species. The bed allotted to the gentian family may be found a little beyond the plumbago family; various gentians are represented, among them the blind gentian, a native of the United States, and the Thibet gentian, from the Himalayas and China. In the brook, just beyond the little stone bridge, may be found the buckbean family; here are shown the water-snowflake, common in tropical regions, and the water-lily floating heart, native in Europe and northern Asia.

Just beyond the left hand bed devoted to the carrot family is the dogbane family; the willow-leaved amsonia, from the central and southeastern United States, and the broad-leaved amsonia, from the central and eastern United States, are conspicuous objects here. Beyond this are two beds of the milkweed family and among its representatives are the common milkweed of our roadsides, the hairy milkweed and the swamp milkweed; the swallowworts also belong here and are illustrated by several species. In the morning-glory family, located to the right of the above, are the small bindweed, of northern Europe and Asia, sometimes a troublesome weed in this country, and the bush morning-glory from the western United States. Following the milkweeds is the phlox family; interesting plants here are the Jacob's-ladder (Polemonium), of Europe, with its masses of blue flowers; the hairy phlox, of North America; Britton's phlox, a relative of the common ground phlox, from the southeastern United States; the ground phlox and its white-flowered form, both natives of the eastern United States; and forms of the garden phlox, also from the southeastern United States. In the shade, the natural habitat of many of these plants, is the water-leaf family, at the base of a large rock on the ridge; there are the purple, the broad-leaved and the Virginia water-leaf (Hydrophyllum).

Further along and at the base of the ridge is the borage family; the tuberous comfrey, the rough comfrey and the common comfrey, all natives of Europe, are represented. the vervain family, in a small bed to the left, may be found:

In

the wedge-leaved fog-fruit (Lippia), from the western United States and Mexico and the vervains. We now come in the sequence to the mint family, to which are devoted six beds; among the true mints may be found here the creeping whorled mint, the curled mint and the spearmint, all from the Old World. Many familiar plants may be seen in these beds, and among them are: the false dragon-head, of the United States; motherwort, common in Europe and widely distributed as a weed in this country along roadsides and in waste places; the horse-balm, of North America, common in the east in woods; Oswego tea, and other bergamots, natives of North America; the betony and hyssop, of Europe; the hedge-nettles, from both the Old World and the New; the common sage of the Mediterranean region, highly prized by the housewife, and other sages; catnip, a native of Europe, but widely distributed as a weed in this country; Gill-overthe-ground, or ground ivy, also a European plant, but extensively spread as a weed in this country; and the dittany, of North America.

The potato family may be found a little to the left and just beyond the phlox family. Here may be seen the common jimson, or Jamestown, weed, the seeds of which are poisonous, a native of tropical regions, but a common weed along our roadsides; the nightshade, a European plant, but commonly distributed as an introduction in many parts of this country, also with poisonous fruit; tobacco plants and solanums; it is to this family that the potato, tomato and eggplant belong. A little beyond and to the left of the mints are the two beds allotted to the figwort family; of interest here are: the beard-tongues, of which there are several species; the speedwells (Veronica), among them the long-leaved speedwell and the gentian speedwell; the fox-gloves (Digitalis), from one of which, the purple fox-glove, the valuable medicine digitalin is derived; Lyon's snake-head from the southern states; culver's-root, from the southeastern United States; and several figworts. Just beyond this may be found the unicorn-plant family, represented by the unicorn-plant.

A little beyond is the globularia family, represented by a single species of globularia. To the right is the acanthus family; not many of these plants are hardy in this latitude, but in the conservatories many representatives may be found, as the family is largely confined to tropical and warm temperate areas; in this bed may be seen the hairy ruellia, from the southeastern United States. In this neighborhood may also be seen the lopseed family, represented by the lopseed, a native of eastern North America.

