Names of responsible parties will be inserted in any of the following departments, at a uniform price of 20 cents each insertion, or $2,00 per year.

$1.00 Queens.

Names inserted in this department the first time without charge. After, 20c each insertion, or $2,00 per year.

Those whose names appear below agree to furnish Italian queens for $1,00 each, under the following conditions: No guarantee is to be assumed of purity, or anything of the kind, only that the queen be reared from a choice, pure mother, and had commenced to lay when they were shipped. They also agree to return the money at any time when customers become impatient of such delay as may be unavoidable.

Bear in mind that he who sends the best queens, put up most neatly and most securely, will probably receive the most orders. Special rates for warranted and tested queens, furnished on application to any of the parties. Names with *, use an imported queen mother. If the queen arrives dead, notify us and we will send you another. Probably none will be sent for $1.00 before July 1st, or after Nov. If wanted sooner, or later, see rates in price list.

*E. W. Hale, Newark, Wirt Co., W. Va. *A. I. Root, Medina, Ohio.

2-1

1

R. A. Paschal, Geneva, Talbot Co., Ga.
A. Osbun, Spring Bluff, Adams Co., Wis.
H. D. Heath, Sherman, Grayson Co., Texas.
N. B. McKee, care of D. & D. Inst., Indianapolis, Ind.
J. B. R. Sherrick, Mt. Zion, Macon Co., III.
Otto Kleinow, opp. Fort Wayne, Detroit, Mich.
J. C. & D. H. Tweedy, Smithfield, Jeff. Co., O.

KIND WORDS FROM OUR CUSTOMERS.

The Waterbury watch is a wonder for the money. A. R. ROUTON. Magdalena, Merriwether Co., Ga., Sept. 11, 1881.

The smoker came all right. It came in good time, and it beats all the smokers. H. F. PITMAN. Williams, Lawrence Co., Ind., Sept. 6, 1881.

I received the 15c plane, and was completely satisfied with it. It cuts like a razor, and is very durable. Eminence, Henry Co., Ky. LEWIS T. DRANE.

It has paid me to advertise in GLEANINGS, and I have tried to give satisfaction, as I said I would, and I think I have done it. H. NICHOLAS. Etters, York Co., Pa., Sept. 5, 1881.

Both numbers of GLEANINGS are at hand, clean and nice. They read so natural! Send it along the ALLEN COATES. Centreville, Crawford Co., Pa., July 13, 1881.

1-12

7ttd

1-12

7tfd

Y. 1-10

7tfd

7tfd

4-10

*Chas. G. Dickinson, Sou' Oxford, Chen. Co. N. *Wm. Ballantine. Sago, Musk. Co.. 0. *W. H. Nesbit, Alpharetta, Milton Co., Ga. *H. Nicholas, Etters, York Co., Penn. *Jas. P. Sterritt, Sheakleyville, Mercer Co., Pa. 5-10 *C. B. Curtis, Selma, Dallas Co., Ala. 6-11 *T. W. Dougherty, Mt. Vernon, Posey Co., Ind. 7-12 C. H. Deane, Sr., Mortonsville, Woodford Co., Ky.

8tfd

Hive Manufacturers.

The Waterbury watch purchased of you some time since has now been running about two months, and gives entire satisfaction as a timepiece. ALFRED ISAACS. Tarkington Prairie, Tex., Sept. 2, 1881.

The watch was a little slow. After setting the regulator about the sixteenth part of an inch forward it kept as good time as any timepiece I ever saw, of any price or quality. ALFRED ISAACS. Tarkington Prairie, Liberty Co., Tex., Aug. 12, '81.

I know where to send when wanting things in a hurry. It took offly 311⁄2 days to send from Michigan

A. I. Root, Medina, Ohio.

Bees by the Pound.

Those whose names appear below agree to furnish bees by the lb., and at the prices given in our circular.

