...thought." Williamson v. Lee Optical Co., 348 US 483, 488. That era long ago , passed into history. . . . In the area of economics and social welfare, a State...the classification has some "reasonable basis," it docs not offend the Constitution simply because the classification "is not made with mathematical nicety...

...it is, then it was valid before the State issued its "clarifying" resolution. A statute's conviolate the Equal Protection Clause merely because the classifications made by its laws are imperfect." Dandridge v. Williams, 397 US 471, 485 (1970). Respondents' exemption from the income tax sufficiently...

...376, 385 (1960); accord, San Antonio School Dist. v. Rodriguez, 411 US 1, 51 (1973). The provision "does not offend the Constitution simply because the...classification 'is not made with mathematical nicety * * *' " Dandridge v. Williams, 397 US 471, 485 (1970), quoting Lindsley v. (980) 997 A stricter rule...

...and social welfare, a State [and correspondingly under the Fifth Amendment the Federal Government] does not violate the Equal Protection Clause merely...basis,' it does not offend the Constitution simply becaue the classification 'is not made "The average inpatient stay in public mental hospitals is short....

...the pleadings of "old" and "new" property claimants. As Justice Stewart acknowledged in Dandridge: imperfect. If the classification has some reasonable basis it does not offend the Constitution.... To be sure, the cases enunciating this fundamental standard have in the main involved state regulation...

...perhaps has not chosen the best means to accomplish this purpose. But where rationality is the test, a State "does not violate the Equal Protection Clause...the classifications made by its laws are imperfect." (316) Just how relaxed equal protection analysis can be under the rational basis test is demonstrated...

...sanctions are not involved, homosexual "orientation" is an acceptable stand-in for homosexual conduct. A State "does not violate the Equal Protection Clause...the classifications made by its laws are imperfect," Dandridge v. Williams, 397 US 471, 485 (1970). Just as a policy barring the hiring of methadone users...

...The Court rejected the challenge.19 "In the area of economics and social welfare," the Court wrote, "a State does not violate the Equal Protection Clause...basis,' it does not offend the . . . Constitution." The Court's reason for giving low-level scrutiny to social and economic laws is that anything more...

...sanctions are not involved, homosexual "orientation" is an acceptable stand-in for homosexual conduct. A State "does not violate the Equal Protection Clause...the classifications made by its laws are imperfect," Dandridge v. Williams, 397 US 471, 485, 90 S.Ct. 1153, 1161, 25 L.Ed.2d 491 (1970). Just as a policy...

...Act, which are facially neutral. See Dandridge v. Williams, 397 US 47 1 , 485 ( 1 970) (noting that in "the area of economics and social welfare, a State...classifications made by its laws are imperfect"). See also Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Hous. Corp., 429 US 252, 264-65 (1977) (reaffirming the...