...linked the problem of factions with property.63 In "Federalist No. 10," for example, Madison stated that "the most common and durable source of factions has...the various and unequal distribution of property." 64 Political virtue could not be relied upon, Madison argued. "It is vain to say that enlightened statement...

...of the community." Madison did not counsel the elimination of these selfinterested groups. He wrote, "the most common and durable source of factions has...the various and unequal distribution of property," and Madison believed in the sanctity of property rights. The best that could be done, therefore, is...

...diversity. The pursuit of happiness, the engine of economic life, was a significant source of factions, [T]he most common and durable source of factions has been the various and unequal distribution of properly. Those who hold and those who are without property have ever formed distinct interests in...

...have been sufficient to kindle their unfriendly passions, and excite their most violent conflicts. for that purpose if not in session. If the Congress,...within twenty-one days after Congress is required Those who are creditors, and those who are debtors, fall under a like discrimination. A landed interest,...

...diversity, he thought inequality in the possession of economic resources was at the heart of the problem: But the most common and durable source of factions...property have ever formed distinct interests in society. Those who are creditors and those who are debtors fall under like discrimination. A landed interest,...

...whether his fear of the majority is, because the rights of the propertied elite must be protected. "The most common and durable source of factions, has...property, have ever formed distinct interests in society" (ibid. p. 52). The Federalists were also suspicious of the people's ability to choose wisely or, as...

...thus a major element in defining the power structure of a society; and, as Madison well understood, "[T]he most common and durable source of factions...the various and unequal distribution of property" (Federalist 10, par. 7). "The regulation of these various and interfering interests," Madison reasons,...

...redistributionist impulses. James Madison in the Federalist 1o (1787) warned against class war — "the most common and durable source of factions, has...the various and unequal distribution of property." Factions were based on economic class: "A landed interest, a manufacturing interest, a mercantile interest,...

...prove his point Beard relied heavily upon certain passages in The Tenth Federalist such as: -118But the most common and durable source of factions has...the various and unequal distribution of property." and "A rage for paper money, for an abolition of debts, for an equal division of property, or for any...

...instincts." Madison recognized that societies would inevitably fractionate into special interests: Those who hold and those who are without property have ever formed distinct interests in society. Those who are creditors, and those who are debtors, fall under a like discrimination. A landed interest,...