I. L. Scofield, Chenango Bridge, Broome Co., N. Y.
S. C. Perry, Portland, Ionia Co., Mich.
J. P. Moore, Morgan, Pendleton Co., Ky.
W. R. Whitman, New Market, Madison Co., Ala.
Chas. Kingsley, Greeneville, Greene Co., Tenn.
C. D. Wright, Baxter Springs, Cherokee Co., Kans.
H. B. Harrington, Medina, Medina Co., O.
W. St. Martz, Moonshine, Clark Co., Ilis.
G. W. Gates, Bartlett, Shelby Co., Tenn.
W. S. Canthen, Pleasant Hill, Lancaster Co., S. C.
J. G. Taylor, Austin, Travis Co., Texas.
T. P. Andrews, Farina, Fay. Co., Ill.
Allan D. Laughlin, Courtland, Law. Co., Ala.
E. J. Atchley, Lancaster, Dallas Co., Texas.
D. McKenzie, Carrollton P. O., N. O., La.
H. L. Griffith, Sumner, Law. Co., Ill.
J. H. Martin, Hartford, Wash. Co., N, Y.
W. A. Pirtle, Cabot, Lonoke Co., Ark.

E. T. Flanagan, Belleville, St. Clair Co., Ill.
J. K. Mayo, Stafford, Fort Bend Co., Texas.
J. F. Hart, Union Point, Greene Co., Ga.
B. Chase, Earlville, Madison Co., N. Y.
S. P. Roddy, Mechanicstown, Fred. Co., Md.
W. J. Ellison, Statesburg, Sumter Co., S. C.

my gum, and the tenth day I went to see how she was doing, and I raised one of my racks and it was full of sealed brood. J. P. BELLAH.

Rouge, Texas, Aug. 10, 1881.

I received the 3 dozen pencils, at 10c a dozen, and they are just splendid for the money. I would have to pay 5c for one at our country store. I shall send to you for all of the little things hereafter. Here is the 8c to pay postage on them. WM. H. PUE.

New Berlin, Tex, Sept. 3, 1881.

The knife sent me came to hand all right. I am more than pleased with it. I have found it the best of metal. I was surprised to find it only 35 cts. I have compared it with knives of the same grade here, and could not buy them for less than 75 cts. Atlanta, Ga., Sept. 4, 1881. A. S. SMITH.

My little Emilie received her toy piano all right, and is very much pleased with it, and sends thanks for the nice book you sent. Walter (my son) also received his saw and plane, and is delighted with them. E. C. MOSELEY.

Oyster Creek Station, Brazoria Co., Tex., Sept., '81.

The extractor came to hand all O. K. It is a beauty, and I think the price is low; and the knife, why! I just think it is too nice to soil up with honey and wax; but I guess I'll have to use it. Much obliged for your promptness in filling all my little orders. You have my best wishes for future success. W. H. FERGUSON.

Bloomdale, Ohio, Sept. 11, 1881.

Cobourg, Ont., Can., Sept. 22, 1881.

Please discontinue my advertisement in October GLEANINGS. Not because it is not a good advertising medium, but because it is too good. I want to keep a few queens for my own use, you know. I have had to sell too close several times, trying to fill orders promptly. Success to good old GLEANINGS. J. P. MOORE. Morgan, Pendleton Co., Ky., Sept. 8, 1881. You have credited me with eighty cents on loss of bees; now, you just cancel the credit, and then it will be all right. The bees were dead, came as stated, but I even then got more bees than I expected, as you sent me more for the money than I looked for. S. C. LYBARGER.

Ganges, O., August 25, 1881.

[May God bless you for your kindness, friend L.; am sure it does me much good to get such a message.]

The tested queen ordered from you in June was received and placed in a queenless swarm on the 21st of June. To-day I have a superior colony of Italians. Six frames of the golden-striped workers. They are quiet, and I can handle them with so much satisfaction. I have 4 other colonies, all strong blacks, and cross as bees usually are, and I must give them Italian queens too. H. A. EASTMAN. Ashtabula, O., Sept. 14, 1881.

AN IMPROVEMENT IN WATCH-POCKETS.

The last watch came, and is doing finely; the instructions are an improvement. Let me suggest that every one have a button-hole or a slit put into the bottom of the watch-pocket to let out the dust. I. B. RUMFORD.

Bakersfield, Cal., Aug. 18, 1881.

[An excellent suggestion, friend R.; but it would never do to put money into such a pocket, or it would lose out even faster than it does now. For that matter, nothing should ever be carried in the same pocket with the watch, any way.

DOLLAR QUEENS ALL PURE.

The fine queens you sent me came all right, and I introduced them all without any trouble; two of them were very nice yellow ones; the other three are very dark; their brood is just hatching now, and I think they are all pure. E. A. EMMONS.

Tampico, Ill., Aug. 24, 1881.