To the right of the acanthus family is the single bed devoted to the plantain family; several species, such as Rugel's plantain and rib-grass, are pernicious weeds in this neighborhood, often disfiguring an otherwise even lawn. Just beyond the mints may be found the two beds of the madder family; to this belongs the dainty little bluets or innocence, which sometimes give a blue sheen to sterile, sandy places, so abundant is it in some localities; it is quite common in eastern North America; several species of bedstraw (Galium) may also be found here, while many other plants belonging to this family are grown at the conservatories, among them the coffee tree. A little beyond is the single bed of the honeysuckle family, represented by the feverworts; this family being large composed of woody plants, many other species, including the true honeysuckles, may be found in the fruticetum and in the viticetum. To the left is the valerian family with a single bed; here may be found the valerian, a common European plant.

Just beyond the plantain family is the teasel family. It is to this that the teasel plant belongs, used in olden times for raising the nap on woolen cloth. Several species of cephalaria may be found here. The bell-flower family is a little further on and to the left; the Carpathian and Host's bellflowers, both natives of Europe, are pretty representatives here; the creeping bell-flower, or Canterbury bells, also a native of Europe, may be found here in several forms; the Japanese bell-flower and its white variety are also here, their large showy flowers making them quite conspicuous. A little

further on and to the left is the lobelia family; the cardinal flower and the blue cardinal flower, both natives of North America, make showy objects; the former is particularly striking in its rich masses of cardinal-red flowers.

To the right of the teasel family is the chicory family. The common lettuce (Lactuca), so much used in salads, belongs here; many of the plants are extremely weedy by nature, and this is particularly true of the hawkweeds, a genus richly represented in the Old World, several species of which are shown here; the oyster plant is also a member of this family.

To the left of this may be found the ragweed family. All the species here are of a weedy nature. The ragweed, the giant ragweed and the common clot-blur find representation here. Terminating the sequence comes the very large thistle family, represented by many species from all parts of the world; there are nine beds at present given over to these plants; the sunflowers, coneflowers, thistles, asters, fleabanes, yarrows, golden-rods, tansies, sneezeweeds, burdocks, artemisias and wormwoods, cat's-foot, tick-seeds, elecampane, boneset, chrysanthemums, colt's-foot and many others are shown; the Jerusalem artichoke, one of the sun-flowers, a native of eastern North America, bears edible tubers.

(b) MORPHOLOGICAL GARDEN

This is located to the north of the systematic collection, the two collections being separated by the driveway which crosses the valley. It is designed to illustrate here with typical examples the organs and other features of plants, including leaf-forms and the various modifications of their margins, their venation and insertion on the stem; also the various kinds of stems, methods of propagation, flower-clusters and fruits, leaf-movements, parasites, desert plants and seed-dispersal. Looking north on this collection, the first bed to the right of the brook contains plants illustrating simple leafforms. Immediately following this on the same side of the brook are the plants representing the various forms of com

pound leaves, or those in which there is a distinct jointing of the leaflets to the leaf-axis. Farther along the brook, in the pool, may be found various forms of aquatic roots, stems and leaves; and a little beyond this to the right is the bed containing plants illustrating forms of propagation.

The remaining plots of this collection are located on the left hand or westerly side of the brook. The first of these to the right is devoted to leaf-venation, and the one to the left to leaf-margins, the former illustrating the character of the veins and nerves, and the latter the toothing or lobing of the margins. Beyond this to the right is the group of plants showing the manner of insertion of the leaves on the stem; and to the left of this are specimens illustrating the various ways in which plants may form a mosaic covering on the ground. A little beyond are the examples of stem-forms. One bed is devoted to show the smaller kinds, while for the larger examples, illustrating tree, twining, root-climbing and tendril-climbing stems, specimens have been selected or placed to the left of this bed and properly labeled.

A little beyond the pool may be found the bed illustrating flower-clusters, and still further on that devoted to parasitic plants, or those deriving their nourishment from the living tissues of other plants. To the left of this and farther up the hill is the group of plants showing leaf-positions. Beyond and a little to the right are plants which are at home in desert regions, and the various means of accommodating themselves to their natural surroundings are shown. Further on to the right is the bed devoted to fruit-forms; and to the left of this, one showing various forms of seed-dispersal; those with the surface of the fruits covered with some sticky substance or curved appendages or hooked hairs or spines require the intervention of some animal for their distribution, while those with wings or with hairs attached to the seed are spread through the agency of the wind. To the right of the above are plants representing a species and a variety, and to the left of this is a bed containing plants showing species and hybrids.