in their arms, and tossed him in the air, repeating certain phrases. Each of the guests afterwards underwent the same ceremony. The next singular occurrence was, that on the health of the Russian minister at Constantinople being given by the captain, he demanded aloud what others would do for him. Instantly a Russian officer, and nearly twenty of the crew, jumped from the cabin window into the sea, with their clothes on. The stern ladders were the only resource they had to get on board again; and on their entering the cabin with their wet clothes, they danced round the captain, occasionally prostrating themselves at his feet. On our going on shore, the greater part of the barge's crew threw themselves into the water, and swam by her side until we reached the beach. A few piastres distributed among them were, as I apprehend, considered by them a sufficient recompense for the ducking to which they had subjected themselves."

A Turk who had assaulted one of the English mission, and attempted to murder him, was condemned to be beheaded; the sentence being mitigated at Lord Elgin's intercession, he received fifty strokes of the bastinado on the soles of his feet, and was sentenced to twenty years imprisonment in the college of Pera, to learn the Arabic language.

After a long residence in the vicinity of Constantinople, the English were sent to join the Turkish army at Jaka.

"We found the Turkish troops encamped in the most confused and irregular manner, without any order in the positions they occupied, each individual having pitched his tent on the spot which was most agreeable to his inclination. The only regulation that seemed to border somewhat on system was, that each Pacha, or military governor, was surrounded by his own men. The encampment was on a white sandy soil; and I observed a considerable number of tents converted into cook's shops, while others were set aside for the sale of various commodities, particularly coffee and tobacco, of which, among the Turks, there is a great and constant consumption.

"The situation which had been chosen for the camp manifested an incredible degree of ignorance and imprudence on the part of those who had been entrusted with the marking out of the ground: being placed to leeward of the town, the sea breeze, which constantly prevailed during the day time, distributed to every part of it the putrid noxious effluvia which the streets of Jaffa produced. The tents were absolutely pitched among the abodes of the dead; and the bodies of those who had been interred were in general so superficially covered over by the earth, that the putrid exhalations

which were thus generated were intolerable to the passenger, and must have been as baneful as disgusting to those who were constantly exposed to them. To complete the horrors of this scene of filth and depra vity, the carcasses of dead animals, such as cainels, horses, and asses, were scattered in great abundance among the tents, to corrupt and moulder away, without giving the smal lest concern, or apparently offering any kind of molestation to the Turkish soldiery.

"The departure of troops from the Turkish encampment was, as well as their arrival, customarily announced by the discharge of muskets loaded with balls, which, flying at random in every direction, endangered the lives of all those who were within their reach. This practice of firing with bullets, which is followed in every Turkish camp, was indeed become so frequent, that we were under constant apprehensions of being shot. Our tents were repeatedly pierced by the balls; and one of our men, an armourer, was, while at work in our camp, wounded in the shoulder by a musquei-ball. The Turkish solders, who furnish their own ammunition at all times, except on the day of battle, when it is provided for them, conin this manner at their private expence.” ceive they have a right to amuse themselves

Here Dr. Wittman relates the tale of the massacre at Jaffa; a fact which we would willingly disbelieve, if the evidence did not appear irrefragable. We need not transcribe what has already been placarded upon the walls of every city in England. Yet it appears to us that Dr. Wittman's testimony is of little weight: I have seen the skeletons, he says: but how are they distinguished from the skeletons of men slain in battle? Still less conclusive are the circumstances which he adduces, to prove that Bonaparte ordered his own sick soldiers to be poisoned. An individual was pointed out to him as having been the executioner of these diabolical commands. Is it to be believed that the French army, or that any army, would suffer a man to exist in the same country with them. selves, who was known to have been the poisoner of their comrades? Or is Dr. Wittman so ignorant of the nature of evidence and of justice, as to admit rumour for proof, and condemn a man merely because he has been accused?

"I introduce the following anecdote to evince, among other facts, the very unchlightened condition of the Turks, without excepting even their principal men, in wnatever regards the sciences. General Koehler was requested by the Grand Vizier to have a map of the work sketched out for him. This request having been complied with, a

branches of which had been lopped off. The most elevated of the distant sand hills represented light clouds; while the smaller ones appeared like ships under a press of sail in the midst of beautiful lakes. This phenomenon was more particularly apparent on the levels, which were in some parts covered with a saline substance, finely crystallized, and very shining and brilliant."

The doctor's journal in Egypt is filled with the same impertinences as he thought worthy of remark at Constantinople. "Major Wilson, of Hompesch's regiment, arrived in the camp on the 15th, with dispatches from the British army. He set off in the evening, mounted on a hedgin, with dispatches from the Grand Vizier," p. 304. The Vizier was at this time indisposed with fever, and required my constant attendance; as did also Mahomed Pacha. Lieutenant Janverin of the royal navy, was at this time sent off with dispatches for Suez. On the morning of the 23d, an officer belonging to the British cavalry stationed in the Delta, came into the camp with letters: his arrival was followed by that of Major Wilson." "I rode in the morning along the banks of the river, to the vicinity of Shellacan, or Charlacan, at the junction of the two branches of the Nile, and had thence a view of Cairo, as well as of the pyramids of Giza. I rode in the afternoon to Harrachneah, a village distant three miles from Shellacan, and eight from Cairo, &c."; and so on, with a diary of rides, and deaths, and dinners, under the title of Travels in Asiatic Turkey, Syria, and Egypt.

