...constitute some evidence for the liberal theory of human nature implicit in Publius's famous statement that "the most common and durable source of factions, has...the various and unequal distribution of property," not "zeal for different opinions concerning religion . . . [and] Government" (10:58-59). The remaining...

...observations remained relevant at both the beginning and the end of the twentieth century. He argued, "[T]he most common and durable source of factions has been the various and unequal distributions of property. Those who hold and those who are without property have ever formed distinct...

...the respective proprietors ensues a division of the society into different interests and parties.34 But the most common and durable source of factions...property have ever formed distinct interests in society. . . . The regulation of these various and interfering interests forms the principal task of modern...

...recognized long ago by James Madison, who wrote in The Federalist no. 10 under the name Publius that "the most common and durable source of factions has...without property have ever formed distinct interests in society."45 Following this reasoning, Lipset referred to elections as the "democratic class struggle."46...

...old story, traceable at least to ancient Athens (Phillips, 1993). In 1787, James Madison wrote that "the most common and durable source of factions has...the various and unequal distribution of property" (in Rossiter, 1961, p. 79). The Levellers of the English revolution in the middle of the seventeenth...

...1961), 464. 7 Federalist No. 10 (J. Madison), in Rossiter, ed., The Federalist Papers, 79 (noting that "the most common and durable source of factions has...the various and unequal distribution of property"). Aristotle similarly criticized democracy as rule by "men of low birth and no property," which is true...

...of factions, has been the various and unequal distribution of property." Seen from this perspective, "those who hold, and those who are without property, have ever formed distinct interests in society," and it was Madison's felt responsibility to craft a political system that would prevent the property-less...

...from a free-market economy. In eighteenth-century America, wealth was equated with property ownership. "Those who hold and those who are without property have ever formed distinct interests in society."40 These natural and social circumstances would lead to division and could threaten the whole....

...Federalist Papers of the factionalism which arose around the unequal distribution of property. Madison: But the most common and durable source of factions has been the verious and unequal distribution of property. Those who hold and those who are without property have...

...have been sufficient to kindle their unfriendly passions, and excite their most violent conflicts. But the most common and durable source of factions,...property, have ever formed distinct interests in society. Those who are creditors, and those who are debtors, fall under a like discrimination. A landed interest,...