SUNDRIDGE HOUSE and PARK, near Bromley, Kent, the very beautiful seat of Samuel Scott, Esq., erected from designs of John Nash Esq. The grounds were laid out by the late H. Repton. SYDENHAM, a village in Kent, on the declivity of a fine hill, seven miles S. of London. TEDDINGTON, a village in Middlesex, seated on the Thames, twelve miles W. S. W. from London, near which are several noblemen's and gentlemen's seats. THAMES DITTON, a village in Surrey, two miles and a quarter S. from Kingston. THEOBALDS, a hamlet on the New River, in the parish of Cheshunt, Herts, two miles W. N. W. from Waltham Abbey; King James I. had a palace there. TOOTING, UPPER, a hamlet in the parish of Streatham, and in the road to Reigate, five miles and a half S. from London. TOOTING, LOWER, six miles from London, on the same road, has many good houses. TOTTENHAM HIGH CROSS, a village four miles and a half N. E. from London, in the road to Ware. Here is an old seat called Bruce Castle. TRENT PLACE, a beautiful villa on Enfield Chase, the property of John Cumming, Esq. TURNHAM GREEN, a village in Middlesex, five miles W. from London, in the parish of Chiswick. TWO-WATERS, a village in Hertfordshire, noted for a number of paper-mills. TWYFORD PRIORY, Middlesex, two miles and three quarters N.N.W. from Acton, situated on the Paddington Canal, the only house in the parish, the seat of Thomas Willan, Esq. UXBRIDGE, a market town in Middlesex, fifteen miles W. from London, on the road to Oxford, is situated on the river Coln and Grand Junction Canal, over each of which it has a bridge. WALHAM GREEN, a village of Middlesex, in the parish of Fulham, three miles S. W. from London. WALTHAM ABBEY, or WALTHAM HOLY CROSS, is a large irregular town, situated on low ground near the river Lee, which here forms a number of small islands, and is skirted by fruitful meadows which have been long famed for succulent grass. The church formed a part of the ancient Abbey, and exhibits some curious Norman architecture. WALTHAM CROSS, or WEST WALTHAM, a village in Hertfordshire, is situated one mile and a half W. from Waltham Abbey, on the high north road, consisting of a single street, disposed on each side of the road. It derives its name from one of those elegant stone crosses which the pious affection of Edward I. occasioned him to erect in memory of his beloved Queen Eleanor. WALTHAMSTOW, five miles N. N. E. from London, is a large and populous village, including the hamlets of Chapel-end, Clay-street, Haleend, Hoo-street, Marsh-street, and Wood-street, and abounds with the villas of opulent merchants and tradesmen. WALTON, a village in Surrey, six miles S. W. from Kingston, pleasantly situated on the river Thames, over which it has a bridge. WALWORTH, a long village between London and Camberwell, contains, like the latter village, many respectable dwellings of merchants and private gentlemen. WANDSWORTH, a village in Surrey, five miles W. S. W. from London, situate in the road to Kingston, near the confluence of the Wandle with the Thames, and between two hills called East Hill and West Hill, Garrat Lane, between this place and Tooting, was formerly the scene of the ludicrous ceremony which gave origin to Foote's amusing farce "The Mayor of Garrat." WANSTEAD, a village, six miles from London, on the skirts of Epping Forest, is adorned with several villas, and was ennobled by the magnificence of Wanstead House, now pulled down. WESTBOURN GREEN, a village in the parish of Paddington, one mile and a half W. N. W. of London. Here are situated Westbourn Place, the seat of S. P. Cockerell. Esq.; and several other villas. WEST WYCOMBE, a town of Bucks, six miles from Uxbridge. Here is a seat of Sir John Dashwood. The Church stands on a hill: the ball on its cupola will hold six persons. WEYBRIDGE, a village in Surrey, three miles S. E. from Chertsey, took its name from a bridge formerly erected here over the Wey. WHITTON, Middlesex, a hamlet of the parish of Twickenham, one mile and a half south from Hounslow. A seat of G. Gosling, Esq. The grounds are celebrated for their cedars of Lebanon, said to be the finest in England. Sir Benjamin Hobhouse, Bart. has a seat here. WIMBLY GREEN, six miles from London, on the Harrow road, a seat of John Gray, Esq. WILSDON, Middlesex, a village five miles W. N. W. from London. There are fine views in this vicinity. WIMBLEDON, a village in Surrey, on a fine heath, seven miles S. W. of London. Here is a fine seat of Lord Spenser's, and many pleasant villas of nobility and gentry surround this Common and its neighbourhood. WOODFORD, a village eight