66 JOHN THURTELL'S FAMILY: WIDOWS' which has three lions ramp., stand for a -Can any deceased ancestor of paramount importance? Paul Iden left a widow Anne, and an heiress who married Edward Shelley, ancestor of the poet, and The Antiquary paper was in reference to a supposed Guilford descent through Iden, which, as far as I know, has remained uncontradicted. Wadesmill, War . 1. What was the education of John Thurtell previously to his being gazetted Second Lieutenant of Marines in May, 1809? Was he a day-boy at Norwich Grammar School? He seems, wherever educated, to have profited very little by his lessons, for when "confined he was in Hertford Gaol " he was capable of writing "I am oblidge." 2. Where and when did his brothers Thomas and Henry die? Had he more than one sister? Canon Jessopp wrote to The Athenæum in July, 1893, that two brothers of the murderer were prowling about Norwich" as late as 1873. Since then, I believe, some descendants of John Thurtell, senior, have emigrated to South Africa. 3. In the Muster Books of the ships Thurtell served on from June, 1809, to February, 1814, I find many seamen entered as "widows' men" in lieu of names: I also find many seamen receiving an allowance for "dead men's cloathes." What do these entries mean? 4. What has The Norwich Mercury to say in its issues for 8, 15, 22 Nov., 1823, and 3, 10, 17 Jan., 1824? These are not in the British Museum, but have been referred to in N. & Q.' or elsewhere. ERIC WATSON. [3. Annandale's four volume Imperial Dictionary,' 1883, 8.v. Widow,' has: "Widows' men are imaginary sailors, borne on the books, and receiving pay and prize money, which is appropriated to Greenwich Hospital (Marryat)." Fuller information will be found at 9 S. v. 254.] W. L. KING. 66 F. H. C. The brackets denote a long word of some fourteen or fifteen letters, difficult to decipher, but which is something like "Bnincluingelen." Possibly also what I read as "Darquenies may be darquemes.' Can any of your readers throw any light on the inscription, or suggest who was Catherine de Bernieules? THE IDEN BRASS AT PENSHURST. There is no local knowledge or tradition conCould any one help me to elucidate the cerning the bell as far as I am aware. I take heraldry of the brass to Paul Iden in Pens-it to be a French or Flemish bell which has hurst Church? He died 1514. In an early found its way to Lancashire. Its diameter number of Walford's Antiquary, c. 1880, is 271 in. the writer says that one of the Iden impalements was that of Guilford; but this must be an error, as the arms indicated in the brass have the saltire engrailed, whereas the Guilford saltire is plain. I suggest that it stands for Beaufitz, and possibly indicates the widow of Sir John Scott (ob. 1485), who was Agnes Beaufitz. Then of the four surrounding shields, whom could the third (lower dexter) one indicate? and why does it stand alone, without any Iden attachment? Is there any correlation between a deceased and the arrangement of arms round the brass? I can find nothing in books on the subject. Could the third shield aforesaid, OVER KENNETT, LANCASHIRE.-Will any one familiar with Lancashire kindly tell me where Over Kennett in the county of Lancs is to be found? It was the only address to a will proved in January, 1656. Any information that would be a guide to the parish to which it belongs I should be grateful for. Was there at that date a house at Lancaster of that name? Is there any tomb there to the memory of Thomas Robinson, who died December, 1655 ? and if so, has it any coat of arms or other indication of the family to which he belonged? F. C. B. HARRIET WILKES: MRS. ROUGH.-Does PRIOR FAMILY OF TEWKESBURY.-Behind any authentic portrait exist of this lady, who was a natural daughter of the famous John Wilkes, and who married William Rough, barrister-at-law? I want to reproduce her picture in my forthcoming Life of Wilkes. HORACE BLEACKLEY. Algeciras, Spain. the new organ in Tewkesbury is a monumental inscription put up in memory of several members of the Prior familyamong others Henry Prior, died 1809, aged 91, and Henry Prior, died 1852, aged 100. Can any correspondent give me further particulars respecting this long-lived family? W. F. PRIDEAUX. Villa Paradis, Hyères (Var). CROMWELL'S ILLEGITIMATE DAUGHTER, MRS. HARTOP: THOMAS PHILPOT.