[We find, by referring to our books, that the above were all purchased of our friend E. T. Flanagan. I am very glad to give this report, for friend F. has had some bad luck, and this may encourage him a little.]

Bees have done so poorly for the past three years I feel too poor to afford a journal. I know you have kindly offered to share my loss in the mails, but if you should try to share everybody's losses, you would soon be lost financially yourself. I wintered on summer stands the past winter, 90 colonies out of 95. Now have 150 in good condition for winter. M. T. ROWE.

of praise. They say it is all right. The honey season has been extra good in this section, with but few bees to gather. I tell you, it looked lonesome without them this season. Acres of white clover, and fields of buckwheat honey wasting, and no bees to gather it. W. C. BUITCH.

Jordan, Ont., Can., Sept. 4, 1881.

BEES AND BEE-STINGS FOR "SICK FOLKS," AGAIN. I have had a hard time in the bee business this summer, but it seems as if it is for my good, after all. I have bad poor health for six years past, and thought that I would go into the bee business for a living; but since I have had all the honey that I could eat, and all the stings that I could stand, my health has improved wonderfully; so much so that I have done the most work in the shortest time this summer that I ever did in my life; and I can say to you, that you will please accept my greatest thanks for the kind advice you gave me last winter. I now have 22 colonies. I hived 4 swarms this afternoon in one hive, which made one pretty good colony. I have had buckwheat swarins. Bees are suffering now for want of attention, but I can't leave the shop, as I have so much work to do. They are filling the porticos in front of the hives with nice white comb, but I have no time to take the surplus honey now. I have taken 59 Simplicity section boxes from my chaff hive, and there are 72 in it now ready to come off as soon as I get the crate, which I am going to set right down on top of the brood frames. think in two years more I shall give up every thing else and attend to my bees if I have good luck with them. I have not lost a swarm this season. TIM CALVER.

Union Mills, Ohio, Sept. 4, 1881.

The imported queen came the next day after being shipped. She was in fine shape, and I introduced til night to preform the job. I will send you a photo., her the next day, only requiring from morning unand I presume I will get a scolding when I tell you that I am a bachelor, almost 30 years old: but I trust that you will have a little mercy on us old "baches," for you know that the women are almost all afraid of bees. We are trying to find one that isn't. If I find one I will send you her picture too, so you can see how we compare. JESSE C. THOMPSON.

Pierpont, Ashtabula Co., O., Aug. 17, 1881.

[Friend T., I am very much obliged for the picture: but allow me to observe that the other sex are not all afraid of bees. Still, if such were the case I should hardly feel like advising them all to learn to handle bees just because they might stand a better chance of getting married. Both boys and girls should get acquainted, not only with bees, but with cattle and horses as well, that they may be useful in any emergency; and then when they become useful members of society, there is always some one of the opposite sex who will need their help. I have sometimes been tempted to say, that the reason some people can never find any thing to do, is because they were good for nothing; but it can't be that that rule would account for your not being a married man, can it, friend T.? Is it because the other sex are afraid of bees, or that you are afraid of the other sex?]

THOU SHALL NOT TAKE THE NAME OF THE LORD IN VAIN; FOR THE LORD WILL NOT HOLD HIM GUILTLESS THAT TAKETH HIS NAME IN VAIN.-EXODUS 20:4.

Every single time I have sent to you for things you have sent them promptly, and often some little thing as a present; then how very unkind of me, in sending the order, to write the weather was "hotter than Friend Root, I am one of the worst men to swear in the United States, having never heard but one man as bad to swear. It was 106° in the shade when I wrote, and what I wrote was nothing to what I thought; so here are many thanks for your kind reproof, and a promise not to write to any person such language again. No change until last ROBERT REYNOLDS.

Utica, Lasalle, Co., Ill., Sept. 8, 1881. [You see, I wrote a remonstance to friend R. for his profanity in a letter; but as you will observe, it did not make him angry either. Now, friend (or friends if you choose), profane swearing is an awful thing; it is a sin against God that can not be overlooked unless repented of; and, if I am right, it is one that seldom goes unpunished in this world. I am very glad you have proinised to put no more such