miles from London, in the road to Epping, has some agreeable villas on each side of the road, which command fine prospects over a beautiful country. WROTHAM PARK, in the parish of South Mims, Middlesex, the scat of George Byng, Esq. M.P., contains some valuable pictures. CHAP. XIX. Compendium of the History of Middlesex, exclusive of London. SITUATION AND EXTENT. Boundaries. North, Hertford; East, Essex; South, Surrey and Kent; West, Buckinghamshire. Greatest length, 23; greatest breadth, 17; circumference, 115; square, 28) miles. Province, Canterbury. Diocese, London. ANTIENT STATE AND REMAINS. British Inhabitants. Trinobantes, the first tribe that submitted to the Roman Province. Flavia Cæsariensis. Stations. Londinium, Londor.; Sullonica, near Brockley Hill, in Stanmore Magna. Encampments. At Enfield; Hounslow Heath; in Harmondsworth; Laleham; Pancras, called the Brill. Saxon Octarchy. Part of the kingdom of Essex. Priories. Bentley (founded ante 1258). Harmondsworth (cell to that of the Holy Trinity at Rouen). Hounslow (founded 13th century). Risclip (founded ante 1259). Uxbridge (founded by Hugh Rowse). Nunneries. Bromley St. Leonard (founded temp. Wm. I. by the Bishop of London. Kilbourn (founded temp. Henry I.). Sion (founded in 1414 by Henry V. at Twickenham; removed in 1432 to Isleworth; and was the only convent of Bridgetine nuns in this kingdom). Preceptories. Hampton (existed in 1180). Harefield. Churches. Barnet Friarn, of Norman architecture. Bedfont (remains of Norman architecture). Bromley St. Leonard (part of the Nunnery). Harlington (south door-way ornamented with a moulding of cats' heads, with long tongues curled at the end). Harmondsworth (south door Anglo-Saxon). Harrow; Hendon. Kingsbury (built partly with Roman bricks). Laleham (a double chancel, and many remains of Anglo-Norman workmanship). Littleton; Riselip (in which is a monument of the courageous defendress of Corfe Castle, Lady Banckes). Staines; Stratford-le-Bow. Wilsdon (on the north side of chancel are some slight remains of sculp ture, indicating a holy sepulchre). Chapels Hounslow (part of ancient priory). Norwood (north door Anglo-Norman). Stepney (part of the walls to be seen in a farm-house in the Isle of Dogs). Fonts. Drayton (richly sculptured with grotesque figures, foliage, and religious subjects). Harrow; Hayes; Hendon (Norman). Wilsdon (Anglo-Saxon). PRESENT STATE AND APPEARANCE. Rivers. Brent; Colne; Crane rises near Harrow, and falls into the Thames at Isleworth; Exe or Echel; Kil; Lea; Mose or Mosell; New River (artificial); THAMES. Inland Navigation. Grand Junction, Isle of Dogs, Paddington, and Regent's Canals; THAMES River. Eminences and Views. Belmont in Stanmore grounds; Brockley Hill; Natural Curiosities. Acton cathartic wells, formerly of great repute. At Old Brentford have been dug up bones of elephants, hippopotami, deer, oxen, &c., and also shells of oysters, nautili, and other marine exuviæ. Chads-well spa, Gray's Inn Lane, a very powerful cathartic. In Fulham Palace garden, the Tamarisk was first planted, in 1560, by order of Bishop Grindall, as were many North American plants by Bishop Compton; and the Cedar of Libanus was also first planted at Fulham, in 1683. Hampstead chalybeate well (first recommended by Dr. Gibbons, the "Mirmillo" of Garth's "Dispensary"). At Hampton Court, the great vine, of the Black Hamburgh kind, has been known to produce, in one year, 2200 bunches of grapes, weighing on an average 1lb. each. At Hendon Place was a Cedar of Libanus, 70 feet in height, and 16 feet in circumference, at 7 feet from the ground: it was blown down on New Year's day, 1779. Another of nearly equal dimensions was cut down at Hillingdon, in 1789. There are now two in the Apothecaries' garden at Chelsea, and a very large one in the grounds at Enfield Manor-house. Hornsey well, called Mus-well, which is said to have miraculously cured a king of Scots in the twelfth century. Hoxton waters. Kilbourn mineral wells. Sion House grounds contain the first mulberry trees planted in this kingdom. At Southfield Farm, the Pine and Chinese Strawberries, and the Auricula, were first cultivated by Mr. Rench; and his son first introduced the Moss-Rose at the same place. At Twickenham, the Weeping Willow was first planted, early in the 18th century. Public Edifices. Acton Conduit, constructed 1612; Goldsmiths' Almshouses, finished 1811. Bayswater, Queen's Lying-in-Hospital, instituted 1752, removed there 1791. Camden Town, Veterinary College, and Infirmary, instituted 1791. Chelsea College, first stone laid by Charles II. March 12, 