-At 2 S. Jonathan Hartop of Aldborough, Yorks, from Jas. Easton's Health and Longevity,' published in 1799. Hartop died in 1791, at CURIOUS NAMES ON A COFFIN-PLATE.the age of 138, and is said to have married Can any reader of N. & Q.' tell me whether five wives, of whom the third was an illethe following inscription on a lady's coffin-H. J. Todd, in his Life of Milton prefixed gitimate daughter of Cromwell. plate denotes that she belonged to any to his edition of the poet's works, states in particular sect or society ?a foot-note to p. 158: WAYS OF BEING LOST: HINDU REFERENCE SOUGHT.-I have read somewhere in Hindu literature of the sixteen different ways in which an object can be lost. I shall be glad to learn where I may find the refer.. 101, CESTRIENSIS set out the life of ence; is it in the Ordinances of Manu? MARCH DUNNING. "Dame Cleaoffia Cleopatria Clestalis Phillis Langham, relict of Sir James Langham, Bt., died November 19th, 1754, æt. 62 years." Her real name was Phillis; she was sister to Isaac Ball of St. Anne's, Westminster, a necklace-maker, and wife of Sir James Langham, fifth Baronet, who died in 1749. She had no children by him, but a daughter Sarah, wife of John Johnson of St. George's parish in Middlesex, and a granddaughter Phillis Windsor are tioned in her will, which is dated July, 1754. Not having seen it myself, I cannot tell whether it throws any light on her reasons for assuming these high-sounding names, and I shall be most grateful for any information about the inscription or her family. ETHEL LANGHAM. Tempo Manor, co. Fermanagh. The Rev. "This curious anecdote [of Milton repaying a sum of 501.] had appeared in The Wolverhampton Chronicle and Staffordshire Advertiser of March 31, 1790, Mr. Hartop being then living, and the letter [of Milton to Hartop] described as extant." Is the extract from The Wolverhampton Chronicle known? and does it throw any light on Hartop's third marriage? your son In his petition to Cromwell on 9 Oct., 1654 (Brit. Mus. press-mark 669. f. 19 [20]), Thomas Philpot signs himself menin-law." Further particulars of this man can be gathered from Mercurius Aulicus for 13-20 March, 1654, and from his examination in 1660, to be found summarized in the Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, for 1660-61,' on p. 427. He must not be confounded with the other Thomas Philpot, or Philipot, of whom there is a Life in the 'D.N.B.' J. B. WILLIAMS. PARISHES IN TWO OR MORE COUNTIES.I shall be very much obliged if any reader can tell me whether there is any list of the parishes in England which are situated in two or more counties, and whether (if so) the proportion of the parish in each county is given. IVY C. Woods, Librarian-Secretary. Society of Genealogists, 227, Strand, W.C. DOVER SEEN FROM CALAIS.-Could a man see across the Straits three centuries ago? "As a man standing vpon Callis sands may see men walking on Douer Clifts, so easily may you discerne heauē frō the farthest part of hel."Tho. Nash, Pierce Penilesse his Supplication to the Diuell,' 1595, sig. G 2. RICHARD H. THORNTON. MOULE.-Will any of your readers be so kind as to help me in the following difficulty? I am anxious to establish the connecting link believed to exist between the family of who is known to have been living in Great Moule of Bedfordshire and one John Moule, Swan Alley, Coleman Street, in 1770, and before that in Aldgate. He married Elizabeth Parceval of Stockton-on-Tees; place Their son and date of marriage unknown. George Moule, born 1768, settled at Melksham in Wiltshire in 1790. He used arms identical with those of Moule of Bedfordshire, namely, Argent, a trefoil slipped sable between two bars gules, in chief three torteaux (see Edmondson's Body of Heraldry '), Crest: A cubit arm issuing out of clouds proper, habited gules, cuff argent, the hand open and erect. Motto, "Droit et loyal." These arms are quartered with Blackett and Vanneck. The Blackett connexion is through Elizabeth Parceval, whose mother was Ann Blackett, heiress of her uncle Michael Blackett. Of the Vanneck connexion nothing is known. Any information about John Moule of Great Swan Alley, and any details as to his antecedents, or any information about the Moules of Bedfordshire, would be very gratefully received. MARGARET MOULE. 