Sometimes these valuable paragraphs are varied by others equally important, of a scientific nature. "On the 16th, I rode to Belgrade, and returned to Buyukdere. I brought home with me some of the air of Belgrade to examine." He brought from Jerusalem two bottles of the water of the Dead Sea, which, upon their arrival in England, he means to endeavour to analyze. A portion of the saline matter in the deserts, he col lected for future experiments. "I employed myself, on the 24th, in examining the waters I had collected at the different places at which we had stop

ped in our passage through the desert, and collected the residuous matter for future experiments. I collected some of the mud of the Nile, for the purpose of future examination, and shall on its arrival submit it to a careful analysis.” But none of these future experiments appear in this volume. In one instance, the doctor has omitted a scientific de

scription where it would have been useful.

"I procured, at one of the bazars of Cairo, a sample of the stone which is employed by the Arabs to cure the mange in horses. To effect this, they pound the stone, and convert it into a paste, which they spread over every part of the animal, suffering it to remain on for the space of three days, when it is washed off. This stone is collected on Mount Mokatam, is of a yellow colour, of a texture somewhat soft, and is named in Arabic tuff.”

Dr. Wittman can occasionally be accurate as when he tells us that the Reis Effendi shewed him a pair of pis, tols which he had purchased in London, and which were made by Bennet near the Royal Exchange.

of the military was at an end. Peace being concluded, the business of the military was at an end. Dr. Wittman returned to Constantinople, touching at several of the Greek Islands on his way, and from thence travelled by way of Vienna to Helvoetsluys. The appendix contains his medical journals, some remarks on plague and ophthalmia, and a meteorological journal.

No person who peruses this volume can possibly believe that Dr, Wittman collected any part of his original materials with a view to publication, except the medical journals. He seems to have raked up all the rubbish in his memory, after his return, with the wilful design of making a quarto book; and to have poached in old travellers, for descriptions, measurements, and anecdotes of historical topography. The trick has perhaps succeeded-and we have only to express our wonder and indignation that any bookseller or any author should be concerned in so disgraceful a transaction.

WE notice the third edition of Mr. Hunter's Travels, because it embraces an account, which is now for the first time presented to the public, of "several tours in Hungary." The cursory glance which we have now taken of those letters, which we read when they were published some six or seven years since, has confirmed the opinion which we recollect having entertained of them at that time they are amusing, but not very pregnant of valuable or interesting information. What Mr. Hunter saw he describes agreeably, and, we doubt not, faithfully; but he did not see much. He trots through France as if he were in a hurry to get out of it, and when detained any where a day longer than he calculated upon, seems to grudge the time. A very faithful diary is kept of the state of the roads, carriages, horses, inns, &c.; but Mr. Hunter forgets that his list of petty grievances, surly postillions, slow-footed horses, bad dinners, and filthy beds, however interesting it might be in a private journal for the perusal of a beloved sister, is excessively tiresome to us, who cannot reasonably be supposed to feel so acutely all that concerned his personal accommodation.

As these letters appeared first in order of time, it is hardly fair, perhaps, to say that the accounts which we have recently received from Sonnini, Olivier, Eton, and Dallaway, concerning the state of the Turkish empire, its inhabitants, its products, policy, commerce, &c. &c. very much depreciate the value of what we find here; but Lady Mary Wortley Montague's letters were published before these, and a great part of the information given here, particularly as to the manners of the Turks, is communicated in a much more minute, as well as more interesting manner, by that fascinating

writer.

Mr. Hunter does not appear to be a man of science; we have not a tittle concerning the natural history of any country he visits, nor are his reflections upon any subject usually very philosophic or profound. At Galatz Mr. Hunter dined with the governor, a good-natured but a dull man; this gives our traveller an opportunity of remarking, that goodnature without good-sense" has but few

attractions!" the reasons why are not forgotten to be added. The Greeks at Galatz are fond of dancing, and we are gravely told that "gaiety is an enviable possession;" that "the song and the dance can, whilst they last, erase from the tablet of recollection the galling chans of power, or the vexatious tyranny of avarice." Mr. Hunter plays at cards somewhere with a man who cheats him-we have a long dull lecture upon honesty! He is compelled to pass the night in a field near a village called Palamont, the inhabitants of which refused him accommodation; in parts it was an absolute marsh, and the croaking of the frogs disturbed the repose of our traveller, who tells us, that he "was wishing for an army of Frenchmen to demolish these execrable musicians!" Such silly frivolous remarks as these meet the eye but too often.. The filth and stench of the Turkish villages and huts, prove to Mr. Hunter "how entirely man is the creature of habit ;" and he might surely have added "of necessity."

Mr. Hunter proceeds to observe, that "the elegancies of life do not make us happier! many of its conveniences may be cheerfully dispensed with; but there are comforts which we absolutely require, and which seem to be interwoven with the very existence of rational enjoy ment." The first remark, that the elegancies of life do not make us happier, is not true, and at any rate does no great credit to the delicacy and refinement of Mr. Hunter's taste: the latter is one of those vulgar common-place truisms which so frequently offend us in the perusal of these pages.

But it is time that we should proceed to the " tours in Hungary," and collect the scanty information concerning that country which Mr. Hunter has afforded. Hungary, we had already been told in the former part, is, on the whole, a fine country; the climate being good, and the soil fertile. It produces wine, corn, and all kinds of vegetables in abundance, and in great perfection. Game and wild fowl are plentiful, and the breed of oxen, horses, and sheep is much esteemed: in the mountains there are rich and extensive mines of gold, silver, lead, and other metals; and the salt mines are highly productive and valuable. The Hun