituation, to
confider what are the grounds of the
awful contest in which we are engaged;
what are the wifhes, the defigns, and the
pretenfions, of our enemies; what would
be the confequences, if thofe enemies.
were to triumph over us; what are our
means, and what ought to be our motives,
not only for fruftrating their malicious.
intentions, but lor indicting just and me.
morable chaftifement on their infolent and

guilty heads.

The grounds of the war are, by no means, as our enemies pretend, to be fought for in a defire entertained by his Majefty to keep the island of Malta, con

was added to France: Holland, which had, at the making of the Peace, been recognized as an independent nation, became, more than ever, the object of French rapacity and defpotifm; was compelled to furnifh fhips and ftores for French expeditions, and to feed and cloth French armies; the only ufe of which was to keep her in a state of flavish fub. jection, and to render her fhores an objet of serious alarm and real danger to Great Britain; Switzerland was invaded by a French army, which compelled the people of that once free and happy country, to fubmit to a government framed at Paris, the members of which government were chiefly compofed of men, who had betrayed the liberties of their country, and who were nominated by the Conful himfelf. Notwithstanding, however, all these and feveral other acts of aggreffion and tyranny, fome of which were highly injurious to Great-Britain, and were fhametul violations of the Treaty of Peace, still his Majefty earneftly endeavoured to avoid a recurrence to arms; but the Conful, emboldened by our forbearance and imputing to a dread of his power, that which he ought to have imputed folely to our defire to live at peace, manifefted his perfidious intentions, again to take poffeffion of Egypt, whence we had driven him in difgrace; again to open a road to our poffeflions in India, there to deftroy one of the principal fources of our wealth and our greatnefs.

Not contented with thus preparing for our deftruction from without, endeavouring to cut off our intercourse with the reft of the world, fhutting, as far as he was able, all the ports of other countries against us; gradually deftroying our nav

trary to the Treaty of Peace, or to leave
unfulfilled any other part of his facred en-
gagements: They are to be fought for in
the ambition of the First Conful of France,
and his implacable hatred of Britain,
because, in the power and valour of Brit-igation, commerce, and trade; hemming
ain alone, he finds a check to that ambi- us up in our own ifland, and expofing
tion, which aims at nothing fhort of the our inanufacturers, artizans, and labour-
conqueft of the world. His Majesty ev. ers, to the danger of ftarving, for want
er anxious to procure for his people prof- of employment; not contented with thefe
perity and eafe, eagerly feized the firstmalignant endeavours, and feemin to
opportunity that offered itfelt for the ref
toration of Peace; but not without re-
membering, at the fame time, that their
fafety, for which it was his peculiar duty
to provide, was not to be facrificed to any
other confideration. This peace he con-
cluded with the most fincere defire, that it
might be durable, and the conduct of
France would be fuch as to authorize him
to execute, with fcrupulous punctuality,
every one of the ftipulations of the Trea-
ty. But fcarcely was that compact con-
cluded, when the First Conful, at the very
time that his Majelly was furrendering
to France and Holland, the great and nu-
merous conquefls he had made from them
during the war, began a new fort of hol- Befides the motives of ambition, the
tility upon the weak and defenceless defire to domineer over, and to trample
flates on the Continent of Europe. Pi.pon all the rest of mankind, the Firft>
edmont, a country equal to all Scotland, I Conful has a reafon, peculiar to himself,

regard us, as already within his grafp, he audacioufly Interfered in the management of our doinetic concerns; required us to violate our laws by banifhing thofe fubjects of the French Monarch, who had fled hither for fhelter from his unjust and tyrannical government; demanded of us the fuppreffion of the Liberty of Speech and of the Prefs, and, in a word, clearly demonflrated his refolution not to leave us a moment's tranquility, until we had furrendered our conflitution, until we had laid all our liberties at his feet, and until, like the Dutch, the Italians, and the Swifs, we had fubmitted to be governed by Decrees fent us from France.