5, Walsingham Mansions, Fulham Road, S.W. "For followers reared in the tradition of hysteria depicted above, no rawhead is thought too raw, and no bloody-bones too bloody." These words brought back to my mind the vague memory of a tale I heard, as a child, about some such persons as "Rawhead " and "Bloody-bones.' My only recollection of it is that it was a rather fearful one, and that it was told me by a woman whose childhood and youth had been spent in Derry. From the above mention of it in Kettle's book I should suspect it to be a fairly common tale in Ireland, particularly in the North. Can any of your readers give me further information on the matter? Wм. A. MCLAUGHLIN. Ann Arbor, Michigan. [Dr. Cobham Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable' says: "Rawhead and Bloody - Bones.-A bogie at one time the terror of children. 'Servants awe children and keep them in subjection by telling them of Rawhead and Bloody-Bones' (Locke). The New English Dictionary,' s.v. Raw-head,' carries the story much further back than Locke, the earliest quotation being from Wyll of Deuyll,' c. 1550: "Written by our faithful Secretaryes, Hobgoblin, Rawhed, & Bloody-bone."] BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION WANTED.— I should be glad to obtain any particulars concerning the following men who were educated at Westminster School: (1) Blois, admitted Christmas, 1809, and left 1811; (2) C. H. Blount, at school in 1803; (3) Charles Henry Bloxam, born 15 Jan., 1812, admitted 13 Jan., 1824; (4) Fraser Houstoun Bloxam, born 26 May, 1810, admitted 18 Jan., 1819; (5) George Frederick Bloxam, born 20 Sept., 1813, admitted 14 Jan., 1824; (6) Henry Boulton, admitted June, 1740, aged 13; (7) James Boulton, admitted 17 Jan., 1771; and (8) Richard Bolton, admitted 11 Oct., 1786. G. F. R. B. MARSACK.-At 7 S. xii. 409, 478, there are references to a certain Major Charles Marsack, who bought Caversham Park, Oxon, from the Earl of Cadogan (presumably) in or about the year 1787. This transaction is recorded in the Biog. Index of the House of Lords,' 1808, as follows: the very "In consequence of some unhappy connubial events the late Earl sold land, house, furniture, wine in the cellar, and, if we are to believe report, for a sum of money one day before dinner." roast beef on the spit to Major Marsac [sic] As Caversham Park cost not less than 130,000l. to build (see Neale's Views,' 1824), the Major must have been a wealthy man to take over such a property I desire to find out who Major Charles Marsack, or Marsac, was, whence he came, and if he had any connexion with the French families of the same name. His career in the Indian Army is published in Dodswell and Miles's' List,' 1834. G. J., F.S.A. BRUTTON.-Can any of the readers of N. & Q.' supply particulars concerning the family history of Col. Nicholas Brutton, who, it is stated, sold the_LieutenantColonelcy of he 11th Light Dragoons to the Earl of Cardigan for the record price of F. W. R. GARNETT. 17,5007.? Wellington Club, Grosvenor Place, S.W Replies. PIRATES: CAPT. WOODES ROGERS. (11 S. viii. 488.) CAPT. WOODES ROGERS came to the front owing to having achieved a name as a successful pirate. In the early part of the eighteenth century the West Indian seas were infested with a horde of these outlaws, the chief of whom was one Edward Teach, commonly known as "Blackbeard," whose head-quarters were at New Providence in the Bahama Islands; and there is little doubt that for a time Woodes Rogers was associated with him, and especially with one of Blackbeard's comrades-a certain Benjamin Hornygold, who with Woodes Rogers in 1717 sailed to the continent of America on a privateering expedition, which was very successful. In that year, however, the notorious Blackbeard had been attacked by a small expedition sent by the Governor of Virginia under Lieut. Maynard; after a sanguinary encounter Blackbeard was killed, and those who survived of his crew captured, and most of them subsequently of South America, including the rescue of executed. Alexander Selkirk from the Isle of Juan The Duke was a Bristol ship, fitted out