words on paper; and, in fact, friend R., I thank God for that. But can you not take one step more, and say that no one shall ever again hear you utter such words? Somehow I seem to feel that you will take this step, and the next one after that will be to resolve, with God's help, you will not even tolerate such thoughts. Thoughts are the source from which actions spring; and if you keep it all in, after a little while the thoughts will not keep coming in. Are you not thankful for that little rain you speak of? Folks who complain when things don't come, certainly ought to give thanks when they do come. When going to Columbus a few days ago, a man was swearing most bitterly because the train was behind and failed to connect as he wished it to. I thought he was complaining prematurely, and pretty soon a friend spoke and told him his train had not gone, after all, for there it was right before his eyes, waiting for him to get aboard. I watched him to see the change come over him, and to see if his face would not soften down into at least a smile of thanks. Do you think it did? I am sorry and sad to say that he received the good news with only another string of curses against God and the railroad men. Now, boys, seriously, what do you think of such an attitude of heart? What ean God do with such awful ingratitude? Where does such a man really deserve to go?]

RECENT ADDITIONS, CHANGES, AND IM-
PROVEMENTS, IN OUR COUNTER STORE.
A NEW Circular of our Counter Store goods only, is
ready to mail on application.

OUR Counter Store was again taken over to our fair grounds, and nearly $300.00 worth of goods were sold from it in the two days.

WE have succeeded in getting Mason's 1-qt. fruit cans on our 10c Counter. We can ship them from the factory for $13.50 per gross. Pint jars, $13.00

To go with our Waterbury watches, we have a little nickel alarm clock, called the Fairy Queen. The Fairy Queen is not only a little beauty, but it is a gem of a timepiece. Price $2.00, or $2.25 if sent by mail. Like the watches, the little clocks are carefully regulated by us before they are sent out.

AN IMPROVEMENT IN OUR COE'S PATTERN
WRENCHES.

OUR Coe's pattern wrenches are now all made of wrought instead of malleable iron, as heretofore, and are a most beautiful strong wrench. Three sizes, 25, 50, and 75c.

WE have just succeeded in making a beautiful confectionery of maple sugar. Somebody has said that the craving for candy among children is right and proper, for it is nature's demand for the sugar they need. Well, if it is all pure maple sugar, and nothing else, we are sure it is wholesome. It is perfectly dry to the touch, yet dissolves easily in the mouth. like cream candy. Price 20c per lb. We have it in little gauze bags on the five-cent counter.

BESIDES the Waterbury watches in nickel-plated cases, we now have them in cases made of celluloid. They are put up in three colors- pure black and pure white, and in a mottled celluloid, called malachite, from its resemblance to that stone. The prices in the celluloid cases are just one-half more than the ordinary nickel cases. We are now selling our seventh gross of Waterbury watches. Considerable improvements have been made in them of late, and the factory now have a system of repairing all watches at a uniform price of 50 cents each, no matter if you should drop your watch and step on it.

THE FIVE AND TEN CENT HONEY-PAILS.

I AM Sorry to say, that those pretty little covered tin pails we have been selling so many of have advanced in price, so that we will hereafter have to charge $4.25 and $8.00 per hundred for the 1% pint and 2-quart respectively. Even at the present prices it seems a wonder how they can be made for any such money. Within a year we have purchased 35 grossor something like 5000 of them. Do you wonder that manufacturers give us low prices? In selling your honey, almost anybody will give 5 and 10c for the pretty little pails; and at these prices

you make a safe little profit. Where bee-men have a stock on hand, they can generally retail a good many to the neighbors, in the course of a year. We can send you samples by mail, if you wish to see them; but where ordered in lots, they must go by freight. Where you are so far off that freights eat up the margin, you will have to add freight to the prices.

Honey Column.

Under this head will be inserted, free of charge, the names of all those having honey to sell, as well as those wanting to buy. Please mention how much, what kind, and prices, as far as possible. As a general thing, I would not advise you to send your honey away to be sold on commission. If near home, where you can look after it, it is often a very good way. By all means, develop your home market. For 25 cents we can furnish little boards to hang up in your dooryard, with the words, Honey for Sale," neatly painted. If wanted by mail, 10 cents extra for postage. Boards saying "Bees and Queens for Sale," same price.

CINCINNATI.-Honey.-There is a good demand for extracted honey, which brings readily 7@10c on arrival. Arrivals of and demand for comb honey is rather indifferent. It brings 14@17c on arrival. Beeswax.-20@22 cents. CHAS. F. MUTH. Cincinnati, Sept. 23, 1881.