1682, finished 1690, architect, Sir Christopher Wren; College Infirmary, built by J. Soane, Esq.; York Hospital; Royal Military Asylum for soldiers' children, first stone laid by the Duke of York, June 19, 1801, architect, Geo. Saunders, Esq; Bridge built of wood, 1772, cost 20,000. Enfield Grammar School founded in the 15th century. Fulham Bridge, built of wood, from plan of the surgeon Cheselden; cost 23,0751. Greenwich Hospital, Naval Asylum, Observatory in Greenwich Park. Hackney, Dissenters' College, established in 1787; Free School, founded in 1616, by Mrs. Margaret Audley; two other free schools, one instituted 1714, and the other in 1790. Hampton Court Bridge, of wood, 11 arches, opened Dec. 13. 1753. Highgate Archway, 36 feet high, 18 feet wide, erected in consequence of an intended tunnel under the hill, which had proceeded 130 yards, when it fell in, April 12, 1812; Whittington's Alms-houses; Grammar School, erected in 1562, by Chief Justice Cholmeley of the King's Bench. Homerton, Widow's Retreat, founded 1812. Hounslow Heath Barracks, erected 1793. At Islington, Lady Owen's Almshouses and School, founded 1610; Quaker's Workhouse and School; Sadler's Wells, so called from one Sadler, who re-discovered the Wells in 1683; present theatre erected in 1765. Kensington Schools; Water Tower. At Knightsbridge, St. George's Hospital, opened 1734, and Lock Hospital, 1746. Littleton and Chertsey Stone Bridge, 7 arches; built 1785; cost 13,000l. ; architect, Payne. Mary-le-bone, Middlesex Hospital, instituted 1745 at the suggestion of the benevolent Howard. At Mile End, Newyt Tzaddik, or German Jews' Hospital, established in 1806; Hospital for Portuguese Jews, instituted 1748; Trinity, founded in 1695, by the Trinity House Corporation; Bancroft's, founded by will, 1727; Fullers', Vintners', and Skinners' Almshouses. In Pancras, Foundling Hospital, instituted in 1739, through the exertions of Captain Thomas Coram, who was buried in its vaults, 1751; among its paintings is Hogarth's famous "March to Finchley;" Welch Charity School, established 1718, by the Society of Ancient Britons, instituted on St. David's Day, (March 1,) 1714; Smallpox Hospital, the first in Europe, established 1745; the present building now chiefly devoted to vaccination, erected 1794; "Tabernacle," Meeting-house of Calvinistic Methodists, founded by George Whitfield, 1756; in it is a monument of his wife, buried there 1768; a cenotaph of himself, who died in America, 1770; and a monument of Augustus Montague Toplady, Calvinistic divine, 1778. At Pentonville, London Female Penitentiary. Poplar and Blackwall, West India Warehouses and Docks, first stone laid by Mr. Pitt and others, July 12, 1800, finished 1802; East India Docks; Dock and Warehouses of Wigram and Green, the most considerable private dock in Europe, 19 acres; Trinity Buoy Wharf; East India Company and Mercers' Almshouses. Shadwell Water-works, established 1669. Staines Iron Bridge, supported by wooden piles, (two bridges have fallen there since 1797,) completed in 1807. Stratford-le-Bow Bridge, very antient. Tottenham-Cross Schools and Almshouses, one of the latter founded in 1600, by Baltaser Sanchez, a Spaniard, said to have been the first person in this kingdom who exercised the trade of a confectioner, or "comfit-maker." Uxbridge Market-house, erected 1789. Peerage. Chelsea viscounty to Cadogan, Earl Cadogan: Enfield barony to Nassau, Earl of Rochford: Harlington (the aspirate being dropped) earldom and barony to Fitzroy, Duke of Grafton: Kensington Irish barony to Edwardes: Middlesex earldom to Sackville, Duke of Dorset: Ossulston (hundred) barony to Bennet, Earl of Tankerville: Uxbridge earldom to Paget, Marquess of Anglesea: of Caen-wood, Mansfield earldom and Murray barony to Murray: of Hanworth, Vere barony to Beauclerk, Duke of St. Alban's. Members of Parliament. For the County, 2; for the City of London, 4; for Westminster, 2. Produce. Wheat, for which Heston was so famous, that it was reserved for Royal use, and Elizabeth had her manchets made of it; Barley; Peas; Beans; Oats; Hay; Osiers; Garden Vegetables and Fruit, particularly Raspberries for distillers; Milk; Poultry; House-lamb. Clay for Bricks is a very prevalent part of the soil. Manufactures. Calico-printing; Cotton; Crape; Bleaching; Dyeing; Silk-weaving; Distilling; Brewing; Floor-cloth; Stained-paper; Paste board; Iron; Copper-sheets; Bolts and Bars; Anchors; Mooring. chains; Ropes; Oil of Vitriol; White-lead; Stone Jars and Pots; Cru, cibles; Bricks; Fur-cutting; Muffs and Tippets; Gunpowder; Turpen. tine; Artificial Stone. PP |