by the merchants of that city, and no doubt sailed under letters of marque. Capt. Rogers, therefore, would probably have been greatly surprised to find himself classed as a pirate. DONALD GUNN. 63, St. James's Street, S. W. 6 Cf. Charles Johnson, The History of Pirates (an eighteenth century book); Henri Malo, 'Les Corsaires' (Paris, 1908); Gomer Williams, History of the Liverpool Privateers' (London, 1906); Alberto Guglilmotti, La Guerra dei Pirati e la Marina Pontificia del 1500 al 1560' (Firenze, 1876); and Mr. Statham's recently published book on some notorious pirates. In the following year pressure was put | Fernandez. upon King George I. by the merchants of London and Liverpool to send a wellequipped expedition to the West Indies to deal thoroughly with the pirates, of whom a number still remained, and practically made government in the Bahamas impossible, though a royal charter had been granted by Charles II. to the Duke of Albemarle and five other distinguished Englishmen, and proprietary rights conceded to them. These Lords Proprietors, as they were termed, sent a Governor to represent them-the first, Capt. Johnson Wentworth, who assumed the position in 1671. Nothing much could be done, however, for between the pirates and the French and Spaniards civilized government was impossible. It would take up too much space to detail the failures of the various Governors who had been sent out by the Lords Proprietors between 1671 and 1704; suffice it to say that a Mr. Birch, who had been dispatched in the latter year, upon his arrival found New Providence destitute of inhabitants, and after camping in the woods for some days he returned to England. He The London and Liverpool merchants before mentioned prevailed upon the King to assume the responsibility of making an end of the pirates, and recommended Capt. Woodes Rogers to command an expedition, and also to govern the colony. The King followed this advice, and Woodes Rogers was duly commissioned to fill these offices. This selection was a complete success. wisely secured the co-operation of Hornygold, who had previously been pardoned, and with his assistance the principal remaining pirates were brought to justice, and eight of them executed on 12 Dec., 1718. This appears to have been the death-blow to piracy in the Bahamas, and a period of comparative peace was secured. Woodes Rogers remained as Governor for four years, and for the first time some progress was made in settled government. Greycliffe, Torquay. G. T. CARTER. "A British Privateer in the time of Queen Anne, being the Journal of Captain Woodes Rogers, Master Mariner, with notes, illustrations, and map by Robert C. Leslie." Published by Chapman & Hall. This book comprises the journal kept by Capt. Rogers during his voyage round the world in the ship the Duke, and gives a full account of his adventures on the west coast L. L. K. The article on Woodes Rogers by Prof. Laughton in the 'Dict. Nat. Biog.' will, no doubt, supply the information wanted, though if more is required the following references may be of use. The best account of Woodes Rogers's famous voyage is in his, now scarce, Cruising Voyage round the World,' first published in 1712. A second edition was published in 1718 and reissued in 1726. A Voyage to the South Seas and round Another account of this voyage, entitled the World,' was written by Capt. Edward Other Cooke, and also published in 1712. accounts will be found in the following 6 works: : The World Display'd. Third Edition, 1771, Vol. Bristollia: Outline of the Voyage of the Duke and Life aboard a British Privateer in the time of The following are biographical :— In addition to the references in N. & Q.' already given, notes will be found at 4 S. x. 107 and 9 S. i. 68. ROLAND AUSTIN. Gloucester THE WEARING OF SWORDS (11 S. viii. be published immediately. This supposi410). To wear a sword is the sign of a gentle- tion fits in well with the gold key which the man. This explains the fact that footmen Groom of the Stole wore as his emblem of were forbidden to wear it. Upper servants, J. T. F. however, were reckoned as gentlemen, as in the common phrase Gentlemen's gentlemen." They did not wear livery, but plain clothes, and were allowed to wear swords. In Lord Broughton's Life we read of a 66 dinner at Devonshire House in the last century where out-of-livery servants with swords attended. Sydney Smith, writing to Archdeacon Singleton in 1839, makes fun of the domestics of the prelacy with swords and bag-wigs at Lambeth Palace. To the present day the train-bearer to the Speaker always wears a sword. 