NEW YORK.-Honey.- In reply to your postal of the 20 inst., permit us to quote honey as follows: Best white, in 1 and 2-lb. sections, 18@20; fair white. in 1 and 2 lb. sections, 15@17; mixed and dark, in 1 and 2-lb. sections, 12@14. Large boxes, 2c per lb. less than above prices. Best white, or linden extracted, 10@11; dark extracted, 7@8. Beeswax.-23@25c. from prime to yellow. H. K. & F. B. THURBER & CO. New York, Sept. 23, 1881. 100 lbs. of honey, in 1-lb section boxes, for sale by J. LUTHER BOWERS, Berryville, Va.

I would like to buy one barrel of good extracted honey, at the rate of ten cents a pound; and, if suited, will take several barrels more. Any person having such, please address CHARLES LEYNIS.

Morganville, Monmouth Co., N. J.

I have about 6000 lbs. of extracted honey, put up in kegs holding from 50 to 120 or 130 lbs. Will sell the white at 10c, and the dark at Sc per lb., delivered on board cars at Durand, kegs thrown in.

Durand, Ill., Sept. 20, 1881.

C. H. STORDOCK.

I

No. 23.

A CHEAP OBSERVATORY HIVE.

Do not know whether you would call it an observatory hive or a house apiary on a small scale; but this is how it came about. One hot day last August, two nice queens batched out in the lamp nursery, and there were no nuclei upon which the pin in the registering card pointed to "missing;" neither were there any more empty hives in which to start nuclei, and, as I disliked to kill the queens, I stood for a moment wondering what I should do with them, when my eyes alighted upon a light shippingbox in which friend Nellis had sent me a full colony containing an imported queen. Why not fix up that box for a hive? thought I; yes, and fasten it up in one corner of the shop, and have a house apiary, was the next thought. In just half an hour the bees were flying from two holes in the sides of the shop. These two holes were the entrances to the two nuclei that occupied the shipping-box. A piece six inches square was cut out from one side of the box; this piece was then hung for a door by means of leather hinges, and it was kept closed by means of a little latch made from a pin. The inside of the opening was covered with a piece of glass, and, by watching here a few minutes, I saw that one of the young queens had been accepted, and was walking about quite at her ease. I presume that some of you can imagine the pleasure that I have experienced in "fishing" nice yellow queens out of this impromptu hive. How I do love to fix up nuclei in some such

to nothing, and then once in about ten days find them occupied by nice laying queens.

EXPERIMENTS IN WINTERING.

I am now making some experiments with a view to help solve the wintering problem. Of course, the few experiments that I can make will not amount to a great deal; but if one hundred bee-keepers would make the same experiments for several years in succession, they would certainly prove something. The statistical table so carefully prepared by friend Newman, for which he certainly deserves a vote of thanks, shows that the care we give our bees in preparing them for winter is not entirely wasted - we have at least made some progress; but until the percentage of losses in wintering is considerably less than it has been for the past few years, our beloved occupation will not take a place in the front rank of agricultural pursuits. I hope to live to see honey plenty and cheap (because of no loss in wintering bees;) to see it used upon every table, just as much as butter now is, and if I lose a colony during the winter, I wish to be able to give the reason with at least as much certainty as a veterinary surgeon can tell what caused the death of a horse or cow. I admire friend Heddon's course; he does not know what is the trouble, and candidly says so: but he is going to "cut and try" until he finds out what it is. I say, let others do likewise; let us all put our shoulders to the wheel, and never stop until this one great difficulty is surmounted. Until we can winter our bees with uniform success, winter after winter, we are unworthy the name of bee-keepers. We can control the number of bees that there are to be in a colony, and, by our being

able to do this, our bees need not perish for want of numbers; we can control the kind and amount of food that they shall have during the winter; and if sugar is better than honey for winter stores, we can give it to them; but if bees are wintered out of doors we can not control the temperature; while if they are in cellars or special repositories, we can control the temperature. The uniform success that George Grimm and L. C. Root and others have had in wintering large numbers of colonies in cellars, helps to confirm me in the belief that indoor wintering, properly managed, is the best for our northern climate.

But I fear that I am wandering, speculating and theorizing a little too much; the experiments that I am making are to leave some of my colonies out of doors, protecting most of them with chaff cushions, to put some of them in the cellar, and to put some of them in clamps on a dry sandy knoll. Some of them are furnished entirely with white sugar, others in part, and some are given early-gathered honey, and others not. Part of those in the cellars will be given a fly, if the weather permits, and the remainder will not be taken from the cellars until they can gather honey. I have not the space to enter into all of the particulars now, but next spring I will tell you how they all wintered.

