third, medical education. The first and more primitive form is often the only one possible in the interior regions. There is no hospital, little equipment and more or less opposition, yet under such conditions a really valuable service may be rendered. Not only is sickness cured, but poverty and distress relieved. The wounds of evil men such as robbers are treated in the hope that this kindness may win them to Christ. The doctor is ready for any service. Sometimes he fills the pulpit of the native church; again he performs some service in the Sunday School. He is always on the alert for opportunities to speak a word for Christ. The second or hospital stage includes most of the opportunities of the pioneer work and adds to them the larger and more permanent advantages of the hospital building and equipment. About these hospitals and dispensaries cluster some of the tenderest tales of the conquest of souls for Christ giving full proof of the devotion of men who are using their medical and surgical skill to make entrance for the Great Physician. The third stage, that of medical education, has been attained in only a few of our mission fields. There is great need for the training of native missionary physicians because there are far too few American and European doctors in the missions and also because the native physician gets nearer to his own people and consequently his work is more enduring. Medical missions in Syria, as in all MosImportance lem lands, are an invaluable aid in breakin Syria ing down prejudice and in correcting wrong impressions concerning the Christian faith. For 70 years the medical work of the mission has been prominent. Because of the large place taken by the workers of the Syrian Protestant College the distinctively Presbyterian work is limited. It centers at three points equipped with hospitals, in the Lebanon mountains near Shebaniyeh, at Junieh on the Mediterranean coast across the bay from Beirut and at Tripoli on the coast fifty miles north of Beirut. Dr. Mary P. Eddy is seeing the ideals of her childhood realized in the work of the tuberculosis hospitals under her care. Born in Syria as the daughter of the beloved Dr. W. W. Eddy, she returned to her native land in 1893 equipped with a thorough medical education gained in the United States. After a severe examination she was granted a medical and surgical diploma by the Turkish Government. She was the first and only woman physician ever recognized by the Sultan. The military escort to which this entitles her is valuable in Turkey where the government is weak and the people are turbulent. Shebaniyeh One October day we visited the Shebaniyeh Tuberculosis Hospital, beautifully situated on a slope of the Lebanon mountains and standing as a monument to the personal efforts of Dr. Eddy who bought the ground and erected part of the buildings. Since 1908 its twenty beds, increased to thirty-five by the use of pavilions, have been well filled with young and old, sufferers from this dread disease. We saw little children, young men in the prime of life, mature women, with the shadow of death on their faces, tenderly ministered to by those imbued with the spirit of the Great Physician. We sat in the cool of the evening listening to the sweet strains of "Abide with Me," "Flee as a Bird," and the "Hallelujah Chorus" as the clear-voiced phonograph sent the heart moving chords through the rooms, bringing the peace of God to so many who have been strangers to Him. We looked out into the beautiful Syrian moonlight and thought of the blessedness of this work which reveals the Christlike personality of a woman honored and loved throughout Syria. We had seen "Michael," a five year old lad whose poor father had brought him to the hospital carrying him on his back for three days. He is in the third stage of tuberculosis and thinks he will not live. In his sweet, childish way, he repeats his Arabic prayers and sings, "At the Cross." His sister, cured in the hospital, looking on him with loving eyes, is seriously planning to dedicate herself to hospital work. How measureless is the power of these kindly ministries which reveal to the needy people of these mountains as nothing else can the true spirit of Christianity. Junieh :- About October 15th these patients are moved from this 3000 foot elevation with its heavy falls of snow to the seacoast and are housed in the new Hamlin Hospital at Junieh erected through the efforts of Mrs. Teunis Hamlin in memory of her husband so long a pastor in Washington, D. C. About one-half of the eighty-five patients treated in 1910-11 had contracted tuberculosis while away from Syria. Dr. Eddy is showing that there is hope of recovery at an early stage of the disease if proper measures are taken and that by the use of precautions the danger of contagion can be lessened. This proof is slowly overcoming the superstitious fear of the disease felt by the natives. Tripoli Our medical work at Tripoli was begun in 1863 by Dr. George E. Post who left it four years later to undertake at the Syrian Protestant College the work which made him famous. His place was taken by Dr. G. B. Danforth (1871-75) who was followed by Dr. C. W. Calhoun, (1879-83). At Dr. Calhoun's death the work was taken up by Dr. Ira Harris who is still in charge after nearly thirty years of service. The hospital which is largely given to surgical cases is in the city proper, and has room for thirty-five patients. There are no beds, properly speaking, the patient bringing his own cot and a friend to nurse him and provide him with food. One American nurse supervises the work. A hospital chapel provides a waiting room for patients who come each morning to consult the doctors. Here the native assistant who has been in the work more than twenty years preaches to the gathered company numbering from sixty to one hundred. Later he goes to help with operations and his place is taken by a Bible woman who speaks to the women who remain. Dr. Harris is ably assisted by his daughter, Dr. Ara Elsie Harris, who helps her father in important operations and is sometimes assisted by him when she operates. She holds a special clinic in the city for women. In 1910-11 the cases treated here and in the clinic at Meena, the port of the city, numbered 15,380.. A new hospital is much needed at Tripoli. $8000.00 from the Kennedy Fund is in hand, and when this amount is sufficiently supplemented, a modern building may be erected in a better location. Itinerating Besides the hospital work at these three points, Dr. Harris, his daughter, and Dr. Eddy make long trips through the country and to cities with no resident physician. A temporary hospital is set up in a tent, church, or other building, and sick ones of all tribes and faiths crowd around. The trunk which carries the medicines is balanced by another filled with Bibles and tracts and before the clinic opens the patients are given draughts of the "Water of Life" that with the healing of the body there may go the cure of the sin-sick soul. In America the days following Thanksgiving and Christmas are busy ones for the doctors who are called to wait upon the children who have been surfeited with food. In Syria the busy days are those following the month-long Moslem fast of Ramazan when the Sheker Byram feast begins, and the days after the long Lent of the eastern Christians. Like children they are in their reckless feasting which works havoc with the digestive organs long used to frugal fare. In regions infested with cholera there is always predicted an increase of this disease at these times. How important then that the doctor shall not only cure disease but teach how to prevent it. Syrian To close this chapter without reference to the medical work of the Syrian Protestant College would be to state the situation unfairly; for while this institution has no direct connection with the Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions, it is an outgrowth of our Syrian Mission. The first head of the medical department, Dr. Geo. E. Post, was one of our medical missionaries, and the school is reckoned today by our Mission as a great cooperating force in behalf of Christianity. President Howard S. Bliss insists that "every worker in the College is a missionary." As a testimony to |