64 CHE SARA Sara. GROOM OF THE STOLE (11 S. viii. 466, 515); -In Halliwell's Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words,' 1847, one reads, 8.v. 'Stole (4)': "A kind of packing-chest for robes and clothes. We still have 'groom of the stole.' See 'Privy Purse Expences of Eliz. of York,' p. 45." In Angliæ Notitia ; or, The Present State of England: The First Part,' by Edw. Chamberlayne, 15th ed., 1684, p. 160, is :— "A List of His Majesties Servants in Ordinary, above Stairs. "Gentlemen of the Bed-Chamber, whereof the first is called Groom of the Stole, that is, according to the signification of the word in Greek, from whence, first the Latines, and thence the Italian and French derive it, Groom or Servant of the Robe or Vestment; He having the Office and Honour to present, and put on his Majesties First Garment or Shirt, every Morning, and to order the things of the Bed-Chamber." One of the duties of the Gentlemen of the Bed-Chamber was, "in the absence of the Groom of the Stole, to supply his place." The word "stole comes from the Greek στολή (equipment, robe, stole). See Skeat's and other dictionaries. In modern Greek the word has much the same meanings, plus uniform and livery (of servants). ROBERT PIERPOINT. I note that the "stole "here mentioned has been variously interpreted as the liturgical stole worn by the King at his Coronation, the long robe or vestment worn by him on solemn occasions, and his Majesty's first garment every morning. I cannot help thinking that all these are afterthoughts, and that it really has to do with the apartment long known as the Stole (or Stool) Chamber, the evidence for which is abundant, as will appear in Mr. St. John Hope's great book on Windsor Castle, to office. Winterton, Lincs. 66 Your correspondent J. T. F. is surely in from very remote times as the error in confounding the royal robe-known stole with the "stool chamber," by which he apparently means the "lieu d'aisance." The stole has been worn by every English sovereign at his or her Coronation, including the present King, and has been fully described and illustrated in official narratives of the ceremonial. H. 7 GLASGOW CROSS AND DEFOE'S TOUR (11 S. viii. 349, 416, 492).—I have a copy Gentleman"; vol. i., 1724; vol. ii., 1725; of the first edition of the Tour"" by a vol. iii., 1727, and contains a tour thro' Scotland with "which completes the work a map of Scotland by Mr. Moll." This has no separate title, but is separately paged. The words "in the centre stands the cross do not occur in this edition. After the words are so large of themselves " the paragraph continues, as you come down from the hill," &c. J. F. R. Godalming. JOHN STROUT (STROUDE), DEVON (11 S. viii. 489).—I doubt whether the two Johns are identical. John Strode, who matricu lated (aged 17) at Exeter College, and took his B.A. degree from Broadgates Hall (Pembroke College) on 11 May, 1621, was apparently younger brother of William Strode (1599 ?-1645), the celebrated politician. In the Register of Exeter College, under 'College Plate : White Plate : Bowles,' occurs the following entry: dono Johannis Strode, Gulielmi Strode equitis aurati filii et hujus Coll. commensalis, 13 oz." According to Prince ('Danmonii Illustres '), he was apparently "Ex a great favourite of the nobility and gentry, who spent much of his time about London, and was counted the best bowler (player of bowls) in all England." PEPYS QUERY (11 S. viii. 489).-On Sunday morning, 2 Sept., 1666, Mr. Pepys walked to the Tower, "and there got up upon one of the high places"; and there I did see the houses at that end of the bridge all on fire, and an infinite great fire on this and the other side the end of the bridge; which, among other people, did trouble me for," &c. "Poor little Michell was the younger son of Thos. Michell, bookseller, of Westminster Hall. He had married Betty Howlett, |