W. Z. HUTCHINSON. Rogersville, Genesee Co., Mich., Sept., 1881.

I am getting so many inquiries about how I ventilate in the cellar, that it is getting troublesome to answer them for a 3-cent stamp. Allow me, therefore, to state in GLEANINGS exactly what I do. I use the S-frame Langstroth portico hive, with honeyboard, exclusively. When I put them in the cellar I set them in rows, six high, the rear one an inch higher than the front; and this is the ventilation: The entrance, 1⁄4 inch high, and as wide as the hive, is left open and kept clear of dead bees during the winter, and the honey-board is slid forward so as to give an opening of 1⁄4 inch in the rear. That is all, and it is enough. It permits the circulation of air through the hive. Vapors arising from the bees are either carried off, or condensed and run out of the front of the hive-the latter very rarely, however. Nearly all my hives are painted on the inside, so the moisture will not soak into the wood. Once in a while a hive is found where a few outside combs are molded some, but the cases are few. Almost all have as bright, dry combs in the spring as in the fall; and bear in mind, too, that I leave all the combs in the hives through the winter, and do not take the trouble to crowd the bees together by means of a division-board: the cold has always done that most effectually. If I removed the spare combs, I do not think that I would have a single moldy comb in the apiary.

In reference to winter passages through the combs, I would say that I never made them and never needed them. The bees pass under the honey

ING FOR WINTER.

The above method of ventilation serves the purpose of absorbents in the shape of chaff and the like, ad

LARS.

RIEND ROOT:-Your gentle reminder in Aug. GLEANINGS did not escape my notice, but I did not have time to write any thing for September number. Though somewhat late in the season, a few words on the subject of feeding may not be amiss. I shall not get around to feeding any before October myself, and if I tell you how I do it I suppose it will be sufficient. For my part, I desire rather to hear practice than theory; and, to some extent, others can be judged by one's self.

As soon as I can get time I will go to each of my outside apiaries (five) and examine every colony, and weigh them. Those that have sufficient honey,

a good queen, are strong in bees, etc., I do not dis

turb till the time comes to haul them home or to the cellars in which I winter them. All those that are not in proper shape, I haul to my home apiary so as to have them handy for treatment. After uniting all that is necessary, I supply them partly with combs of honey, and feed sufficient sugar syrup to give them a good supply for the winter. If I had extracted honey on hand I would feed that; but as I did not raise any this year, I will feed syrup made of a tin can, about the size of a peach can, through a hole in the honey-board. The can has a piece of perforated tin about 11⁄2 inches square on the bottom, and a rim of tin around the edge, % of an inch wide. It is filled on the same side through a small can-screw cap, and turned over by a quick movement. I suppose it is on the principle of your pepper-box feeder. The honey that bees gathered this fall is good, and I shall therefore feed only those that have not enough for the winter.

of the best white coffee sugar. I feed this by means

sary. Of this I am certain, that there must either be ventilation similar to this, or absorbents of moisture must be used in its stead, as nearly always, when through carelessness the cover had been slipped back in lifting another hive on top, the colony was either dead in the spring, or had moldy combs. Next winter I shall have a large tank of water, holding about 5 barrels, in one of my cellars; and I think it will materially help to purify the air, and secure an even temperature. During warm weather I can cool the water with ice. GEO. GRIMM.

Jefferson, Wis., Sept., 1881.

I expect now, friend Grimm, some of the boys will want to know how you make the syrup; whether it is boiled, or only stirred up cold, my favorite way. We are very glad you have told us so plainly about the ventilation in the cellar. You see, friends, he has it every bit as open as we have talked about, when sections were left over the. frames for outdoor wintering, and, very likely, a little more so. Just think of it! A 4-inch slot the width of the hive, at both entrance and highest point. I should think the Simplicity hives would be real handy to put into the cellar, for we could let the bees wax down the enameled sheets as tightly as they pleased; and as they were put in the cellars, just roll back the tin on the back end of the enameled sheet, to make this space. These sheets are usually kept above the frames enough for a good bee passage, by ↑ little pillars of wax. When the bees are put out in the spring, the end of the sheet can quickly be turned back in place again, and they are snug and tight for brood-rearing.